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Q:
Discuss how speeches are evaluated. Explain the advantages of a critical analysis.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true of speaking notes?
a. They are word-for-word reproduction of the speech outline.
b. They are written in small letters so as to fit as much material on your note cards as possible.
c. They contain the fewest words possible.
d. They can be used in impromptu speeches.
Q:
Hearing and listening are synonymous with each other.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The _____ is the surge of anxiety we feel as we begin delivering a speech.
a. anticipation phase
b. confrontation phase
c. adaptation phase
d. orientation phase
Q:
_____ refers to seeing a speech situation as an opportunity to talk with a number of people about a topic that is important to the speaker and to them.
a. Visualization
b. A communication orientation
c. A performance orientation
d. Systematic desensitization
Q:
In the context of managing public speaking apprehension, the process of systematic desensitization starts with:
a. consciously tensing and relaxing muscle groups.
b. replacing negative self-talk with positive self-talk.
c. developing positive coping statements.
d. making an audience analysis.
Q:
Leah is anxious about giving her first violin recital in front of a large audience. In order to manage her apprehension, she first imagines playing alone in her room in a relaxed state. With the same calmness, she imagines performing in front of her roommate, in a public park in front of a few strangers. On the day of her recital she transfers all the calmness she attained during practice to her actual recital. In this scenario, Leah is involved in:
a. performing motivated movement.
b. systematic desensitization.
c. cognitive restructuring.
d. delivering an impromptu speech.
Q:
Cognitive restructuring helps us reduce anxiety by:
a. developing a mental picture of ourselves giving a masterful speech.
b. replacing anxiety-arousing negative self-talk with anxiety-reducing positive self-talk.
c. gradually engaging in increasingly more frightening speaking events while remaining in a relaxed state.
d. motivating us to adopt a communication rather than performance orientation toward speeches.
Q:
Simon is preparing to give a speech. He wants his speech to be conversational. In this scenario, which of the following strategies should be adopted by Simon?
a. He should maintain an upright stance while speaking.
b. He should make his audience know that he has thoroughly memorized his speech.
c. He should engage in the process of creating audience contact.
d. He should look at and read from whatever is written in his manuscript.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true of an impromptu speech?
a. This type of speech is used in political speeches and keynote addresses.
b. An outline of key words and phrases is used as a point of reference.
c. Speaker may leave out important information or confuse audience members.
d. It requires a lengthy preparation process prior to the speech.
Q:
Maria is a well-known celebrity. At an award ceremony, she was interviewed by journalists and reporters. Even though she had no time to prepare, she responded their questions with witty statements. In this scenario, Marias interview is an example of a(n) _____.
a. extemporaneous speech
b. manuscript speech
c. impromptu speech
d. scripted speech
Q:
A(n) _____ is one that is researched and planned ahead of time, but the exact wording is not scripted and will vary somewhat from presentation to presentation.
a. extemporaneous speech
b. impromptu speech
c. memorized speech
d. manuscript speech
Q:
Jason has to deliver a speech on global warming to approximately 50 people. He has conducted detailed research on global warming and the factors affecting it, and he plans to use speaking notes to recollect key ideas and citations. Given this information, it can be inferred that Jasons speech will most likely be a(n) _____.
a. impromptu speech
b. scripted speech
c. extemporaneous speech
d. small-group speech
Q:
Public speaking apprehension is the level of fear we experience when anticipating or actually speaking to an audience.
a. True
b. False
Q:
While giving a speech, Beatrice used pauses strategically, spoke loud enough for everyone to hear, and used a perfect tone. However, she spoke too fast for her audience to be able to understand a few of her more complex ideas. . In this scenario, Beatrice should moderate her _____ of speech to improve intelligibility.
a. rate
b. pitch
c. volume
d. tone
Q:
Delivery is how a message is communicated orally and visually through the use of voice and body.
a. True
b. False
Q:
_____ are defined as moments of silence strategically used to enhance meaning.
a. Postures
b. Facial expressions
c. Gestures
d. Pauses
Q:
A monotone is achieved by changing pitch, volume, and rate; stressing certain words; and using pauses strategically.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Lucas is delivering a speech on the recent developments in robotics. He has prepared well for his topic and wants to maintain effective body language. In this scenario, which of the following strategies should be followed by Lucas?
a. He should adopt mannerisms such as jiggling the change in his pocket or smacking his tongue.
b. He should dress very casually as it will make him look friendly.
c. He should avoid using motivated movements in his speech.
d. He should avoid wearing jewellery or anything that will distract his audience.
Q:
Speaking notes do not include cues about delivery.
a. True
b. False
Q:
When giving a public speech, a sense of confidence is communicated when the speaker:
a. maintains an upright stance and squared shoulders.
b. slouches his or her shoulders forward with hands in pocket.
c. sways from side to side.
d. scratches the nose, hand, or arm.
