Q&A Hero

Q: Jessica approaches a problem in a flexible and spontaneous fashion. Which of the following approaches to thinking does she employ? a) Programmed thinking b) Sensational thinking c) Systemic thinking d) Intuitive thinking

Q: A situation that offers the possibility of a better future if the right steps are taken is called a __________. a) performance threat b) potential problem c) performance opportunity d) future problem

Q: Managers who ignore information that would otherwise signal the presence of a performance threat or opportunity, and who prefer not to make decisions are called: a) problem seekers. b) problem avoiders. c) problem creators. d) problem solvers.

Q: James is a proactive information gatherer and a forward-thinking manager. He is an example of a: a) problem seeker. b) problem avoider. c) problem creator. d) problem solver.

Q: Information competency involves all of the following skills EXCEPT: a) locating appropriate data. b) evaluating data for information potential. c) organizing information. d) analyzing information to make decisions.

Q: A __________ is a situation where something is wrong or likely to be wrong. a) danger b) potential danger c) performance threat d) mistake

Q: Karen, a human resource manager, studies the turnover patterns in her company. She examines the various factors that contribute to the employee turnover and develops effective engagement programs to improve employee loyalty. Which of the following types of competency does this scenario illustrate? a) Information competency b) Analytical competency c) Technological competency d) Financial competency

Q: Which of the following terms refers to the ability to gather and use information to solve problems? a) Problem solving b) Information competency c) Information disbursement d) Inquiring

Q: Identifying and taking action to resolve problems is called __________. a) problem solving b) information competency c) information management d) inquiring

Q: Why do people escalate commitment to failing actions?

Q: List and define the three decision making environments and their relationship to programmed and nonprogrammed decisions.

Q: Define the two types of decision models and relate them to the decision making environments of certainty, risk, and uncertainty as well as to the two types of decisions.

Q: Do you support the classical view of corporate social responsibility? Give reasons.

Q: As a manager of a firm, how would you ensure that your employees are ethical?

Q: Assume that one of your colleagues who is also your friend is responsible for mismanaging company funds. If you are in a situation where you can either save your friend from being fired or save your company from a huge loss that might lead to a massive layoffs, what would you choose? Give reasons.

Q: What is the most critical factor for maintaining ethical behavior in organizations? Explain.

Q: Define cultural relativism and moral absolutism. How do they influence international business ethics?

Q: Different people have different views of what is ethical. Discuss each of the four different philosophical views as alternative approaches to moral reasoning.

Q: What is the relationship between ethics, values, terminal values, and instrumental values?

Q: What does the statement "Something may be legal but unethical" mean?

Q: __________ involves entrepreneurs who take the risk to solve pressing social problems.

Q: __________ is a goal that addresses the rights of present and future generations as co-stakeholders of present-day natural resources.

Q: A(n) __________ exists when corporate social responsibility leads to improved financial performance that leads to more socially responsible actions in the future.

Q: __________ is the obligation of an organization to act in ways that serve both its own interests and the interests of its stakeholders.

Q: __________ include all the people and institutions most directly affected by an organization's performance.

Q: A(n) __________ is a formal statement of values and ethical standards.

Q: __________ highlight the risk from public disclosure of one's actions.

Q: __________ are well-thought-out personal rules and strategies that serve to anchor our ethical decisions and actions.

Q: __________ is the belief that there are universal values that apply to all people.

Q: __________ justice focuses on the fairness of exchanges or transactions.

Q: __________ justice is the degree to which others are treated with dignity and respect.

Q: __________ justice focuses on treating people the same regardless of personal characteristics.

Q: __________ justice focuses on fair application of policies and rules.

Q: The __________ view of moral reasoning considers whether people are treated impartially and fairly according to legal rules and standards.

Q: The underlying beliefs and attitudes that help to determine individual behavior are known as __________.

Q: __________ is what we accept to be "right" or "good" in the context of a governing moral code.

Q: __________ is defined as the code of moral principles that sets standards of conduct.

Q: The highest level of social performance comes through the satisfaction of economic responsibility.

Q: The idea that the role of business is solely to maximize profits and shareholder value represents the classical view of corporate social responsibility.

Q: To increase the power and visibility of ethics codes, some companies have new employees sign an agreement to follow the code as a condition of employment.

Q: The main reason for the actions of whistleblowers is the praise and recognition that they receive from the companies in which they uncover unethical practices.

Q: Moral managers consider the ethical implications of their actions as a part of their normal approach to work.

Q: The reason managers have such a large share of the responsibility for maintaining ethical behavior is due to their power and ability to set the tone for the organization.

Q: Ethical dilemmas often arise out of the conflicting desires of managers, employees, and customers.

Q: Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations, states that everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression.

Q: Values tend to be quite flexible within individuals; therefore, employees can be trained to hold certain values.

Q: __________ is a form of progress which makes use of natural resources to meet today's needs while also preserving and protecting the environment for future generations. a) Abundant consumerism b) Protectionist business c) Sustainable development d) Environmental capitalization

Q: The highest level of social performance comes through the satisfaction of _______ responsibility. a) economic b) legal c) ethical d) discretionary

Q: An organization meets its __________ responsibility when its actions voluntarily conform not only to legal expectations but also to the broader values and moral expectations of society. a) economic b) religious c) ethical d) discretionary

Q: __________ responsibility is fulfilled when an organization earns a profit through the provision of goods and services desired by customers. a) Economic b) Legal c) Ethical d) Discretionary

Q: The __________ view of corporate social responsibility is that business should focus on making valuable contributions to society, not just making profits. a) socioeconomic b) legal c) classical d) entrepreneurial

Q: Graham, the CEO of Fleur Inc., a paper manufacturing company, prescribes to the classical view of corporate social responsibility. He is most likely to state that: a) the sole purpose of the management should be to improve the quality of the company's products. b) the management should be responsible for the development of the society where the company operates. c). the management should be accountable for protecting the environment. d) the sole purpose of the management should be to maximize profits.

