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Q:
The implementation phase of decision making involves carrying out the chosen solution, monitoring the results, and making adjustments as necessary.
Q:
Model management is used within IS to manage "perfect" or "model" databases.
Q:
Data management and model management are both used in decision support systems.
Q:
Geographic information systems are a type of artificial intelligence.
Q:
An expert system can be used for medical diagnosis by giving symptoms and trying to determine what is wrong.
Q:
Expert systems are adaptive systems that work independently, carrying out specific, repetitive, or predicable tasks.
Q:
Fuzzy logic works like the human brain in that it needs precise facts to process information.
Q:
An expert system is also called a knowledge-based system.
Q:
A genetic algorithm follows a trial and error approach.
Q:
An expert system is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion.
Q:
An expert system is fundamentally the same as a DSS.
Q:
If an expert system recognizes a new pattern it can set up a rule based on it.
Q:
A neural network is an artificial intelligence system that is capable of finding and differentiating patterns.
Q:
A genetic algorithm is a neural network that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem.
Q:
There are four types of intelligent agents. Which of the following is not considered one of these types?
A.Reporting agent
B.Information agent
C.Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
D.User or personal agent
Q:
A structured decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a specified way so that you will always get the right answer. No "feel" or intuition is necessary.
Q:
Which intelligent agent searches for information of some kind and brings it back to the user?
A.Information agent
B.Reporting agent
C.User agent
D.Predictive agent
Q:
A recurring decision is one that happens repeatedly, and often periodically, whether weekly, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
Q:
If your Internet business helped customers find the right product for their needs and then suggested other products based on the information you've gathered on this customer and similar customers, what intelligent agent would you be using?
A.Data-mining agent
B.User agent
C.Predictive agent
D.Shopping bot
Q:
A recurring decision is one that you make infrequently and you may even have different criteria for determining the best solution each time.
Q:
Shopping bots often make money for a business by charging click-through fees. What is the potential problem with this type fee structure?
A.If is often difficult to identify the shopper who should be charged the fee
B.Shoppers often use the bot to locate items but drop it before purchasing them. The shopper then returns and purchases the item without the use of the bot and, therefore, avoids the fee
C.Buyers often alienate potential customers with a fee-based shopping tool
D.The bots have conflicting goals; one, to make money and two, to be useful to the customer
Q:
Most decisions fall somewhere between structured and nonstructured.
Q:
What type of predictive agent continually observes changes in information and events and reports its findings back to the user?
A.Shopping bot
B.Data-mining agent
C.Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
D.Personal agent
Q:
A decision support system (DSS) is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that is designed to support decision making when the problem is not structured.
Q:
When NASA uses intelligent agents to observe inventory levels and help identify and solve potential problems, NASA is using a(n) _____ agent.
A.User
B.Data-mining
C.Monitoring-and-surveillance
D.Reporting
Q:
A geographic information system (GIS) is a decision support system designed specifically to work with spatial information.
Q:
What type of intelligent agent operates in a data warehouse discovering information?
A.Data-mining agent
B.Predictive agent
C.Reporting agent
D.Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
Q:
Spatial information is any information that can be shown in its original form.
Q:
Which type of intelligent agent works with neural networks to classify patterns in information stored in warehouses and categorizes items into those classes?
A.Predictive agents
B.Data-mining agent
C.Neural agent
D.Digging agent
Q:
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science of making humans imitate computer thinking and behavior.
Q:
Which type of intelligent agent works for you to complete tasks such as prioritizing email?
A.Predictive agent
B.Neural agent
C.Communications agent
D.User agent
Q:
What type of science studies ecosystems and learns how to adapt the behaviors of intelligent agents based on these observations?
A.Behavioral
B.Psychology
C.Biomimicry
D.Sociology
Q:
What is agent-based modeling?
A.Identifying patterns of user's behaviors and buying habits
B.Simulating human organizations using a multi-agent system
C.Observing and analyzing competitor information and the environmental factors influencing their behavior
D.Building algorithms that monitor, and react to, your business partners' service and product needs
Q:
What type of intelligence is based on the collective behavior of groups of simple agents and how these groups work to solve complex and mutual problems?