Q:
Evaluating speeches benefits the speaker but not the critic.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following statements is true of effective facial expressions?
a. They can help in animating a speech.
b. They have a limited influence on an audiences perception of a speaker.
c. They hinder nonverbal immediacy of a speaker.
d. They signal a speakers nervousness.
Q:
The _____ is the anxiety we experience before giving a speech.
a. anticipation phase
b. confrontation phase
c. adaptation phase
d. orientation phase
Q:
Stonewalling sends a(n) __________ message to the other person.
a. assertive message
b. confirming
c. disagreeing
d. disconfirming
e. competing
Q:
In a survey of conflict views of college men and women, women were described as being
a. more concerned with maintaining the relationship during a conflict.
b. more concerned with power in the conflict.
c. more interested in the content of the conflict.
d. more ego-involved in the conflict than men.
e. All of these answers are correct.
Q:
In high-context, collectivist countries, avoidance and accommodation are considered positive, appropriate ways to handle conflict.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Compromise is considered a win-win conflict style because each person gets at least some of what they want.
a. True
b. False
Q:
What conflict style to choose should be determined by the style you are most comfortable using.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In a symmetrical conflict style, the partners use different but mutually reinforcing behaviors.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Probably the most important cultural factor in shaping attitudes toward conflict is an orientation toward individualism or collectivism.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Interdependence must exist between two parties in order for a conflict to exist.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A constructive conflict style is rarely used, due in part to people not being aware that it is a viable alternative to a competitive approach.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The win-win approach to conflict resolution requires parties to reach a solution through compromise.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A win-win, collaborative approach might be beneficial, but it isnt very realistic to use due to its detail and complicated structure.
a. True
b. False
Q:
When people express hostility in obscure ways, passive aggression occurs.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Although avoidance of conflict is tempting, your partner is likely to experience more frustration and discomfort than he/she would if you were to face your conflicts in a constructive way.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A full-fledged conflict will not occur unless the individuals involved try to prevent one another from achieving their goals.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Direct aggression is described as physical attacks and swearing, but does not include teasing or nonverbal gestures.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The situation at hand and the behavior of the other person in the conflict are more powerful determinants of a persons conflict style than gender.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Some scholars assert that conflict style is often determined simply by a persons biological makeup.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A conflict can exist even if the parties in conflict are not dependent on each other.
a. True
b. False
Q:
College students who kept diaries of their relationships reported that they took part in about 10 arguments per week.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Avoidance is never an effective conflict style to choose.
a. True
b. False
Q:
An avoiding conflict style reflects the belief that there is no good way to resolve the conflict at hand.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In order for there to be winners, there have to be losers. Discuss this statement by examining an interpersonal conflict in which you have been involved.
Q:
Of the following statements, which most accurately describes the part gender plays in conflict style?
a. Gender is less important in determining conflict style than the behavior of the other person in the conflict.
b. Research indicates that the stereotype of women as passive is nearly 90% accurate.
c. There are virtually no discernible differences between the conflict styles of men and women.
d. When actual behaviors are observed, women are more likely to withdraw from discussion issues than men are.
Q:
Define the term conflict as described in your text. Explain in detail each element of the definition.
Q:
When unhappy couples argue, they
a. use evaluative you language.
b. ignore each others nonverbal relational messages.
c. have minimal empathy for the other.
d. are not problem-oriented.
e. All of these answers are correct.
Q:
Examine the differences between men and women in how they approach conflict. Include research findings as well as your own personal experiences in your discussion.
Q:
The conflict style where one has a low concern for him/herself and a high concern for others is called
a. avoiding.
b. collaborating.
c. compromising.
d. competing
e. accommodating.
Q:
Research has shown that strong marriages manage conflict in constructive ways.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Alicia wanted to see a movie with her friends Friday night, but ended up at a bar since thats where most of the girls wanted to go. Alicia used what conflict style in this situation?
a. avoiding
b. collaborating
c. compromising
d. competing
e. accommodating
Q:
Destructive fights often start because the initiator confronts a partner who isnt ready for a confrontation.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The distinguishing characteristic in win-lose problem solving is
a. passivity.
b. power.
c. aggression.
d. discussion.
e. assertiveness.
Q:
Audra and Alfonso argue and Alfonso storms out of the house. Audra calls Alfonso asking for forgiveness. He returns and they reconcile. Soon they fight again with Alfonso once again leaving. This is an example of a(n)
a. complementary style.
b. symmetrical style.
c. conflict ritual.
d. avoiding style.
e. win-lose.
