Q&A Hero

Q: Sarah asks the respondents in a research study a series of open-ended questions about the respondents' feelings and thoughts on the subject of child labor. Sarah is conducting ________ research. A) statistical B) qualitative C) tertiary D) quantitative E) numerical

Q: Which statement is true about quantitative research? A) It includes direct observation of consumers in choice or product usage situations. B) It studies the dynamic interplay between peoples' feelings and their resulting actions. C) It is generally associated with survey research that involves yes/no questions. D) It includes recording consumers' first impressions about products. E) It almost always uses open-ended or in-depth and unstructured responses.

Q: Compare and contrast the two types of licenses required for export.

Q: Will leaving the country make an American businessman immune to U.S. laws? Explain your reasoning with specific examples.

Q: Describe the issues companies are facing with respect to green marketing legislation.

Q: Briefly describe the Canadian legal process to determine whether a representation is false or misleading.

Q: What are cybersquatters? How do they operate and why are they a problem for businesses?

Q: List and describe the major international conventions designed for mutual recognition and protection of intellectual property rights.

Q: Compare and contrast "prior use" and "registration" ownership of IP rights. Give an example of each.

Q: Compare and contrast conciliation and arbitration. In what situation would conciliation be most appropriate? In what situation would arbitration be most appropriate?

Q: Legal disputes can arise in three situations: between governments, between a company and a government, and between two companies. How are each of these handled?

Q: What are the four forms of law that comprise the majority of the legal systems in the world? Name one country for each system.

Q: The Export License Application and Information Network (ELAIN) is an electronic service that enables exporters to A) ship their goods to clients whose licenses are approved without conditions. B) check the status of their license and classification applications. C) submit commodity classification requests via the Internet . D) submit license applications via the Internet. E) submit the export and re-export applications and high-performance computer notices via the Internet.

Q: What list indicates the exportability status of an item based on the ECCN? A) Commerce Control List B) Entity List C) Common List D) Priority Export List E) International Trade List

Q: The exporter is responsible for selecting the ________ that leads to a description in the Commerce Control List (CCL) and indicates the exportability status of the item. A) Entity List Number B) Priority Number C) Export License Number D) Trade Regulations Number E) Export Control Classification Number

Q: The responsibility of determining if a license is required rests with the A) Department of Commerce of the exporting nation. B) regulatory body of the industry. C) exporter. D) U.S. Customs department. E) importer.

Q: What license is required for products exported from the United States? A) international or bilateral license B) general or a validated license C) single license D) exporter or third-party license E) shipment license or agent license

Q: The revised set of export regulations published by the Department of Commerce to speed up the process of granting export licenses is the A) Agreement on International Trade and Negotiations. B) Export-Import Manual. C) International Trade Regulations. D) Export Charter. E) Export Administration Regulations.

Q: U.S. firms, their foreign subsidiaries, or foreign firms that are licensees of U.S. technology cannot sell a product to a country in which the sale is considered by the U.S. government to affect the A) competitive balance of world trade. B) competitive balance of free competition inside the U.S. C) relationship of the U.S. with the world community. D) overall balance of payments of the United States. E) national security of the United States.

Q: Under the antiboycott law, U.S. companies are forbidden to participate in any unauthorized foreign boycott. Which situation brought about the antiboycott law in the U.S.? A) the boycott of Cuba by the U.S. B) the boycott of South Africa by the world community C) the boycott of Israel by the Arab League D) the boycott of China by the United States E) the boycott of the U.S. by the U.S.S.R. (the wheat embargo)

Q: Which of the following U.S. government agencies oversees antitrust enforcement in international commerce? A) Department of State B) Department of Justice C) Department of Commerce D) Department of Defense E) Department of Home Land Security

Q: The first objective of ________ laws is to protect American consumers by ensuring that they benefit from products and ideas produced by foreign competitors as well as by domestic competitors. A) incorporation B) intellectual property C) antitrust D) indemnification E) insurance

Q: The _________ of the United States makes it illegal for companies to pay bribes to foreign officials, candidates, or political parties. A) Taft-Hartley Act B) Informed Consumer Standard C) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act D) Best Practices Act E) International Codes of Law

Q: The question of jurisdiction of U.S. law over acts committed outside the territorial limits of the country has been settled by the courts through application of a long-established principle of international law called the: A) right of imminent domain. B) legal transfer of power. C) rights of foreign powers and citizens. D) objective theory of jurisdiction. E) McNeil principle of international law.

