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Q:
One potential drawback for consumers who use a DVR (digital video recorder) is that __________A. they have to be at home to press "record" in order to tape a programB. they can"t skip past commercialsC. marketers and advertisers might be able to "see" what they watchD. they can only use them to record broadcast network programming, not cable programmingE. DVRs can be unreliable and don"t always record what you program them to record
Q:
Differences in, and competition over, technical standards__________ .A. caused the FCC to temporarily ban any new TV licenses in the late 1940s and early 1950sB. meant that it took over a decade before all three of the major networks started broadcasting in color in the mid-1960sC. resulted in a "war" between the Beta and VHS formats of home videocassette recordersD. resulted in a "war" between Blu-ray and HD DVD formats for high-definition movie recordingsE. All of the options are correct.
Q:
VHS outsold the technically superior Betamax videocassette format because __________.A. the recorders cost lessB. VHS offered more tape space and could record longer programsC. more money was spent advertising the VHS format than the BetamaxD. consumers couldn"t tell the difference between the two formatsE. All of the options are correct.
Q:
How have direct broadcast satellite (DBS) services challenged cable?
A. They offer a lot more stations than cable.
B. They are able to send signals directly to small satellite dishes where the installation of cable wires hasn"t been possible.
C. They have started to create their own programming, while cable still only shows reruns
of old network programs.
D. They have a better relationship with broadcast networks than cable does, and thus have lower retransmission fees than cable.
E. All of the options are correct.
Q:
Which of the following is a premium cable channel?A. ESPN B. CNN C. MTVD. C-SPANE. HBO
Q:
Why have TV broadcasters been threatened by cable?A. Cable systems have better satellites.B. Cable systems might choose not to carry the signal of a local broadcast station.C. Since cable's inception, the FCC has favored the cable industry over the broadcasting industry.D. Cable's clearer signal and ability to target niche audiences attracted viewers away from broadcasters' programming.E. Broadcasters never felt threatened by cable.
Q:
Which of the following is a way cable channels have achieved success?A. Creating programs that target the largest possible mass audienceB. Avoiding being "bundled" with other channels as part of a package dealC. Finding and catering to the needs of a niche audience with specific interests D. Emulating broadcast network programmingE. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
The development of satellites in the 1970s__________ .A. brought an end to the franchising frenzyB. encouraged competition between K-band and C-band technologiesC. enabled premium channels like HBO to be bornD. made the FCC instigate must-carry rulesE. All of the options are correct.
Q:
The final part of the cable system that actually brings the cable into the home is called__________ .A. feeder or trunk cableB. headendC. cathode ray tubeD. fiber-optic cableE. drop or tap line
Q:
Which development was a consequence of the quiz-show scandal?A. The patent pool was declared a monopoly and dismantled.B. The networks couldn"t keep control over programming, and the sponsors became the sole authority.C. Quiz-show hosts were no longer allowed to have stock in the company.D. Quiz-show contestants had to be vetted by the show's sponsors first. E. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Which of the following was not one of Sylvester "Pat" Weaver's strategies for forcing advertisers to relinquish some of their power over television programming?A. The introduction of magazine shows like the TodayshowB. The development of television specials, such as the TV versions of Richard III and Peter PanC. The development of spot adsshorter ads to be sold to individual sponsorsD. Decreasing the length of television programs, allowing for fewer advertisements to go to any one sponsorE. None of the options was a strategy.
Q:
In the TV freeze of 1948--1952,__________ .A. the FCC halted technological experiments in order to decide on a workable model for American color televisionB. a number of television stations froze new programming in order to make decisions about sponsorship issues and advertisingC. advertisers boycotted television programming as a way of ensuring their own monopoliesD. the FCC declared a freeze on new licenses because of concerns about frequency- interference problemsE. the monopolies of a few television corporations prevented others from entering the field, putting a freeze on broadcasting competition
Q:
Who transmitted the first electronic TV picture?A. John GriersonB. Philo Farnsworth C. Vladimir Zworykin D. Thomas EdisonE. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Some U.S. cities are challenging privately owned cable giants by building competing, municipally owned cable systems.
Q:
Comcast is the nation's largest cable TV system operator.
Q:
Cable systems in the United States are increasingly owned by fewer and fewer companies, called multiple-system operators.
Q:
At the network era's peak, a prime-time series with a rating of 17 or 18 and a share of between 28 and 30 was generally a success.
Q:
Audience measurement isn"t particularly useful to advertisers because it only tells them how many people are watching a particular program, not what kind of people.
