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Q:
In the Northern Hemisphere, the ideal collector azimuth angle is 90. a.
True b.
False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Q:
Why can compass needles be misaligned with reference to the true north/south line? a.
Some error is introduced by the time of year. b.
Earths declination angle varies by location on the surface. c.
Earths magnetic field is not always aligned parallel with its polar axis. d.
Earths magnetic field varies with declination angle.
Q:
What is the roof slope angle below which flat-plate collectors are preferred in climates subject to persistent high-moisture snowfall? a.
30 degrees b.
45 degrees c.
50 degrees d.
60 degrees
Q:
Which diagram aids in determining the suns position in the sky? a.
sun path diagram b.
declination angle diagram c.
solar chart d.
position angle chart
Q:
What are two factors that influence instantaneous collector thermal efficiency? a.
intensity of solar radiation and ambient air temperature b.
outlet fluid temperature and ambient air temperature c.
intensity of solar radiation and outlet fluid temperature d.
average yearly amount of solar radiation incident on the collector and average air temperature
Q:
Which classic instrument for determining shading potential was developed in 1978? a.
SolarSpy b.
Shadefinder c.
Solar Pathfinder d.
Sun Eye 210
Q:
With which type of solar collector does the instantaneous thermal efficiency vary the most as the inlet parameter changes? a.
glazed flat-plate collector b.
unglazed pool collector c.
evacuated tube collector d.
glazed and insulated pool collector
Q:
What type of chart is used to obtain the deviation of a magnetic compass needle from true north? a.
isogonic b.
isometric c.
sun path d.
azimuth angle
Q:
What material is commonly used to form absorber strips in flat-plate solar collectors? a.
copper b.
aluminum c.
glass d.
PVC
Q:
Which tool, developed by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, helps visualize the motion of the sun across the sky dome? a.
Sky Pathfinder b.
Motions of the Sun Simulator c.
Azimuth Change Simulator d.
Earths Angle Simulator
Q:
Which instrument measures instantaneous solar radiation intensity? a.
thermometer b.
radiameter c.
pyranometer d.
dynamometer
Q:
What drove the ancient Greeks and Romans to pursue passive solar architecture? a.
need for cooking heat b.
depletion of firewood c.
frequent cloud cover d.
interest in the stars and sun gods
Q:
Approximately when is the vernal equinox? a.
January 20 b.
March 20 c.
June 21 d.
September 21
Q:
Which is NOT a unit of surface total radiation? a.
kWh/m2/day b.
Btu/ft2/day c.
kWh/m/day d.
Btu/ft2/month
Q:
The first use of solar energy for domestic water heating took place in the ____. a.
1750 b.
early 1800s c.
late 1800s d.
mid-1900s
Q:
At what time of day is the sun highest in the sky and directly above a true north/south line? a.
noon b.
solar noon c.
summer solstice d.
summer equinox
Q:
Solar collectors cannot use infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths because they are diffuse. a.
True b.
False
Q:
Which is NOT a type of solar radiation? a.
infrared b.
direct c.
diffuse d.
inclined
Q:
The intensity of solar radiation remains constant outside Earths atmosphere. a.
True b.
False
Q:
Most solar collectors use glass with low iron oxide content for their glazing. a.
True b.
False
Q:
What are the two major subassemblies within a relay? a.
spring and contacts b.
coil and contacts c.
coil and spring d.
pendulum and terminals
Q:
Which of these is a common type of solid-state sensing element? a.
positive temperature coefficient thermistor b.
negative temperature coefficient thermistor c.
k-type thermocouple d.
j-type thermocouple
Q:
Which type of control is typically used with a room thermostat? a.
on/off control b.
floating control c.
modulating DC output control d.
differential control
Q:
Which type of relay contact will allow the signal to pass when the coil is off? a.
normally closed b.
normally open c.
center-off d.
center-on
Q:
Which heat emitter typically has the highest thermal mass? a.
cast-iron radiator b.
four-inch concrete slab c.
radiant ceiling panel d.
tube and plate floor
Q:
What is an example of a modulating DC output signal? a.
an on/off signal b.
a digital signal c.
2 to 10 volts DC d.
