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Google is a subsidiary of YouTube.
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The 1996 Telecommunications Act encouraged mergers and joint ventures among phone companies and cable operators.
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MMORPGstands for "massively multiplayer online role-playing game."
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Apple sells more than 25 million tablets each year.
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The BlackBerry was the first popular Internet-capable smartphone in the United States.
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Facebook is the most popular social media site on the Internet.
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Google+ is a social networking site that is designed to compete with Facebook.
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Flickr is an online content community for sharing videos.
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By 2012, Bing had more than 66 percent of the search-engine market share.
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E-mail was one of the earliest services of the Internet.
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In the 1990s, AOL was the top Internet service provider in the United States.
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Netscape overtook Internet Explorer as the most popular Web browser in the late 1990s.
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HTML stands for "hypertext markup language."
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The introduction of microprocessors, miniature circuits made of silicon, made personal computers possible.
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Computer engineer Ray Tomlinson established the "login name@host computer" convention for e-mail addresses.
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The Internet is owned and operated by the federal government, which has the power to shut it down when necessary.
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The Internet is a hierarchically structured and centralized network.
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ARPAnet is a browser.
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The Internet originated as a military and government project.
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The Internet was originally created to transport messages more rapidly for an increasingly sedentary and isolated population.
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A. Identify central characters, conflicts, topics, and themesB. Make an informed judgmentC. Answer the question "So what?"D. Look for patternsE. Take action as a citizen1) Description 2) Analysis 3) Interpretation 4) Evaluation 5) Engagement
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A. Premodern (before 1800s) B. Modern (after 1800s)C. Postmodern (since 1950s)1) Local culture2) Factory3) Virtual office4) Quill pen5) Typewriter6) Global culture7) Temp workers
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The final step in the critical process, _________occurs when citizens actively work to create a media world that best serves democracy.
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_________is the second step in the critical process. It involves discovering significant patterns that emerge from the description stage.
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According to the textbook, one _________ attains by following a five-step critical process: description, analysis, interpretation, evaluation, and engagement.
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The common denominator that makes both our entertainment and information cultures compelling is_________ .
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_________is the technological merging of content in different mass media.
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The stages in the development of most new mass communication industries are the_________stage, the entrepreneurial stage, and the mass medium stage.
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The phenomenon whereby audiences seek messages and meanings that correspond to their preexisting beliefs and values is called_________ .
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_________refers to images, texts, and sounds that are converted into electronic signals that are later reassembled as a precise reproduction of the original image, text, or sound.
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The telegraph was the first media development to break the connection between transportation and _________.
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The five major phases in communication history include the _________, written, print, electronic, and digital periods.
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_________ is the process of creating and using symbol systems that convey information and meaning.
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What does the textbook suggest is the best way to approach media literacy and media criticism?A. Learn as much as you can so you can sit on the sidelines and criticize effectively.B. Understand the various types of media so you can participate in the process of helping them live up to their democratic potential.C. Examine mass media through a careful critical process. D. Both the "learn" and "examine" options are correct.E. Replace cynical perception of the media with genuine criticism.
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In the interpretation stage of the critical process, an answer must be found to which of the following questions?A. When?B. How many? C. Who?D. So what? E. Where?
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Which of the following does the textbook associate with postmodern culture?A. The ColbertReport B. The New York Times C. The Gutenberg BibleD. Aldous Huxley's Brave New World E. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following is an aspect of postmodern culture?A. The idea that populist themes devalue the notion of "art"B. Acknowledging paradoxes such as having both a nostalgia for the past and an appetite for new technologyC. Never mixing fact with fiction, preferring only to "stick to the facts" D. Believing that rational thought is the answer to every social problem E. All of the options are correct.
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Postmodern values include which of the following?A. A belief in rational orderB. Working efficientlyC. Diversity and fragmentation of cultural styles D. Rejecting traditionE. None of the above options is correct.
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Celebrating populism in postmodern culture can result in__________.A. political leaders talking about their love of expensive wine, fancy French cheese, country club memberships, and an Ivy League educationB. political leaders telling stories that are meant to resonate with the middle classC. political leaders talking about well-respected and peer-reviewed scientific studiesD. political leaders openly supporting big corporationsE. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following is not a value the textbook associates with postmodern culture?A. Resistance to ideas such as "high" and "low" culture that set hierarchies of taste. B. An emphasis on the fragmentation and mixing of cultural styles.C. Increased faith in science owing to technological and scientific advances.D. A tendency to embrace and even celebrate paradox. E. All of the options are correct.
