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Philosophy
Q:
To think that what holds true of a group automatically holds true of the individuals in the group is known as the fallacy of
A. composition.
B. division.
C. accident.
D. hasty generalization.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage."Most rich people are old. Therefore, most old people are rich."
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Been playing Lotto for years and havent won a dime. Im due.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Anybody who is well-informed reads at least one newspaper every day, and Murray reads two newspapers daily. So we can agree that Murray is a well-informed person.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.If the president is right, we need immigration reform. If the vice president is right, we need immigration reform. Therefore, if the president is right, the vice president is right.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.
Hard to believe, but jockeys wearing pink have won the last four races. Do you know how unlikely it is that it could happen a fifth time in a row? Bet on a horse with a jockey wearing different colors this time.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage."Most professional dancers are women. Therefore, most women are professional dancers."
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Daryl likes to race cars. I bet he will become a professional race car driver rather than something boring like a retail salesperson or office clerk.
Q:
In the following passage, is an explanation clearly being offered as an excuse or justification?
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.The last four races have been won by horses whose jockeys were wearing pink. I think theres something about colors going on hereId bet on whatever horse has a jockey in pink for the next race.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.
There was not one exercise in Dons program that should have caused him back pain. So I cant see how his back trouble is the result of his exercise program.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Every event is caused; therefore the sum total of events is caused.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.The average family has two-and-a-half children. The Hansons, next door, are an average family, so they must have two-and-a-half children. I dont know, maybe a stepson or something.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.The sign says "Cash only this line," and youre paying cash. So you have to get in this line.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Stockton has the lowest credit rating of any city in the region. My cousin lives in Stockton, so Im betting his credit is down the tube.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.This institution is well known for its liberal thinkers. Therefore, each person in this institution is a liberal thinker.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Anna Karenina is the best novel ever written; therefore each chapter is the best ever written.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.
The sign says "No individuals without identification may pass." So that must mean that all individuals with identification may pass, right?
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.If walking out of class seems right to you, then obviously its your right to do it.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Professor Stooler wants to conserve clean air and water. If that doesnt make him a Conservative, I dont know what does.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Caesars salad is made from romaine lettuce, and thats what this house salad is made from. So this must be the house Caesar salad.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Of course the girl was carrying binoculars! The witness said he saw her with binoculars.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.
Mark: Jessica got low grades in this semester due to the recent demise of her father.
Judy: Oh, so now you're trying to excuse her low grades?
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.All German Shepherds are dogs, and some dogs are not trained to attack people. Therefore, some German Shepherds are not trained to attack people.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.Otterhounds are crazy about water, just like that dog. That dog, therefore, is an Otterhound.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.If Joel had paid his taxes on time, he wouldnt be audited. But he didnt pay on time, so you know hes going to be audited.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.For sure, if the test drive had gone well, Dwayne would have bought the car. But the test drive did not go very well, so hell pass up the purchase.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.If you didnt take the final, you didnt pass the course. However, you did take the final. So you passed the course.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.If Global Warming is for real, then the mean global temperature would have risen over the past ten years. Global Warming is not for real. Therefore the mean global temperature hasn't risen over the past ten years.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage."If you just realized what I just realized, then we'd be perfect for each other and we'd never find another. But you didn't just realize what I just realized." -Colby Calait
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.If Shelley has read the Republic, then shes bound to know who Thrasymachus is. And, since she clearly does know who Thrasymachus is, we can conclude that she must have read the Republic.
Q:
Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage.
If you are rich, then your car is something like a Mercedes or a Bentley. Oh! Is that your Bentley, you rich old thing, you?
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."People who read a lot are less apt to suffer from dementia. So we recommend reading for all our older patients."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Its unlike to Jamal to miss two free throws in a row like that. I bet its because his father passed away."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage.
"We are having such a wet winter. I wonder what the cause is?"