A.Group intelligence
B.Social intelligence
C.Swarm intelligence
D.Crowd behavior
Q:
What type of intelligence gives us a way to examine collective systems where groups of individuals have certain goals, solve problems, and make decisions without centralized control or a common plan?A.Group intelligenceB.Social intelligenceC.Crowd behaviorD.Swarm intelligence
Q:
The intelligence phase of decision making finds or recognizes a problem, need, or opportunity.
Q:
The choice phase of decision making considers ways to solve problems, fill needs, or take advantage of opportunities.
Q:
What type of artificial intelligent system assists you, or acts on your behalf, in performing repetitive computer-related tasks such as finding information of interest from the Web?
A.Intelligent agent
B.Virtual robot
C.Personal nanonyte
D.I-Ambassador
Q:
The four phases of decision making are linear and once one phase is complete it is not returned to.
Q:
What can't an expert system do?
A.Learn from previous experiences the way humans can
B.Provide new information
C.Provide consistency in decision making
D.Reduce errors
Q:
What type of system is known for finding and differentiating patterns?
A.Neural networks
B.Expert systems
C.Geographic information systems
D.Decision support systems
Q:
Which type of system can learn by example and adapt to new concepts and knowledge?
A.Geographic information systems
B.Decision support systems
C.Neural networks
D.Expert systems
Q:
If you were using your PDA and it was analyzing and reacting to a word you wrote on the pad, what type of system would you be using?
A.Handwriting analysis
B.Expert system
C.Neural network
D.Knowledge management
Q:
What type of system is often referred to as a predictive system because it sees patterns in vast amounts of information?
A.Decision support system
B.Neural network
C.Geographic information system
D.Knowledge management system
Q:
If you were to shop regularly at a clothing store and this store provided you with regular discounts on clothes because it recognized you as a valuable customer, this store would be employing what type of software?
A.Expert systems
B.Neural network
C.Geographic information system
D.Database management system
Q:
Which type of system can learn and adjust to new circumstances by themselves?
A.Database management system
B.Expert systems
C.Geographical systems
D.Neural networks
Q:
What is the biggest problem with neural networks?
A.They cannot acquire new knowledge
B.They cannot adjust to new circumstances without human intervention
C.They cannot handle unstructured information
D.Hidden layers are "hidden"
Q:
What is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information?
A.Fuzzy logic
B.Statistical analysis
C.Algorithms
D.Knowledge analysis
Q:
Which of the following is the science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior?
A.Artificial intelligence
B.Database management
C.Machine intelligence
D.Swarm management
Q:
What are computer rules and processes called?
A.Algorithms
B.Fuzzy logic
C.Knowledge
D.Heuristics
Q:
Which of the following is not considered a type of artificial intelligence?
A.Expert systems
B.Neural networks
C.Geographic information systems
D.Genetic algorithms
Q:
Which type of artificial intelligent system mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem?
A.Fuzzy logic
B.Genetic algorithm
C.Intelligent database management systems (I-DBMS)
D.Expert system
Q:
Which of the following is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion?
A.Database management
B.Geographic information systems
C.Domain analysis information system
D.Expert system
Q:
Which of the following is an optimizing system; one that continues to process your information until it discovers the best solution for your problem?
A.Expert system
B.Intelligent database management system (I-DBMS)
C.Genetic algorithm
D.Artificial intelligent synthesis system (AISS)
Q:
A(n) _____ system, also known as a knowledge-based system, is an excellent tool for diagnosing problems and providing answers to these problems.
A.Expert
B.Database management
C.Domain analysis information
D.Geographic information
Q:
Genetic algorithms use three concepts to solve problems. Which of the following is not one of these three concepts?
A.Selection
B.Crossover
C.Synthesis
D.Mutation
Q:
What must you have before you can effectively use a DSS?
A.Fast and ample bandwidth
B.Considerable knowledge or expertise
C.Powerful systems capable of manipulating large amounts of information
D.Programming knowledge
Q:
If you needed to analyze a problem, for instance, the type of career path you wished to follow, and there were hundreds if not thousands of different possibilities (e.g., geographical area, industry, salary), what type of system could you employ to find the best career for you?