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Which statement(s) reflect(s) the modern period's ideal about working efficiently?A. New technology should be used to make manufacturing more efficient, thereby providing inexpensive products for everyday life.B. There was a cultural shift from the ornate and decorative to the functional.C. It provoked criticism about the impact on individual dignity, such as in the book Brave New World and the movie ModernTimes.D. Modern journalism deemphasized historical context, description, and analysis.E. All of the options are correct.
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In the nineteenth century, critics felt which of the following might create havoc?A. Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's Gothic novel FrankensteinB. PopulismC. "Mash-ups" such as Pride and Prejudice and ZombiesD. Rising literacy rates among the working class E. Increased access to technology
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Critics who view culture as a map__________.A. see the map as rigidly structuredB. acknowledge that the familiar and unknown often coexist in the same song, movie, or other cultural artifactC. feel that culture was more meaningful in the "good old days" of the mid-twentieth centuryD. see popular culture as more innovative than high cultureE. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following statements does not represent part of the traditional high culture critique against popular culture?A. Popular culture is formulaic and repetitive.B. Popular culture simply exploits and recycles high culture to lesser effect. C. Popular culture debases our taste for finer culture.D. Popular culture creates a greater appetite for high culture, making high culture less elite.E. The abundance of pop culture material leaves consumers with less time and money to spend on high culture.
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Critics who adopt the "skyscraper" model of understanding culture worry that too much "low"culture__________.A. will stunt their imagination and undermine their intellectual growthB. will take meaningful and complex works of art and literature and render them trivialC. will distract people from meaningful political action and important social changeD. will prevent people from experiencing genuine artE. All of the options are correct.
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Which of the following statements best describes how the textbook characterizes the interaction of media and society?A. Media are definitely the cause of society's problems.B. Media are just a mirror that reflects what is already in society.C. Violent movies and song lyrics, not media, cause school violence. D. How much media really shape society is unknown.E. None of the above options is correct.
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According to your textbook, a major concern of critics of contemporary culture is__________.A. dull and boring televisionB. making sure networks have enough money to continue making programsC. overly restrained talk shows that are too polite to discuss difficult topicsD. children being bombarded by too many television commercialsE. the lack of information available to consumers
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Elvis Presley was filmed only from the waist up in his third appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show because__________.A. his left leg was in a castB. some critics considered his hip movements lasciviousC. another singer complained that Presley had stolen his dance routineD. the public demanded to see Presley's face close upE. None of the above options is correct.
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Concerns about how young people might be negatively influenced by messages in popular or "low" cultural forms__________.A. didn"t happen until the appearance of rock-and-roll music in the 1950sB. were resolved by Plato, Aristotle, and other classical philosophers who decided for all time what was to be considered "art"C. have been around at least since the time of the ancient Greek philosopher SocratesD. have always been about important moral values and never a cover for racism or bigotryE. existed in ancient Greece, but went away until jazz music started to become popular around the start of the twentieth century
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An example of what the textbook means by narrative is__________.A. a children's book about three small swineB. a movie about an alien invasionC. a news story about a mass protestD. Michael Jackson's Thriller videoE. All of the options are correct.
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What is one concern identified in the textbook about the future of news content available through Internet news search sites like Google?A. People aren"t interested in reading the news online.B. Who will pay for the cost of producing quality news content?C. It seems likely that newspapers will block their material from search engines. D. Newspapers, radio stations, and television stations don"t like the Internet.E. All of the options are correct.
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Which of the following statements best describes media convergence?A. It only happened because of the Internet.B. It makes older forms of mass communication obsolete and leads to their disuse.C. It allows older forms of mass communication to find new life with new technology. D. It creates new forms of media unlike anything we"ve seen before.E. It only applies to the reinvention of the printed word.
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Which of the following statements about Google is false?A. Google makes most of its money by generating original content. B. Google is an example of a successful digital age media company. C. Google is used to locate both "new" and "old" media content.D. Google makes most of its money by selling advertising.E. Google has expanded far beyond being a search engine by offering e-mail, mapping, and numerous other services.
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Which of the following statements about cross-platform media convergence is false?A. A primary goal is to maximize profits.B. A common result of this kind of convergence is using fewer employees to generate content for multiple outlets.C. It can involve a single company owning various media holdings, such as radio and television stations, Internet service providers, and cable television systems.D. A primary goal is to offer more choice to media consumers.E. None of the statements is false.