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."It is hazardous to use a cell while driving, so you shouldnt have called 911 on your cell."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Everyone takes his or her eyes off the road now and then. Nothing wrong with that. So it is okay for me to do it while brushing my teeth."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."As the percentage of female drivers has gone up, so has the traffic accident rate, proof right there that women arent good drivers."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Officer, I had the right of way. So it didnt matter that he was in the intersection."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."The sign said no left turn, so I didnt turn left to avoid the accident."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."This antique dealer should know whats wrong with this old car of ours."
Q:
It is widely believed that chocolate causes acne, since people susceptible to acne frequently assert that eating chocolate is invariably followed by an outbreak of the skin condition. However, Donald G. Bruns, in a letter to Science News, wondered whether those who have the belief that chocolate causes acne might not have things backwards. Some studies indicate that hormonal changes associated with stress may cause acne, he notes. Other studies indicate that people fond of chocolate may tend to eat more chocolate when under stress. Given these studies, Bruns comments, it may be easy to confuse which, the chocolate or the acne, is the causeand which is the effect.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue."Paranoia is rampant in Chico again. The latest lie is that wood stove and fireplace burning is extremely detrimental to your health. People, stop being so gullible and think hard, look at all the locals that have lived here all their livessome well into their 90s. They, as well as all humans for the last 6,000 years have lived with wood smoke. Our locals in addition have grown up during the rice burning and smudge pot years. Why dont you wood burning-a-phobics worry about how fat and sanitary you and your children are. Your alcohol use and your SUVs are polluting the air daily, not just during the winter months. All those things are the real killers of todays society."
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.There must be a God. After all, people and cultures have always believed in some sort of a deity going back to the beginning of humankind.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
From an ad for APC (a power supply brand): 30 million computer users dont trust the power grid. They do trust APC. Shouldnt you?
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
Big L: I like the new civil rights bill, especially the provision that prohibits indirect discrimination practices, such as height and weight requirements that could exclude women.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
He: Theyre nice speakers, but we cant really afford them.
She: Why in heaven not?
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.Obviously it was right for the United States to attack Iraq in 1991. Polls at the time showed that over 90 percent of Americans thought the war was justified.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
In its July 1988 issue, Consumer Reports criticized the Suzuki Samurai as unsafe and dangerously easy to roll over. In the next issue, a reader wrote in response, "In order to completely idiot-proof our society, we would have to surrender all freedom. Your suggestion that the government protect us from this evil vehicle is just another step in a journey that could ultimately lead to an erosion of freedom in this country."
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.Overheard during a recent Olympics: "Oh, I dont know. All athletes use some type of steroids in training and competition."
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.Toads do cause warts. People have known that for centuries.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
From a letter to the editor: "Theyre wrong again, the doctors who say that the sun causes cancer. The four substances for all life are water, food, air, and sun. Everybody knows the sun opens the pores of your skin to poisons; it cannot cause cancer. Cancer is caused by the toxins man puts in the air, not by sunlight."
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
Sure, driving after youve been drinking can get you into trouble with the law, but if youre careful I dont think theres anything wrong with it. After all, everyone does it, right?
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
So they came along and made me take my sign down because it was in violation of the city sign code. But look at the signs down in the next block, will you? Theyre under the same code, and theyre just like the one I had to take down.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
This river has been changing its course every couple of years for the past few thousand years. Now theyve decided that the banks need to be stabilized. Who do the Army Corps of Engineers think they are to come in here and decide they know something Mother Nature doesnt?
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.George, I speak for the rest of the neighbors on our street. Frankly, your front yard is a mess, and wed appreciate it if you would do something about it. We put the time and money into making our places look nice, but the effort is largely ruined by one awful looking place right here in the middle of the block. We hope youll do something about it.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
Gays in the military? Yes. There are no valid grounds for opposing the measure, as can be seen in the fact that policies of nondiscrimination to gays are common practice throughout Western democracies.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.
Gays in the military? If we allow that, then next well be letting women into the mens barracks. And the next thing you know, women, men, gays, everyonetheyll all be showering together and sleeping in the same bunks. Get real.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue.No, I dont think I believe in "three strikes and youre out" for convicted felons. Next thing it will be two strikes, then one strike. Then well be sticking people in jail for life for misdemeanors. Its not good policy.