Q: Which country has enacted the most stringent green marketing laws to regulate the management and recycling of packaging waste? A) South Korea B) China C) Germany D) United States E) India

Q: Which act developed by the European Union erases many legal and trade differences that have existed for decades between the member nations? A) European Sanctity Act B) European Indemnification Act C) European Unification Act D) Single European Market Act E) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act

Q: According to Canadian law, what is the standard expected by courts in Canada to determine whether a representation is false or misleading? A) de novo standard B) credulous person standard C) clearly erroneous standard D) informed consumer standard E) discretionary standard

Q: ________ buy and register descriptive nouns, geographic names, names of ethnic groups and pharmaceutical substances, and other similar descriptors and hold them until they can be sold at an inflated price. A) Patent trolls B) Server farms C) Domain name registries D) Cybersquatters E) Universal resource locators

Q: The Internet has no political or natural boundaries; as a result, A) existing laws are generally sufficient to cover contractual issues and piracy. B) existing cyberlaws incorporate the uniqueness of the Internet successfully. C) companies cannot rely on individual-country laws but must go to international courts. D) the individual-country laws, which may or may not include private protection, are used in the absence of uniform and internationally accepted cyberlaws. E) the regulatory environment is stable and consistent between countries.

Q: What is an approach mentioned in the text to prevent Chinese consumers from creatively copying foreign intellectual property? A) boycotting all trade activities with China B) placing embargoes on trade with China C) charging what the market will bear D) disengaging local representation in sales E) pursuing dispute resolution at the World Court

Q: What is the most comprehensive multilateral agreement on intellectual property to date and covers a full range of rights that are embodied in current international agreements? A) World Intellectual Property Organization Charter B) Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement C) Inter-American Convention Agreement D) The Madrid Arrangement E) Paris Agreement for the Protection of Industrial Property

Q: The ________ is a multicountry agreement that has established a regional patent system that allows any nationality to file a single international application for a European patent. A) Madrid Arrangement B) Paris Convention C) TRIPs Agreement D) Basel Convention E) European Patent Convention

Q: Which of the following conventions is responsible for the promotion of the protection of intellectual property rights among all the member countries of the UN? A) The Basel Convention B) The Madrid Arrangement C) The Tokyo Agreement D) The Eurasian Convention E) The World Intellectual Property Organization

Q: What international convention was established to recognize and protect intellectual property rights? A) Paris Convention B) Munich Agreement C) Tokyo Convention D) Eurasian Convention E) Kyoto Protocol

Q: In the United States, ownership of intellectual property rights is established by "prior use versus registration," which implies that to claim the ownership of a trademark, an individual must A) be recognized by the United Nations trademark protection agency. B) pay for the right to own a trademark. C) establish first use of a trademark. D) prove the ownership of a trademark in a court of law. E) register a trademark only in his home country.

Q: In which country is the ownership of IP rights established by prior use? A) Japan B) Brazil C) Saudi Arabia D) Jordan E) United States

Q: What commonly counterfeited product has the potential for doing the greatest harm to the consuming public? A) toys B) CDs C) pharmaceuticals D) software E) clothing

Q: What is the most attractive target for pirates because of high development cost and low reproducibility costs? A) apparel B) software C) auto parts D) books E) agricultural produce

Q: What poses a major challenge to international marketers while dealing with counterfeiting? A) the ease with which consumers can tell the difference between real and counterfeit products B) the theft of products by pirates during shipping C) government regulations legitimizing counterfeiting D) the collusion between contract manufacturers and illegitimate sellers E) the widespread availability of duplication software