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Which of the following is one definition given in the textbook for the term media convergence?A. The consolidation of different mass media holdings under one corporate umbrella B. The appropriation of American products by foreign advertisersC. The gathering of multiple press figures at a media event such as a press conferenceD. A concentrated and organized stream of Internet traffic to one site for the purpose of crashing itE. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following is one of the four stages in the emergence of a new mass medium that the textbook describes?A. Invention stageB. Testing stageC. Entrepreneurial stage D. Consumer stageE. Obsolete stage
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Which statement best describes mass media?A. Books by their very nature are culturally superior to other forms of mass media.B. Television programs by their very nature are culturally inferior.C. Billboards and broadcast satellites aren"t part of mass media.D. Any media form can provide content that is worthy or that panders to the worst in human nature.E. Mass media evolve thanks to clever inventors, not to cultural, political, or economic circumstances.
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Selective exposure__________.A. is a TV show about the quirky inhabitants of a remote town in AlaskaB. refers to the process of media gatekeepers selecting information to which an audience will be exposedC. deals with how much time audiences choose to spend with any mediaD. refers to the fact that people tend to seek out messages that agree with what they already believeE. refers to early film development techniques
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A cultural approach to understanding mass communication__________.A. is easier to understand because it outlines a linear flow of information from sender to receiverB. argues that gatekeepers decide which information and messages flow to the audienceC. argues that diverse audiences will interpret the same information differentlyD. argues that diverse audiences interpret information in the same wayE. None of the above options is correct.
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The linear communication model can be criticized on the grounds that__________.A. it assumes that culture is hierarchicalB. it asserts that audiences create their own meanings from messages sentC. it suggests an active sender and a passive receiverD. it conforms too closely to the EPS modelE. it is flexible enough to describe the way consumers use the Internet
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The key development that allowed for the transition to the digital age was__________.A. the ability to translate images, text, and sounds into binary codeB. the telegraphC. the ability to broadcast voices, music, and other sounds via the radioD. televisionE. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following is the best way to characterize the transitions between the print, electronic, and digital eras?A. The exact lines between each era are clear.B. As new technology was invented, the older forms of technology were rapidly discarded.C. Each wave of newer technology came at the same time as more and more people moved from urban areas to rural areas.D. In practice, the eras overlapped as newer technologies disrupted and modified older technologies.E. Changes in the eras of mass communication had little effect on most people.
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According to your textbook, which of the following is a consequence of the quick development of new technologies in the digital era?A. We no longer use older technologies like the radio. B. Cyberbullying and phishing have spread.C. Traditional leaders in communication have even more control over information.D. Traditional leaders in communication have lost some control over information. E. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following was a contribution of the telegraph?A. The transformation of information into a commodity B. The concept of nationalismC. The rise of the middle classD. The development of the pony express E. All of the above options are correct.
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The transformation from an industrial, print-based society to one grounded in the Information Age began with the development of __________.A. sound recordingB. the printing pressC. the newspaperD. the magazineE. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following does the textbook identify as a result of the printing press?A. The emergence of the style of communication known as the Socratic methodB. A separation of communication from transportationC. The emergence of more centralized nation-states, given that leaders could more easily distribute informationD. The emergence of tribal communities E. None of the above options is correct.
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Which of the following is not considered a consequence of the printing press?A. The rise of the middle classB. The concept of the nation-stateC. An increased sense of community and mutual cooperation D. A decline of religious authorityE. An increase in literacy rates
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Plato wanted to banish which group from ancient Greece because he thought they would undermine oral storytelling?A. Printers B. Poets C. PersiansD. ProphetsE. None of the above options is correct.
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According to the textbook, the mass media have passed through which five historical stages?A. Voice, pen, press, telegraph, computerB. Ancient, medieval, Renaissance, modern, postmodernC. Speech, manuscript, book, image, information D. Face-to-face, local, regional, national, global E. Oral, written, print, electronic, digital
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__________are the cultural industries that help circulate the values that link individuals to their society.A. Modern technologiesB. Oral communicationsC. Illuminated manuscriptsD. Mass mediaE. Communities
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The textbook contends that many forms of media and culture cannot accurately be described using binary terms such as liberal and conservativeor high cultureand low culture.
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Postmodern culture questions the value of scientific reasoning and rational thought for solving society's problems.
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Critics contend that postmodern style borrows too heavily from other eras and devalues originality.
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Populism tries to appeal to elite people by highlighting the differences between them and the ordinary people.
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Modern artists such as Aldous Huxley (Brave NewWorld) and Charlie Chaplin (Modern Times) predicted a future in which technology would lead to less oppression and more individual freedom.
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Efficiency and individualism are both values of the modern period.
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James Joyce's FinnegansWake challenges readers to decode its complex narrative.
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A high-low vertical hierarchy is a more multidimensional way of looking at culture than viewing culture as a map.
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Lassiewent off the air because children got tired of seeing the same plot every week.
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Most forms of culture demonstrate multiple tendencies; for example, a film could be both conventional and innovative.