Q: Your roommate argues that businesses should focus on the pursuit of profits. Your roommate is prescribing to the __________ view of corporate social responsibility. a) socioeconomic b) legal c) classical d) entrepreneurial

Q: Which of the following refers to the obligation of an organization to its stakeholders as well as its own interests? a) Altruism b) Corporate social responsibility c) Philanthropy d) Corporate interest

Q: All the people and institutions directly affected by a firm are collectively called its __________. a) stock holders b) general partners c) interested parties d) stakeholders

Q: Many companies are developing a formal statement of values and standards called a __________. a) statement of values b) corporate beliefs statement c) corporate values statement d) code of ethics

Q: John is a middle manager. He chooses to stay out of ethical issues because "they are too messy." John is a(n) __________ manager. a) moral b) amoral c) immoral d) Theory X

Q: Jason, a manager, chooses to behave unethically. Jason can be described as a(n) ____ manager. a) moral b) amoral c) immoral d) Theory X

Q: A(n) __________ manager fails to consider ethics. a) moral b) amoral c) immoral d) Theory X

Q: Which of the following statements is true of whistleblowers? a) Unfortunately, whistleblowers are never successful in making a difference. b) Whistleblowers are subjected to harassment, but fortunately, the law always protects them. c) Whistleblowers are eager to act. d) Whistleblowers often face dire consequences in the context of their careers.

Q: Sherron Watkins, an employee at Enron, exposed the corporate financial scandal at company. Sherron is a __________. a) government accountant b) whistleblower c) person of poor ethical judgment d) bad employee

Q: Someone who exposes unethical behaviors of other people, often that of senior management, is a __________. a) tattle tail b) whistleblower c) disloyal person d) bad employee

Q: What is the second step in dealing with ethical dilemmas? a) Decide which option to follow. b) Recognize the ethical dilemma. c) Get the facts. d) Identify your options.

Q: Someone in the __________ stage of moral development is likely to make decisions based on social norms, meeting the expectations of others, and living up to agreed-upon obligations. a) preconventional b) conventional c) postconventional d) nonconventional

Q: The postconventional stage in Kohlberg's three levels of moral development is based on __________ behavior. a) social-centered b) self-centered c) non-centered d) principle-centered

Q: The conventional stage in Kohlberg's three levels of moral development is based on __________ behavior. a) social-centered b) self-centered c) non-centered d) principle

Q: In Kohlberg's three levels of moral development, the preconventional stage is based on __________ behavior. a) social-centered b) self-centered c) non-centered d) principle

Q: Which of the following refer to well-thought-out personal rules and strategies for ethical behavior? a) Ethical dilemmas b) Ethical decisions c) Ethical frameworks d) Unethical behaviors

Q: The view "No one will ever know about it" is a way of __________ unethical behavior. a) eliminating b) dismissing c) acknowledging d) rationalizing

Q: Which of the following is an example of the unethical practice of discrimination at work? a) Denying people a promotion because of their race or religion b) Taking bribes in return for making decisions favorable to another person c) Misusing privileged information about customers d) Using official stationery to send requests to community organizations

Q: The __________ ethical position is most closely associated with ethical imperialism. a) social universalist b) moral absolutism c) moral right d) distributive justice

Q: Abby's manager has asked her to do something that strongly violates her personal values. Abby is most likely facing an: a) impossible situation. b) immoral judgment. c) instant crisis. d) ethical dilemma.

Q: The term __________ refers to a situation that might be unethical but offers potential benefits. a) ethical dilemma b) imperial relativism c) moral rights d) interactional justice

Q: Common situations for unethical behavior at work include all of the following EXCEPT: a) discrimination. b) sexual harassment. c) moral absolutism. d) conflicts of interest. .

Q: If you are going on an international trip and your parents tell you "Don"t do anything that you would not do at home," you are being told to practice ___________. a) moral rights b) moral absolutism c) ethical imperialism d) cultural relativism

Q: Rajesh has recently migrated from India to Germany. He argues that bribery is an acceptable practice for getting things done in his country and that it works. Hence, he argues that such cultural values must be adopted by all countries to get things done. Which of the following ethical practices is exhibited by Rajesh's behavior? a) Moral rights b) Moral absolutism c) Ethical imperialism d) Cultural relativism

Q: Which of the following terms best describes an attempt by one culture to impose its values on another culture? a) Moral rights b) Moral absolutism c) Ethical imperialism d) Cultural relativism

Q: The phrase "when in Rome, do as the Romans do" reflects the ethical position of __________. a) individualism b) moral absolutism c) distributive justice d) cultural relativism

Q: Reena has always believed that there is no single right way to behave and that ethical behavior is dependent on the specific cultural context. Which of the following ethical positions is Reena most likely to support? a) Cultural relativism b) Universalism c) Ethical imperialism d) Procedural rights

Q: Which of the following concepts suggests that there is no one right way to behave and ethical behavior is always is always dependent on cultural context? a) Procedural rights b) Universalism c) Ethical imperialism d) Cultural relativism