Q&A Hero

Q: Among the following, which defines the process for determining health care worker information systems training needs? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. User classes are used to refine the types of training courses needed for system implementation. 2. End-users are identified and grouped by job class responsibilities. 3. Training needs of each job class are determined according to what functions each end-user will perform. 4. Training is delivered based upon what administrators decide to automate first. 5. User class is defined and categorized as the personnel who perform similar functions.

Q: Which of the following are considered steps for identifying training needs? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Identify user needs 2. Determine content 3. Establishing learning objectives 4. Deciding teaching approach 5. Create evaluation strategy

Q: Among the following, which indicate that an organization has identified and is managing human factors in the work environment? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Classroom question and answer periods are regularly kept to a strict limit of five minutes. 2. Tent cards with name and unit of trainees are placed in the classroom at each meeting. 3. Administrators meet with unit supervisors and not staff for fear of intimidating them during the critical implementation phase. 4. A series of noon meetings (lunch provided) called "LunchBytes" are offered for demonstrations and discussion sessions. 5. An article announcing the implementation of the new system and recognizing the staff appears in the local paper.

Q: _________________________ is a process approach that allows for a full range of evaluation tools, technology, and techniques. Standard Text:

Q: A trainer uses the following learning plan: An e-mail push is used for the announcement, a Webinar (Web-based seminar) is used for an overview session, simulations are used for self-paced learning, instant messaging is used for query resolution, a Web meeting is used for demonstration, simulation is used for practice, e-mail is used for feedback, another Webinar is used for a closing session, and a Web-based test is used for evaluation. Identify which training strategy was used for the learning plan. 1. Mixed learning 2. Blended learning 3. Comprehensive learning 4. Flexible learning

Q: Which of the following are specific factors to consider when selecting a training method? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Time required to develop program 2. Cost of development and training 3. Application training strategies 4. Learning styles of trainees 5. Learning retention strategies

Q: Which of the following topics should be included in training class content? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Computer-related policies 2. Access privileges 3. Computer literacy 4. Error correction 5. System idiosyncrasies

Q: Which of the following is not a factor to consider when selecting a trainer? 1. Teaching skills 2. Ability to interact 3. Experience with process outcomes 4. Educational approach

Q: Which of the following factors should be considered when selecting a training site? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Classroom cost 2. Network connectivity 3. Classroom capacity 4. Training environment 5. Cabling and wiring

Q: Implementation of any system can be facilitated by the committee's understanding of the amount of time that is needed to successfully complete the project. To that end, what is an important staffing concept for administration to consider when appointing members to a technology committee? 1. Committee member must equally divide duties to complete tasks. 2. Committee members should meet more than once a week to complete tasks. 3. All member of the committee need a comprehensive technology background. 4. Relevant committee members can be given alternate work assignments to accommodate the increase in committee work.

Q: How should health care student training most efficiently be handled by an institution? 1. Each nursing student receives the same amount of training as the staff nurse on the unit. 2. Practical or vocational nursing students are placed in the user class with LPNs or LVNs to access information and document client care. 3. Students must be trained to provide appropriate clinical information to an assigned staff nurse, who will document client care in the system. 4. Students assess and document client care and medication administration by giving their information to the clinical instructor to input into the system.

Q: Soon after the go-live event, ____________ from the implementation evaluation should be acted on in a timely manner. Standard Text:

Q: The training of students often takes the same amount of time and resources as employee training. Which of the following are the most appropriate uses of the computer system for a nursing student assigned to a cardiac unit? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Order lab tests 2. Document medication administration 3. Document client care 4. Document health assessment findings 5. View test results

Q: A _________________________ is an excellent and low-tech method to solicit feedback after a system has been implemented. Standard Text:

Q: Which of the following statements regarding computer-based training (CBT) are true? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. The accompanying materials require little trainer attention beforehand. 2. Retention is enhanced because technology is used to teach technology. 3. CBT facilitates mastery learning. 4. Vendor-supplied materials require no specific customization. 5. CBT is less costly to develop and revise.

Q: The ongoing maintenance of the technical issues is the role of which of the following departments? 1. Nursing 2. Information services department 3. Computer programmers 4. Vice president of technology

Q: A large portion of ongoing maintenance is related to technical and ____________________ issues. Standard Text:

Q: Which of the following considerations point to the need for a new system? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Poor performance 2. Frequent down times 3. Up to date programming language 4. No vendor support 5. Outmoded technology

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the life cycle? 1. The life cycle has a beginning and an end. 2. The life cycle is ongoing. 3. The life cycle is not relevant to system purchase or upgrades. 4. The life cycle has six distinctive steps.