Q: Ideally, what should be the first step in the settlement of a dispute? A) using the strategy of conciliation B) engaging in arbitration C) coercing the other party D) placating the injured party E) initiating a litigation

Q: When all the other methods have failed, what is the final step in an international commercial dispute? A) conciliation B) encouraging one's government to force the other party to comply C) restarting the arbitration process D) litigation E) coercion

Q: Arbitration clauses require agreement wherein the concerned parties agree A) on who is right and who is wrong. B) on the validity of the litigation issues. C) to abide by the awards resulting from the arbitration. D) to not hire a legal counsel to represent them. E) to not name the arbitrators.

Q: What is usually placed in the arbitration clause and is becoming standard in many international contracts? A) the preferred court or legal body of arbitration B) the place of arbitration and the language used in the arbitration process C) the contract stating that the results of the arbitration process are not binding on both parties D) the judgment of the legal action initiated in the litigation stage E) the copy of the lawsuit filed by the plaintiff

Q: What generally occurs during arbitration? A) Lawsuits are initiated between the conflicting parties. B) The preliminary step of conciliation is often bypassed. C) Arbitral centers demonstrate varying rules and procedures. D) The plaintiff and the defendant each select a person to present their case. E) Sessions are private and confidential.

Q: A consumer products manufacturing company is trying to solve a dispute with one of its raw material suppliers over a breach of contract. After the failure of the initial attempts to solve the dispute in a friendly informal manner, the companies have approached an international commission to appoint an informed party to act as a referee and make a judgment that both parties will honor. What dispute resolution method is being used by these companies? A) litigation B) arbitration C) mediation D) coercion E) judicial intervention

Q: When formal arbitration organizations receive requests for arbitration, they initially attempt to resolve the issue through A) coercion. B) prosecution. C) direct legal intervention. D) litigation. E) conciliation.

Q: In a typical ________ procedure, parties select a disinterested and informed party or parties to serve as a referee to determine the merits of the case and make a judgment that both parties agree to honor under the law. A) arbitration B) informal settlement C) conciliation D) litigation E) coercion

Q: Ralph Richards's company has been attempting to solve a problem with a contract default by the Dutch government. He has tried conciliation but the two parties did not find any common ground on which they could begin a fruitful negotiation for settlement. What is likely to be the course of action that both the parties will try next? A) mediation B) informal settlement C) arbitration D) litigation E) coercion

Q: Teel's Tacos, a food company in the United States, is trying to resolve a dispute with a local company in Belize that has been operating under the same name in its country. All attempts made by the U.S. company to settle the issue in a friendly manner have failed, so the owners of the U.S.-based Teel's Tacos have decided to settle the dispute with the local company by appointing a mediator. They also want the sessions to be private because of the fear of creating a poor public image. Which of the following dispute resolution methods is best suited for this situation? A) conciliation B) prosecution C) arbitration D) coercion E) litigation

Q: Mariette's U.S.-based company is having a dispute with a Chinese partner. What method would be especially effective in resolving this dispute? A) arbitration B) conciliation C) coercion D) litigation E) a criminal suit

Q: ________ is a nonbinding agreement between parties to resolve disputes by asking a third party to mediate differences. A) Litigation B) Prosecution C) Arbitration D) Conciliation E) Coercion

Q: What method accounts for the majority of resolutions in international commercial transaction disputes? A) criminal suits B) conciliation C) arbitration D) litigation E) coercion

Q: If there is a dispute between ________, the World Court can adjudicate. A) governments B) a company and a government C) two companies D) a citizen and a government E) trade associations of two countries

Q: Because of political changes in the late twentieth century, which country has had to build from scratch an entire commercial legal system? A) France B) Germany C) Taiwan D) Russia E) Saudi Arabia

Q: According to ________, law is strictly subordinate to prevailing economic conditions, such fundamental propositions as private ownership, contracts, due process, and other legal mechanisms. A) common law B) code law C) Islamic law D) Marxistsocialist tenets E) legal tradition

Q: The Islamic law prohibits the payment of A) taxes. B) profits. C) interest. D) equity. E) leases.