Q:
Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or, where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text, by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue."The problem isnt really with banning assault weapons; heck, I personally think its stupid to want to own an assault weapon. The problem is that, once the government realizes that an assault weapons ban is not resulting in fewer gunshot victims, it will turn to semi-automatic weapons and require registration of them. But, of course, that wont reduce the number of victims either. We might finally get to a point where there are no more gunshot victims, but itll only be after all guns have been banned and the ones out there now have all turned to rust."
Q:
"They say Japanese carmakers put out the best cars in the world, all things considered. But that cant be rightthe Toyota I bought last year had to be returned to the shop five times!" The population is
A. my Toyota.
B. Japanese cars.
C. the best cars in the world.
Q:
"They say Japanese carmakers put out the best cars in the world, all things considered. But that cant be rightthe Toyota I bought last year had to be returned to the shop five times!" The sample is
A. my Toyota.
B. Japanese cars.
C. the best cars in the world.
Q:
"They say Japanese carmakers put out the best cars in the world, all things considered. But that cant be rightthe Toyota I bought last year had to be returned to the shop five times!" This is
A. a biased generalization.
B. a hasty generalization.
C. neither biased nor hasty.
Q:
As Harold is driving down the road from Glenn County to Montclair, he crosses into Salem County and notices that the pavement deteriorates. "I guess they dont keep up their roads very well in this county," he says. The sample in this passage isA. roads in Glenn County.B. roads in Salem County.C. the road hes driving on now.
Q:
As Harold is driving down the road from Glenn County to Montclair, he crosses into Salem County and notices that the pavement deteriorates. "I guess they dont keep up their roads very well in this county," he says. Which of the following best fits the scenario?A. biased generalizationB. hasty generalizationC. neither biased nor hasty
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."A friend of mine became a Christian recently and soon after won a six-figure lottery. God looks after his own."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage.
"What are they are talking about, it rains a lot in Seattle? We went there in Octoberhad nothing but beautiful weather."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Allison Fischer [a world-famous pool player] played snooker before she turned to American style 9-ball. It had to be the snooker that made her such a fine 9-ball player."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."My kindergarten class seemed unusually antsy today. I wonder if they were all on a sugar high."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Attendance is up today. They must think there is a test."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Melinda has two dachshunds who lived to be over 15, so when she recommended a diet for Jobie, my Doberman, I figured she knew what she was talking about."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Caffeinated coffee is bad for your nervous system. Just ask anybody, including coffee drinkers."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Smoking behind our back will only lead to a life of crime, Junior."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."He says health care in England stinks. He should know. He speaks with an English accent."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Man to his wife: Poopsie, I bought a lot of this soap. Everyone at the Amway party said it works great."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."The rates of prostate cancer among first responders to the attacks on the Twin Trade Towers are higher than among onlookers. Something in the dust obviously causes prostate cancer."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."People who play bingo twice a week live on average seven years longer than people who stay at home. Playing bingo can lengthen your life."
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."My students scores have improved dramatically since I started giving tests online, which indicates that students learn more on online courses."
Q:
Identify any type of fallacy in the following passage.
From a column by Suzanne Fields, in the Washington Post, after George W. Bush had given a speech at Bob Jones University (well known for its anti-Catholic stance) and been attacked for it by fellow Republican John McCain:
"John McCains attacks on George W. as an anti-Catholic bigot are over the line.... The governor of Texas made mistakes at Bob Jones University. He admitted them. He wasted an important opportunity to rebuke Bob Jones anti-Catholicism and its ban on interracial dating.... His performance and prominence there was ill thought-out, but it doesnt prove bigotry. It was also the height of hypocrisy when Mr. McCain exempted his supporter Rep. Lindsey Graham from similar criticism for his accepting an honorary degree from Bob Jones U., and not uttering a single syllable of criticism."
Is the last sentence an example of ad hominem fallacy or common practice fallacy in defense of George Bush, or is it merely a request for fair play?
Q:
Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage."Being overweight cant be all that bad for you. Eighty percent of the population over 25 is overweight."