Q: Which description best fits a work breakdown structure (WBS)? 1. A project planning software program is selected for use by the steering committee to assist in planning needed changes. 2. The implementation committee learns about the capabilities of a new wireless system. 3. A timeline is developed to determine who will do necessary tasks for the implementation of each project phase. 4. A committee is formed to guide the implementation of a new wireless system.

Q: Communication during the maintenance phase of the system's life cycle is crucial. Which of the following is most beneficial to the organization during the maintenance phase? 1. A newsletter for users is posted yearly in accessible sites for new information 2. A help desk provides 24/7 telephone user support for employees 3. Users given internet access and procedure manual to troubleshoot problems 4. A list of frequently asked questions (FAQs) posted on a password protected site

Q: To be effective users of a new documentation system, the staff must be trained. Which shows the most effective use of training for a new computer system? 1. A training environment is set up off site. 2. Training is scheduled during the normal workday. 3. Training is provided with actual live software. 4. Actual client data are stored in the training system.

Q: Back loading of some pre-existing data must be completed for the system to create accurate medication administration records and billing charges. How is this best accomplished? 1. Selected data from client records are loaded into the system by data entry specialists. 2. Each staff member is responsible for inputting medications for each patient for the 24 hours prior to going live. 3. When the system goes live, data from clients' medication administration records since admission are inputted for all clients. 4. A pharmacist selects needed data from client medication administration records and inputs the data immediately prior to going live.

Q: Once the go-live date of the system has been established, the production environment is in effect. Which planning is most necessary at this time? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. A newly released software upgrade will be performed so the new system provides users with the latest technology. 2. A website is constructed so employees may answer questionnaires relating to system satisfaction and ask questions as needed. 3. A 24/7 support schedule is initiated to answer questions when necessary. 4. Information back loading is scheduled the day that the system is to go live. 5. The implementation of the system will begin in the emergency department and will move to other units when they signal that they are ready.

Q: The ________________________ environment is a term that refers to the time when the new system is in operation. Standard Text:

Q: Which strategy might cause problems during implementation of a new information system? 1. Once the committee has given information to the vendor regarding system needs, a small addition is requested. 2. An open system is set up such that software upgrades can be implemented quickly and easily. 3. The vendor is asked to fully customize the information system for a specialty organization. 4. The committee verifies that the vendor provides annual maintenance with an additional contract.

Q: The notion of staggering the implementation of the system is determined during the planning phase by committee members. The rationale behind staggering the implementation of the new system can be related to which of the following statements? 1. The decision to incorporate a roll out model of implementation can be used to identify issues before the entire system goes live. 2. Staggering allows staff members to become more familiar with the new technology. 3. Budgetary constraints are the main factors in determining whether a system should be staggered or fully implemented. 4. Nurses and staff need additional time to accept an unwanted technological change.

Q: It has been determined from previous experience that eight hours is the minimum time necessary for staff nurses to obtain initial training on the new system. Which of the following is the best way to schedule this training? 1. One eight-hour session is offered six weeks prior to go-live, where employees drop in when they are caught up with work assignments. 2. Eight one-hour sessions are scheduled one month prior to go-live, starting immediately after the employee's shift has ended. 3. Four two-hour sessions are scheduled three months prior to go-live during non-scheduled work time. 4. Two four-hour sessions are offered one month before go-live during non-scheduled work time.

Q: Which of the following makes training is most effective? 1. It occurs during the nurse's scheduled shift 2. When measurable objectives are employed 3. Training is conducted on the staff's day off 4. Another staff member conducts the session

Q: Which of the following provides the most effective end-user learning experience? 1. Real client data are utilized for realistic practice. 2. The equipment used for training is the same used in the clinical setting. 3. Two employees share each workstation for mutual encouragement. 4. The live system is used with simulated client data.

Q: Which of the following is a key element for a successful system implementation? 1. Effective training 2. Incorporating data dictionaries at every terminal 3. Providing a help desk during the day shift 4. Finding a ancillary staff member to assist in trouble shooting the new system

Q: A proficiency examination is planned to ensure that employees have the requisite knowledge to use a new wireless system. Which statement indicates the best use of testing? 1. Testing is criterion-referenced to evaluate predetermined system competencies. 2. Computer testing is done using a multiple-choice question format. 3. Predetermined competencies are determined by comparing class averages. 4. Norm-referenced testing is used to ensure the most successful employees keep their position.