Q:
A program's share is the percentage of TV sets tuned to the program in comparison to the overall number of TV sets in use at the time.
Q:
Rating refers to the percentage of households watching a given show out of all households watching television at a given moment in time.
Q:
Under a cash-plus syndication deal, a TV station pays less for a popular syndicated show than it would under a straight cash deal.
Q:
In TV syndication, barter deals are usually arranged for new or untested shows.
Q:
Evergreens are TV shows that are currently popular.
Q:
After completing its first five television episodes, an independently produced TV program no longer requires deficit financing to fund its production.
Q:
An FCC study found that local cable TV companies that face competition have lower monthly rates than cable companies in noncompetitive markets.
Q:
The 1996 Telecommunications Act puts strict limits on the number of radio and TV stations any one company can own.
Q:
The 1996 Telecommunications Act allows cable companies to offer telephone service, but the phone companies are not permitted to enter the cable TV business.
Q:
Under the 1996 Telecommunications Act, cable operators are allowed to offer telephone service.
Q:
In the landmark MidwestVideo case, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the cable industry was a form of electronic publishing with the same First Amendment rights as print magazines.
Q:
Cable systems that operate as common carriers are required by law to approve the content of all programs they provide their subscribers.
Q:
Must-carry rules require cable operators to assign channels to and carry all local TV
broadcasts on their systems.
Q:
Concerned with the power that the Big Three networks had, the FCC enacted the Prime Time
Access Rule.
Q:
With the establishment of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting in 1967, nonprofit radio and television stations no longer had to ask their audiences for financial support.
Q:
The federal government funds 90 percent of public television's annual budget.
Q:
Few children's programs are aired on network television because most advertisers are less interested in reaching that audience.
Q:
Reality TV shows cost more for networks and cable to make than sitcoms or dramas.
Q:
CNN showed an immediate profit and met with widespread cultural success when Ted Turner introduced it in 1980.
Q:
Cable News Network (CNN) premiered in 1980.
Q:
The narrative situation and complications in a sitcom are typically resolved by the end of the episode.
Q:
Only a few TV series from the 1950s have survived, and that is because these few were the only ones originally shot on film.
Q:
The ability to stream TV shows on devices like smartphones and the iPad hasn"t changed consumers' viewing habits much.
Q:
Third screens typically function as "catch-up services," allowing consumers to watch TV shows or movies that played earlier.
Q:
Today, with the advent of DVR, viewers are moving away from the trend of time shifting that affected advertisers in previous decades.
Q:
Time shifting refers to the delay of broadcast programs because of different time zones across the United States.
Q:
DBS does not pose a significant threat to the cable industry.
Q:
Premium cable channels lure customers with the promise of no advertising.
Q:
As a result of the number and diversity of cable offerings, the major networks (ABC, CBS, and NBC) have lost a significant portion of the viewer base they had in the 1960s and 1970s.
Q:
A communication satellite that is in geosynchronous orbit circles the earth at the same speed at which the earth revolves on its axis.
Q:
CATV stands for "cable access television."
Q:
The quiz-show scandals of the 1950s provided the first indication that TV images could be manipulated.
Q:
The quiz-show scandals of the late 1950s resulted from quiz shows' frequently accepting incorrect answers from contestants and then covering up the mistakes.
Q:
The sale of spot ads within such shows as Today and TV specials like Peter Pan helped to end sponsor control of TV content.
Q:
In the first years of television, cities that had operating television stations saw an increase in people going to movie theaters, more people going to nightclubs, and more people checking out library books.
Q:
Between 1948 and 1952, no new licenses were issued to construct and operate TV stations in the United States.
Q:
Idahoan Philo Farnsworth is credited with transmitting the first TV picture electronically when he was only twenty-one years old.
Q:
Television has been praised as unbiased and removed from partisan politics.
Q:
Many of the program conventions in television actually came from radio.
Q:
The Radio Act of __________established the Federal Radio Commission.
Q:
The government-approved commercial company that allowed the United States to gain world leadership in broadcasting was named__________ .
Q:
Westinghouse established a station with the call letters __________, which aired national returns from the Cox-Harding presidential election on November 2, 1920.
Q:
Now a media term, __________was once an agricultural term that referred to casting seeds over a large area.
Q:
Lee De Forest claimed as his biggest breakthrough the development of the__________, or triode, vacuum tube.
Q:
In the mid-1860s, James Maxwell theorized that __________waves existed.
Q:
The system of sending electrical impulses from a transmitter through a cable to a reception point was developed by American inventor Samuel __________.