A.Artificial intelligent synthesis system (AISS)
B.Genetic algorithm
C.Intelligent database management systems (I-DBMS)
D.Neural network
Q:
What is the difference between a decision support system (DSS) and an expert system (ES)?
A.A DSS supports the novice users; an ES supports the analyst or expert
B.The DSS requires considerable knowledge from the user; the ES provides considerable knowledge to the user
C.The ES requires considerable storage space for the needed information; the DSS does not
D.The DSS requires rules or domain knowledge; the ESS requires business models
Q:
What is the difference between an expert system and a genetic algorithm?
A.An expert system uses a genetic algorithm to assist in understanding the problem
B.An expert system provides more accurate solutions that a genetic algorithm
C.A genetic algorithm provides you with the best solution; an expert system provides you with many solutions along with the confidence level for each possible solution
D.Expert systems belong in the category of artificial intelligence; genetic algorithms work with large database and warehouse systems that are not considered artificially intelligent
Q:
An expert system is capable of all but which of the following?
A.Handling massive amounts of information
B.Providing conclusive answers
C.Summarizing information from various sources
D.Working with rules
Q:
Which DSS component stores and maintains the information you want your DSS to use?
A.Query management
B.Data administration
C.Model management
D.Data management
Q:
Which type of information is not found in a DSS?
A.Organizational information
B.Confidence levels
C.External information
D.Personal information
Q:
Which DSS component allows you to communicate with the DSS?
A.Query management
B.User interface management
C.Data administration
D.Data management
Q:
Which type of DSS allows you to analyze spatial information?
A.Geographic information system
B.Model information system
C.Expert system
D.Multidimensional information system
Q:
If you needed to analyze the bear population in New Jersey and their interactions with humans located in towns and cities, what type of computer application should you use?
A.Model management
B.Expert system
C.Geographic information system
D.Multidimensional information system
Q:
When you make a choice that may not necessarily be the best choice but it meets your needs, you're making a(n) _____ choice.
A.Satisficing
B.Compromising
C.Suitable
D.Strategic
Q:
What is a geographic information system's major strength?
A.The ability to layer information quickly
B.Expert knowledge
C.Swarm intelligence
D.Fuzzy logic
Q:
There are four main types of decisions. Which one represents decisions that always have a right answer?
A.Recurring
B.Ad hoc
C.Defined
D.Structured
Q:
What is the term used when businesses employ GIS software to generate maps showing information of interest to them?
A.Business geography
B.Topography
C.Business mapping
D.Spatial analysis
Q:
There are four main types of decisions. Which one occurs on a regular basis?
A.Ad hoc
B.Recurring
C.Structured
D.Defined
Q:
Law enforcement agencies that use computer applications to plan and deploy its police force probably use _____ systems.
A.Geographic information
B.Database management systems
C.Crossover intelligent
D.Biomimicry
Q:
Which of the four types of decisions occur sporadically, perhaps only once?
A.Structured
B.Nonrecurring or ad hoc
C.Nonstructured
D.Impromptu
Q:
What is a mashup?
A.A collision of information that causes information systems to freeze
B.A design mockup that demonstrates the interaction of different information systems
C.A combination of information and applications originating from different sources being displayed on one computer screen
D.A representation of some event, fact, or situation that displays business relationships
Q:
If you were making a decision involving "fuzzy logic" what type of decision would you be making?
A.Nonstructured
B.Ad hoc
C.Controlled
D.Muddled
Q:
In business and in life, where do most decisions fit into?
A.Recurring but fuzzy
B.Ad hoc
C.Between structured and unstructured
D.Muddled
Q:
What type of information system is built to support decisions based on problems that are not structured?
A.Database management systems
B.Operational systems
C.Decision support systems
D.Statistical information systems
Q:
What is the purpose of a decision support system?
A.To relieve you of making structured, recurring decisions
B.To assist you with making decisions
C.To mine data warehouses and locate needed information so that you can make a decision
D.To help diagnose problems in your organization and, possibly, your environment
Q:
A decision support system (DSS) typically has three components. Which of the following is not one of these components?
A.Model management
B.Query management
C.Data management
D.User interface management
Q:
Which DSS component consists of both the DSS models and the DSS model management system?
A.Query management
B.Data management
C.Data administration
D.Model management