Q: Which of the following best defines data dictionaries? 1. Data dictionaries contain lists and definitions of all terms used. 2. Data dictionaries contain actual data. 3. Data dictionaries have nothing to do with data quality. 4. Data dictionaries can be found in the nursing office.

Q: Although an information system may be replaced, which of the following answer best describes the impact on the information system's life cycle? 1. The life cycle is an ongoing process that never ends. 2. The life cycle and information system are unrelated. 3. The life cycle stops to upgrade the system. 4. The life cycle is altered with any upgrade.

Q: Which of the following is not an example of a function? 1. Upgrading 2. Order entry 3. Results reporting 4. Documentation

Q: To change the culture of any work environment, the nurse as a leader can promote innovation and minimize resistance through which of the following? 1. Demanding staff listen to rationale behind the changes 2. Planning a strategy to support people and process changes 3. Asking staff to trust their colleagues 4. Understanding that the change is for their benefit

Q: Any significant change in the workplace can lead to discomfort and resistance. Which of the following statements can decrease staff resistance to the implementation of a new system? 1. "Give it time, you will like it." 2. "Perhaps you need more staff development programs." 3. "We know what we are doing. The committee has worked on this project for months." 4. "If you find that its functions are not user-friendly, the committee can make the appropriate changes."

Q: A hospital is implementing a new electronic nurse charting system. When selecting members for the implementation committee, if all are available, which one of these should be given priority? 1. Informatics nurse specialist 2. Experienced consultant 3. Steering committee chairperson 4. Chief information officer

Q: A group of staff nurses working on the hospice unit have notoriously been opposed to technology use. They assert technology is not essential for the care of people who are actively dying and have decided not to participate in the training process. What can be done by committee members to decrease resistance in this setting? 1. Data can be collected and stored electronically to develop evidence-based practice models which would be useful in alleviating the suffering of the dying. 2. Have the head nurse document the resistance in each person's file. 3. Have the director of human resources attend the next staff meeting to review position descriptions. 4. Terminate staff that refuse to participate in training.

Q: An implementation is to go live in a limited number of client units but in all ancillary departments. The remaining client units would be scheduled to go live in groups, staggered over a specified time frame. What implementation strategy is being used? 1. Roll out 2. Modular 3. Occur all at once 4. Direct

Q: Successful implementation of a system can be facilitated by addressing significant barriers presented by staff. Which aspect of resistance should be addressed by committee members during the planning phase? 1. Staff members need to control the workflow and do not want changes imposed on them. 2. The impact of the change on off shift personnel 3. The nurse to patient ratio 4. Emotions of staff

Q: Which of the following are recommended for developing system procedures and documentation? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Create backup procedures to be used in the event that the system is not running either for reasons of scheduled maintenance or unforeseen circumstances. 2. If major modifications were made to the base system, use the vendor's system user guides. 3. Develop a data dictionary containing system terms and terms for mapping from one system to another. 4. During the training process, develop procedures for how the system will be used to support client care and associated administrative activities. 5. Create separate documentation that includes the downtime procedures and manual requisition forms and locate in an easily identifiable and accessible location.

Q: Clinical operation disruption is can be minimized through which of the following? 1. Identification of the processes and their changes are included in training. 2. Following the IT liaison's demands for perfection 3. Making the changes during the night shift 4. Spending money on a consultant.

Q: Which of the following are examples of ongoing systems technical maintenance? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Problem solving and debugging 2. Performing a file backup 3. Maintaining a backup supply of hardware 4. Maintaining and updating the disaster recovery plan 5. Configuring, testing, and installing system upgrades

Q: There are often unforeseen issues that emerge during the implementation phase of the life cycle. Which of the following may be considered a barrier? 1. Staff training 2. Poor communication 3. Employ a qualified nurse informatics specialist to lead the change. 4. Incorporate the suggestions of point-of-care staff

Q: A major consideration for organizations implementing new systems is the return on investment (ROI). ROI can be measured using tangible and intangible measures. Which of the following are examples of tangible measures? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Decreased costs for labor and non-labor expenses such as maintenance 2. Higher retention rate for care givers 3. Increased revenue 4. Alignment with business strategy 5. Greater compliance with regulations

Q: When selecting the chair of the technology committee who is charged with leading the committee members and decision making regarding implementation of the new system, the best person suited for this role would be which of the following? 1. The vice president of nursing 2. Informatics nurse specialist 3. Information technology programmer 4. Staff nurses affected by the system implementation