2 to 10 volts AC
Q:
In which situation would radiant wall panels be preferable to radiant floor panels? a.
finish flooring with high thermal resistance b.
finish flooring with low thermal resistance c.
if the floor and wall surfaces are not compatible with contact adhesive d.
if the flooring is painted
Q:
Which term describes the number of independent, simultaneous electrical paths through a switch? a.
throws b.
lines c.
rungs d.
poles
Q:
In which system is air pulled through a heat exchanger by a blower? a.
conduction fan coil b.
forced fan coil c.
blow-through fan coil d.
draw-through fan coil
Q:
Which time delay relay operating mode prevents contacts from moving until the specified delay period has elapsed from when the input signal is turned on? a.
delay-on-break b.
delay-on-make c.
interval timing d.
repeat cycle
Q:
What type of tubing is typically used in heated thin slabs? a.
steel b.
copper c.
PEX or PEX-AL-PEX d.
PVC
Q:
In which type of control is the rate of heat delivery modified with changes in outdoor temperature? a.
variable control b.
on/off control c.
outdoor floating control d.
outdoor reset control
Q:
What is the maximum recommended resistance of finish flooring when a renewable energy source is used in a heated slab-on-grade floor system? a.
R-value 0.2 b.
R-value 0.5 c.
R-value 1.0 d.
R-value 1.5
Q:
Which term best describes the actual variation in the controlled variable as the system operates? a.
control differential b.
operating differential c.
exact differential d.
overshoot
Q:
Which statement best describes the water temperature as it passes through fin-tube baseboard? a.
The water temperature continually drops. b.
The water temperature continually increases. c.
It depends on the mounting orientation of the unit. d.
It depends on the temperature of the incoming water.
Q:
Which is the most accurate approach to heat metering? a.
determining the heat load and periodically adjusting the reset ratio b.
setting the on/off differential to a relatively large value c.
measuring instantaneous values of flow rate, temperature, and fluid properties and integrating them d.
estimating flow rate while measuring temperature to allow a quick response to temperature changes
Q:
What is NOT a typical application of hydronic radiant panel heating? a.
floor heating b.
wall heating c.
ceiling heating d.
water heating
Q:
Which type of control is most typically used with 3-way mixing valves that have an electronically controlled mixing assembly? a.
on/off control b.
floating control c.
mixing proportional control d.
no control is necessary with this type of valve
Q:
A nonlinear relationship between heat output and flow rate represents a more challenging design condition than a linear relationship. a.
True b.
False
Q:
Strong inductive loads can produce what undesirable condition in a sensor circuit? a.
electrical noise b.
cavitation c.
short cycling d.
overshoot
Q:
Varying either water temperature or flow rate are two primary methods of controlling the heat output of hydronic heat emitters. a.
True b.
False
Q:
Where is the line voltage section represented on a ladder diagram? a.
at the top b.
at the bottom c.
on the left side d.
on the right side
Q:
Temperature sensors mounted to the external surface of a pipe should not be insulated so as to provide accurate temperature measurements. a.
True b.
False
Q:
Building orientation could not be determined before the advent of detailed satellite imaging. a.
True b.
False
Q:
Oversizing a modulating heat source relative to the design heating load will minimize short cycling. a.
True b.
False
Q:
The reset ratio for a given system depends on the temperature units chosen. a.
True b.
False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Q:
Which type of valve routs flow through different parts of a system depending on its current operating mode? a.
3-way mixing valve b.
3-way diverting valve c.
port valve d.
backflow preventer
Q:
Above-floor tube and plate panels typically operate at what water temperature? a.
higher compared to slab systems b.
lower compared to slab systems c.
about the same as slab systems d.
a wider range of water temperatures than slab systems
Q:
What is the primary function of a hydronic mixing valve? a.
to raise water temperature coming from the heat source b.
to lower water temperature coming from the heat source c.
to mix two system fluids d.
to regulate flow rates between different zones of a system
Q:
What is the first step in sizing parallel-piped baseboards? a.
Select a supply water temperature. b.
Estimate the flow rate in each circuit. c.
Determine the design heating load for each baseboard. d.
Estimate the heat output of the baseboard.
Q:
What is the first step in selecting a circulator for a fluid-filled circuit? a.
Determine the desired system flow rate based on thermal and flow requirements of the heat emitters. b.
Use the system loss curve to determine the head loss of the system. c.
Research the coefficient of performance of the pump. d.
Select a circulator that delivers ten percent more head than required.
Q:
Which of these measures thermal efficiency in a water-to-water heat pump operating in heating mode? a.
coefficient of heat flow b.
coefficient of thermal mass c.
coefficient of efficiency d.
coefficient of performance
Q:
How does an operating circulator affect the head energy as fluid passes through? a.
It increases the head energy of the fluid. b.
It decreases the head energy of the fluid. c.
It transfers the head energy from the fluid to the heat emitter. d.
The head energy of the fluid does not change.