Q:
When this persons partner brings up a problem, she pretends to be busy with the laundry.
a. mind reader
b. crisis tickler
c. guilt maker
d. pseudoaccommodator
e. avoider
Q:
This person pretends to give in and then continues to act in the same way.
a. mind reader
b. crisis tickler
c. guilt maker
d. pseudoaccommodator
e. avoider
Q:
This person handles conflict by trying to make her partner feel responsible for causing her discomfort.
a. mind reader
b. crisis tickler
c. guilt maker
d. pseudoaccommodator
e. avoider
Q:
This person almost brings whats bothering him to the surface, but never quite comes out and expresses himself.
a. mind reader
b. crisis tickler
c. guilt maker
d. pseudoaccommodator
e. avoider
Q:
Instead of expressing her feelings honestly, this person explains what her partner really means or whats really wrong.
a. mind reader
b. crisis tickler
c. guilt maker
d. pseudoaccommodator
e. avoider
Q:
In the Looking At Diversity reading, James Comey recommends which of the following strategies when working with people from a different cultural background?
a. Face conflict head on, and get to the bottom of any conflicts right away.
b. Slow down and adopt an attitude of curiosity.
c. Show genuine interest in the other person.
d. both b and c
e. none of the above
Q:
Win-win problem solving is seldom used because
a. there is a lack of awareness of it.
b. emotional reflexes prevent constructive solutions.
c. it requires both persons cooperation.
d. win-win problem solving is actually the most used problem-solving style of all.
e. a, b, and c are correct.
Q:
Your text states that compromise hardly deserves the positive image it seems to carry. Describe a time when you compromised to settle a conflict. Did your experience present a more negative or more positive outcome? What is your view of compromise as a conflict resolution outcome?
Q:
In a short essay, defend or refute the following statement: Conflict is a destructive behavior.
Q:
Complementary and symmetrical conflict styles have been shown to produce
a. marriages that got back together after conflict.
b. couples who find other mates while getting divorced.
c. a greater percentage of divorces that are settled amicably.
d. both good results as well as bad ones.
e. divorces that only have the facade of politeness.
Q:
All of the following are true about conflict, except
a. conflict is natural.
b. every relationship of any depth at all has conflict.
c. conflict can be beneficial.
d. people typically have similar conflict styles.
Q:
An uncontrolled, spontaneous explosion, a Vesuvius, is
a. encouraged by your text as a first step to solving conflict.
b. therapeutic when you feel its impossible to be relational and your partner understands what youre doing.
c. a great way of eliminating defensive behaviors by clearing the air.
d. one way to make sure your partner will listen to you.
e. All of these answers are correct.
Q:
When people deliver subtle aggressive messages involving feelings of resentment, anger, or rage that they arent able or willing to express directly, they are engaging in what psychologist George Bach calls
a. defense arousal.
b. nonverbal conflict.
c. pseudo-messages.
d. crazymaking.
e. one-up conflict resolution.
Q:
Conflict rituals are
a. inherently wrong.
b. the best way to solve the variety of conflicts that are part of any relationship.
c. almost always positive.
d. unacknowledged but repeating patterns of dealing with conflict.
e. All of these answers are correct.
Q:
The ownership of a problem almost always belongs to
a. the person who is dissatisfied.
b. the person to whom the complaint is directed.
c. the person with the lowest amount of self-disclosure.
d. the person with the greatest amount of passive aggressive behavior.
e. the most assertive person.
Q:
You and your partners pattern of managing disagreements that repeats itself over time is called your
a. relational conflict style.
b. cognitive dissonance pattern.
c. cognitive dissonance pattern.
d. Vesuvius.
e. assertive message format.
Q:
Studies of different cultures and conflict reveal that
a. assertiveness is valued worldwide.
b. North Americans avoid confrontation more than other cultures studied.
c. individualistic cultures are less assertive than collective ones.
d. the assertiveness appropriate in North America could be perceived as rude and insensitive in collectivist cultures.
e. All of these answers are correct are true.
Q:
One of the best methods to use to describe your problem and needs to a partner during conflict resolution is
a. paraphrasing.
b. perception checking.
c. the assertive message format.
d. high-level abstractions.
e. emotional description.
Q:
Rhonda complains to Collin that shes tired of their weekend routine. Irritated, Collin snaps back that hes tired of her complaining. Their conflict pattern reflects which of the following conflict styles?
a. complementary
b. symmetrical
c. tangential
d. conditional
e. None of these answers are correct
Q:
In order to decide which conflict style you should use, you should consider
a. the situation.
b. the other person.
c. your goals.
d. the relationship.
e. All of these answers are correct.
Q:
Conflict rituals
a. are always damaging.
b. should be replaced with compromise.
c. most often involve avoidance by both of the participants in the conflict.
d. become problems when they are seen as the only way to resolve problems.
e. are defined as ways partners use guilt and intimidation to fight dirty.
Q:
How do defensive behaviors work in the sphere of work relationships? Given your knowledge of Gibbs categories, what advice would you give to a manager?
Q:
At which step in the win-win, collaborative process would you utilize the assertive message format?
a. Identify your problem and unmet needs.
b. Negotiate a solution.
c. Make a date.
d. Describe your problem and needs.
e. Consider your partners point of view.
Q:
Describe a recent incident when you were defensive. Explain which part of your self-concept you were protecting, and describe the consequences of your defensiveness.