Q: _______________________ environment is another term that refers to the time when the new system is in operation. Standard Text:

Q: Which of the following critical elements apply to the development of the timeline prior to implementation of the system? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Necessary tasks 2. Scope of each task 3. The members' roles and responsibilities in accomplishing the tasks 4. Driving forces of the market 5. Development of crib sheets

Q: The implementation committee members analyze the base system as delivered from the vendor before the system is installed in the event that clarification or changes are necessary. Which of the following are analyzed throughout this process? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Technology 2. Vendor standing 3. Vendor compliance with regulatory requirements 4. Integration with other systems 5. Clinician support

Q: A timeline is defined as which of the following? 1. A visual plan that helps keep everyone on track and understand where others are in the project. 2. Part of the evaluation phase of the life cycle 3. A tool that measures outcomes 4. A best practice model

Q: A group of tasks related to the analysis of hardware requirements must be addressed during the implementation phase. Which of the following are considered specific tasks? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Network infrastructure analysis 2. Review of workstation types 3. Input applications review 4. Printer decisions 5. Cabling capacity analysis

Q: Considerable planning must be done before the go-live event. Which of the following are specific examples of planning elements? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Implementation strategy is determined 2. Decisions must be made regarding what information will be back loaded or preloaded 3. Support schedule is developed 4. Evaluation procedures are addressed 5. Procedure developed to request changes after the go-live event

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the test environment? 1. The findings of the system test always indicate how well the system will perform in the live environment. 2. The test environment is not exactly the same as the live environment, because the live environment is much larger and more complex. 3. The test environment is unnecessary with the progress made in technology. 4. The test environment is done for training purposes.

Q: _________________ creep is the unexpected and uncontrolled growth of user expectations as the project progresses. Standard Text:

Q: Techno-H has been selected for as the vendor focused on the technology update for Tall Trees Hospital. Now that the vendor has been chosen, the staff have discovered a number of additional upgrades that they would like added to the contract. Which of the following statements would be considered reasonable requests? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Increased technological support during implementation phase 2. Workshops led by vendor during off shifts 3. Provide user friendly help manuals 4. Vendor representative demonstrates live system. 5. Request price reduction after contract has been negotiated.

Q: Which instance is most helpful during system training? 1. Training software is provided for staff to practice inputting fictitious client information. 2. Training sessions are scheduled for the four to six week period prior to going live so all users can feel comfortable with the system. 3. Designated trainers are appointed based on their ability to expertly care of patients. 4. New users are trained through an online learning platform such as Blackboard.

Q: Which of the following statements is accurate about the contract negotiation process and system purchase? 1. Contract negotiations are carried out by the organization's legal enterprise. 2. Contract negotiations begin with the RFP. 3. The steering committee is part of the contract negotiation process. 4. The contract negotiation is the last phase of the life cycle.

Q: Which of the following is the best example of "feature creep"? 1. When an additional feature must be added to the system, the implementation committee approves the change after investigating its cost. 2. The system is totally customized for an individual organization to reflect the current workflow. 3. Staff nurses expect the new system will cut their workload relating to documentation in half. 4. The emergency department and intensive care unit supervisors meet and come up with a list of new features to be added to the system.

Q: The scientific study of the interaction between people, machines, and their work environments is which of the following? 1. Ergonomics 2. Human"computer interaction (HCI) 3. Human factors 4. Usability

Q: What should be the end result of implementation of a new wireless information system in a 712-bed acute-care facility? 1. Retention of staff is enhanced 2. Staff can utilize the new technology effectively 3. Client satisfaction with care is enhanced 4. Client care outcomes are improved

Q: Ergonomics focuses on which of the following? 1. The ability of the nurse to complete computer processing 2. Correct posture while keyboarding 3. Establishing protocols for benchmarking 4. The physical design for safety, comfort, and convenience

Q: Analyzing appropriate hardware requirements is necessary when implementing a new information system. Which of the following solutions is most appropriate? 1. Needs assessment information is compared to budget and hardware and software features. 2. Thin clients are placed in central locations to access the system. 3. Staff may elect to use their own personal digital assistants to send and receive client data. 4. Laser printers are connected to the system network for printing laboratory results.

Q: _____________________________ is the study of how people design, implement, evaluate and use interactive computer systems Standard Text:

Q: Which of the following strategies would be appropriate for identifying a potential candidate for implementation project leader? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Since this will be a complex implementation, focus on the candidate's technical skills and less on communication and leadership skills. 2. Restrict the selection to someone that is a member of the steering committee because of their understanding of the vision, goals, and expectations for the system. 3. Select the consultant that has been assigned to the project from the beginning as the leader. 4. Delay the selection of a leader until after the committee members are selected and then, with the help of the members, select one of the members as leader. 5. Select the chief information officer because of the position of authority and knowledge of the organization's information needs.