Q:
What is EN442? a.
a standard method for establishing the coefficient of performance of a fin-tube radiator b.
a standard method for determining heat output of panel radiators c.
a standard method for determining spacing of slab-on-grade radiant heating d.
a standard method for determining required baseboard length for a given heat output
Q:
Ideally, when should air be eliminated in a closed-loop, fluid-filled circuit? a.
before startup b.
shortly after startup c.
at regular intervals during the life of the system d.
never
Q:
What is the primary function of a feedwater valve? a.
to lower water pressure as it enters the system from a domestic water distribution pipe b.
to increase water pressure as it enters the system from a domestic water distribution pipe c.
to allow air to exit the system d.
to increase water temperature as it enters the system
Q:
What variable is typically plotted on the x-axis (horizontal axis) of a circulator pump curve? a.
pump curve family b.
pressure c.
flow rate d.
temperature
Q:
With conventional boilers, sustained flue gas condensation is an undesirable condition. a.
True b.
False
Q:
What is the ideal approach temperature difference in a brazed-plate heat exchanger? a.
zero b.
ten degrees c.
twenty degrees d.
the maximum that can be achieved
Q:
The degree of hydraulic separation between two operating circulators depends on the head loss in the common piping. a.
True b.
False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Q:
All renewable energy heat sources function at higher thermal efficiency when matched with high-water-temperature heat emitters. a.
True b.
False
Q:
What conditions describe the operating point of a hydraulic circuit? a.
the condition just below hydraulic equilibrium on the pump curve b.
the rate at which the circulator adds head equals the piping head loss rate c.
where the inlet and outlet water temperatures are identical d.
the rate at which the circulator adds head is slightly greater than the piping head loss rate
Q:
Most panel radiators have a high thermal mass. a.
True b.
False
Q:
What happens with air as heated water is cooled? a.
Air molecules rise out of the solution. b.
Air molecules are absorbed back into the solution. c.
The number of air molecules in the solution remains the same. d.
The air molecules change phase.
Q:
A parallel distribution system is generally preferred to a series distribution system when low supply water temperatures are used. a.
True b.
False
Q:
What cools the motor of a wet-rotor circulator? a.
oil b.
external water source c.
cooling fan d.
the systems fluid
Q:
Steel panel radiators should only be used in closed-loop systems. a.
True b.
False
Q:
How do brazed-plate heat exchangers work? a.
Two fluids flowing in the same direction exchange heat as they pass by each other. b.
Heat is transferred by conduction through the copper, brazed areas. c.
Heat is transferred by mixing two fluids. d.
Heat is transferred in the small spaces between formed plates.
Q:
A minimum tube spacing of 15 inches is recommended for heated slab-on-grade floors. a.
True b.
False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Q:
Which is the standard size for copper water tubes used in hydronic heating systems? a.
type M b.
type K c.
type L d.
type D
Q:
Which best describes the experience of walking barefoot on heated floors in a low-energy use building? a.
The floor feels slightly warm. b.
The floor feels slightly cool. c.
The floor feels hot, but cools very quickly when coming in contact with the skin. d.
The floor feels about the same as walking on a carpet or rug.
Q:
In a condensing boiler, where does the condensation occur? a.
in the combustion chamber b.
in the primary heat exchanger c.
in the secondary heat exchanger d.
at the water inlet
Q:
The thermal mass of a heated slab-on-grade floor is best described as ____. a.
high relative to other hydronic heating emitters b.
low relative to other hydronic heating emitters c.
about the same as most other hydronic heating emitters d.
dependent on the type of soil beneath the floor
Q:
What is the best description of the operation of a microbubble air separator? a.
It creates areas of reduced pressure using a coalescing media. b.
It creates areas of increased pressure using a coalescing media. c.
It uses a float-type air vent to allow air to escape naturally. d.
It consolidates small bubbles into large ones by narrowing the length of the pipe.
Q:
For standard fin-tube baseboard, what is the preferred energy source? a.
a solar collector b.
a high-temperature boiler c.
a low-temperature boiler d.
any renewable energy source
Q:
What measurement is directly proportional to the R-value of a material? a.
surface area of the material b.
length of the material c.
thickness of the material d.
orientation of the material
Q:
What term best describes the heat absorbed or released by a material while it remains in a single phase? a.
sensible heat b.
latent heat c.
single-phase heat d.
head
Q:
An air separator should be located at the point in the system where fluid temperatures are lowest. a.
True b.
False
Q:
What term best describes the change in density of a system fluid? a.
head b.
latent heat c.
stratification d.
coalescence
Q:
A hydronic system in which fluid is exposed to the atmosphere is an open-loop system. a.
True b.
False