Q: Islamic law is also known as A) Ulema. B) Umrah. C) Zakat. D) Shari'ah. E) Barakah.

Q: The basis for ________ is the interpretation of the Koran. A) common law B) code law C) Islamic law D) Marxistsocialist tenets E) legal tradition

Q: What is true of code-law systems? A) They represent a legal system that is not all-inclusive. B) They establish ownership of intellectual property by prior use rather than registration. C) They originate from tradition, past practices, and legal precedents set by the courts through interpretations of statutes, legal legislation, and past rulings. D) They sometimes fail to consider agreements to be enforceable unless properly notarized or registered. E) They fail to consider unforeseeable human acts such as riots as acts of nature.

Q: Apart from intellectual property laws, an illustration of how fundamental differences in the common and code systems can cause difficulty is in A) conducting civil trials. B) determining laws governing export and import. C) deciding heredity laws. D) determining criminal laws. E) evaluating the performance of a contract.

Q: ________ is considered complete as a result of catchall provisions found in most of this type of law systems. A) Common law B) Code law C) Islamic law D) Marxistsocialist tenets E) The English legal tradition

Q: In code-law countries, the ownership of intellectual property is determined by A) heredity. B) nature of use. C) duration of usage. D) registration. E) indemnification.

Q: Under common law, the ownership of intellectual property is established by A) title deeds. B) use. C) tradition. D) patent. E) registration.

Q: Laws governing ________ offer the most striking differences between common-law and code-law systems. A) international trade B) social welfare C) homicide D) intellectual property E) domestic industry

Q: Under _______ law, the legal system is generally divided into three separate codes: commercial, civil, and criminal. A) constitutional B) code C) family D) religious E) traditional

Q: Code law is based upon A) the interpretation through the past decisions of higher courts. B) the established and customary principles of law and their legal precedence. C) an all-inclusive system of written rules of law. D) the interpretation of the Koran. E) the codes of English law that apply in all countries under English influence.

Q: ________ law seeks "interpretation through the past decisions of higher courts which interpret the same statutes or apply established and customary principles of law to a similar set of facts." A) Constitutional B) Family C) Criminal D) Civil E) Common

Q: The basis for ________ law is tradition, past practices, and legal precedents set by the courts through interpretations of statutes, legal legislation, and past rulings. A) civil B) common C) code D) commercial E) criminal

Q: Germany's legal system centers on code law, which is derived from ________ law. A) English B) Economic C) Greek D) Persian E) Roman

Q: Code law is also known as ________ law. A) business B) common C) religious D) civil E) universal

Q: Which form of law is primarily found in the United States, England, Canada, and other countries once under English influence? A) code law B) common law C) religious law D) civil law E) universal law

Q: __________ law is derived from English law and is practiced in the U.S.. A) Code B) Common C) Religious D) Civil E) Universal

Q: Widgets, Inc. is beginning to export its products to Taiwan, but it isn't sure if it needs a license to do so. The responsibility of determining if a license is required rests with the Taiwanese company that is purchasing the products.

Q: One purpose of antitrust enforcement in international commerce is to keep U.S. companies from imposing restrictions on exports by other U.S.-based competitors.

Q: Moving a business outside the political boundaries of the home country exempts the company from the home-country's laws.

Q: Antitrust laws were not enforced in the United States during most of the twentieth century.

Q: Global concern for the environment includes industrial pollution, hazardous waste disposal, and rampant deforestation, but excludes issues that focus directly on consumer products.

Q: The laws regulating direct selling in China are unusually detailed compared to others around the world.

Q: The Informed Consumer Standard is used in the consumer protection courts in Canada and it places the onus of making the right decisions on the buyer who is expected to have substantial knowledge of the industry and its products.

Q: The shipping companies collect taxes for products that are sold by a company through the Internet to customers outside its home country.