Q: Usability is a subset of HCI and one of its major components. Which of the following are usability topics? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Using an application 2. Learning to use a system 3. User satisfaction 4. Efficiency 5. Error-free/error-forgiving interactions

Q: The broad goals of usability are to promote acceptance and use of systems through improved interactive systems, software, developing new kinds of applications to support specific work, and promoting job optimization with the use of information systems. A user interface can effectively disappear if which of the following is correct? 1. The system is designed well. 2. The system has multiple partners. 3. The system has a comprehensive set of instructions. 4. The system has little to no downtime.

Q: Usability experts cite three main goals of HCI and usability. Which of the following is not a usability goal? 1. Effectiveness 2. Efficiency 3. Replication 4. User satisfaction

Q: ____________________________ guide health informaticists in completing user-centered design processes, usability tests, IT adoption evaluations and usability research. Standard Text:

Q: Which of the following frameworks is based on work-centered research and distributed cognition? 1. The FITT framework 2. UFuRT (User, Function, Representation, and Task analysis) framework 3. Human, Organization, Technology-fit (HOT-fit) 4. The Staggers Human"Computer Interaction Framework

Q: _________________________ is the study of how people design, implement, and evaluate interactive computer systems in the context of users' tasks and work. Standard Text:

Q: Usability tests are systematic and structured examinations of the effectiveness, efficiency or satisfaction of any component or interactions in the human"computer interaction framework(s). Which of the following is an example of a usability test? 1. Identifying appropriate hours to offer patients sleep medication 2. Completing a longitudinal study of nursing effectiveness during lunch hours 3. Exploring time management strategies in central supply 4. Describing the satisfaction with a new computerized provider order entry (CPOE) application.

Q: Which of the following types of usability studies consists of a detailed review of a sequence of real or proposed actions to complete a task in a system? 1. Simplified usability tests using early prototypes 2. Cognitive walkthrough 3. Heuristic evaluations or heuristic inspection methods 4. Exploratory test

Q: Usability studies can be used to support IT in a number of ways. Which of the following are reasons to complete these studies in a health care setting? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Assesses the adequacy of a design or redesign early in the systems life cycle 2. Helps determine or clarify users' requirements determination 3. Creates an interest in learning the new system 4. Determines the actual price of the system 5. Supports infrastructure

Q: The pediatric technology committee has determined the need for enhanced bedside technology for ventilated patients. After a lengthy review process, the committee continues to debate the "musts" and "needs" of the new system. The best way to facilitate complex decision making is through the development of which of the following? 1. Strategic planning 2. A timeline 3. Conflict resolution skills 4. Weighted scoring tool

Q: Which of the following entities does not support a role for informaticians in the future? 1. Informaticians require a graduate education. 2. The recent interest in usability will provide interesting work for health informaticists in the future. 3. Informaticians support the training of new systems. 4. Informaticians are key members of the life cycle discussions.

Q: Which of the following questions is not appropriate for a committee to ask when the vendors submit the response to a request for proposal (RFP)? 1. Was the response submitted by the deadline date? 2. Were the vendor representatives responsive and knowledgeable? 3. Will the vendor select the hardware and software needs of the organization? 4. Does the proposal address the requirements outlined in the RFP, or does it appear to be a standard bid?

Q: Ethnographic studies have been incorporated within health care settings by informaticians to glean data at the point of care. Which of the following statements about ethnography is true? 1. Ethnography is a quantitative method from anthropology and sociology that includes fieldwork and analysis of people in cultural, social settings. 2. In ethnography researchers describe the person of interest's point of view focusing on experience and interactions in social settings rather than the actions themselves. 3. Ethnography is an outdated method of inquiry. 4. The use of ethnography is criticized as a method to determine HCI effectiveness.

Q: The methodology to assure the request for proposal (RFP) is structured to ensure successful system selection includes which of the following criteria? 1. Develop well constructed questions 2. Create a long list of elaborate questions 3. Request a quick review of the organization's needs 4. Selection of the final team to implement the system 5. Randomly ranked requirements

Q: How long did Melanson, Lindeman, and Jarolim (2007) note that it would take from the time that a committee is formed until a health care information system selection is finalized? 1. 14 months 2. Two years 3. Six months 4. Three years