Q:
Invented in the 1840s, the__________ was the precursor of radio technology.
Q:
What has been the defining feature of public debate regarding radio as a natural resource?A. Broadcasting companies are eager for questions on their financial arrangements. B. Public debate is vigorous and intense over the role of radio.C. There is little public debate over the issue.D. Record companies want to encourage debate in order to create the best environment for artists to grow on the airwaves.E. All of the options are correct.
Q:
Univision is the top __________broadcaster in the United States.A. nonprofitB. EuropeanC. alternativeD. Spanish-languageE. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
The top three radio companies in the United States are__________ .A. CBS, Salem, and UnivisionB. Clear Channel, Cumulus, and CBSC. Cox, Clear Channel, and CBSD. Cumulus, Cox, and CBSE. Clear Channel, CBS, and Lotus
Q:
Despite new technologies like personal MP3 players and music online, traditional radio continues to see billions of dollars in advertising money because__________ .A. advertisers are accustomed to using radio and are slow to changeB. advertisers like the music played on a particular radio stationC. over 90 percent of American teenagers and adults listen to the radio in a given weekD. advertisers are required by law to place a percentage of their ads on the radio wavesE. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Podcasting is__________ .A. an agricultural term that refers to spreading pods over a large areaB. a radio industry practice of sending a bundle, or pod, of programming to affiliatesC. the practice of making a program available online that can be played on computers or portable MP3 playersD. a reference to the small booths, or pods, that disc jockeys work inE. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Which of the following statements about the relationship between the radio industry and the concept of media convergence is false?
A. The convergence between radio and the recording industry was just the earliest instance of radio overlapping with another form of mass media.
B. Radio has heavily converged with the Internet with things like podcasts and streaming
audio.
C. Internet stations are able to negotiate royalty rates directly with the music industry.
D. Internet radio harkens back to the early days of radio, with its large variety of stations, and to the transistors of the fifties, with its portability.
E. Internet radio only includes existing stations that simulcast over the Web.
Q:
Which of the following is true about HD radio?
A. It allows a radio station to broadcast several different formats simultaneously on the same frequency it already uses.
B. It is the same thing as satellite radio.
C. It has been exploding in popularity, and consumer demand is outstripping the ability of radio stations to keep up.
D. HD radio is an analog technology.
E. It was developed in the 1950s but kept from the public for decades by business owners.
Q:
Satellite radio__________ .A. relies on transmitters and towers on the ground to reach consumersB. is now being provided by only one company in the United StatesC. is mostly used by ham radio operators for secure signals, not by the general publicD. is free to consumers once they buy the equipment that receives the satellite signalE. is splintered into dozens of competing satellite radio providers
Q:
Which of the following statements about National Public Radio is true?A. It is fully funded by the U.S. government with reliable support from the Republican Party. B. It is in serious trouble, with less than two million listeners nationwide each week.C. It is completely free of sponsorship from private businesses and corporations. D. Morning Edition and All Things Consideredare two of its popular programs. E. None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Nonprofit radio today is__________ .A. accepting liquor advertisingB. prosperingC. buying up commercial radio stationsD. converting to analog equipment to save moneyE. struggling to survive government funding cuts
Q:
The most popular music format on U.S. radio today is__________ .A. countryB. contemporary hit radioC. urban contemporaryD. top 40E. adult contemporary
Q:
Which of the following statements about the news/talk/information radio format is true?A. From 1987 until 2011, the number of stations with this format rose from just under 200 to almost 2000.B. It is more expensive to produce than a music format.C. It appeals to advertisers looking to target working- and middle-class adult consumers. D. It tends to appeal to listeners over thirty-five years old.E. All of the options are correct.
Q:
One of the driving forces behind the adoption of format radio was that__________.A. radio stations could charge an advertising premium for target audiencesB. paperwork became easier for program directorsC. disc jockeys had a chance to play a wider variety of musicD. it made it easier for record companies to promote new artistsE. radio stations could fulfill their public service requirements
Q:
Radio formats usually target specific audiences according to .A. ageB. genderC. race or ethnicityD. incomeE. All of the options are correct.
Q:
Which of the following indicates how radio listeners today are different from radio listeners in the 1930s?A. Listeners today are loyal to specific stations or formats rather than to specific shows.B. Listeners today tune in at a specific time to hear their favorite radio programs, rather than cruising through stations.C. Peak listening occurs in the evening hours today, rather than during drive time.D. Today, people listen to their radio at home more than people did in the 1930s.E. None of these options is correct.