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Physic
Q:
The flight of a blimp best illustrates
A) Archimedes' principle.
B) Pascal's principle.
C) Bernoulli's principle.
D) Boyle's law.
Q:
The buoyant force of the atmosphere on a body is equal to the
A) weight of air displaced.
B) volume of air displaced.
C) mass of the air displaced.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
Archimedes' principle applies to
A) liquids.
B) gases.
C) fluids.
D) all of the above
Q:
The depth to which an inverted drinking glass must be pushed beneath the water surface to squeeze the enclosed air to half its volume is
A) 76 cm.
B) 10.3 m.
C) 14.7 m.
D) 20.6 m.
E) 29.4 m.
Q:
A swimmer cannot snorkel more than a meter deep because air
A) in the lungs cannot easily be expelled.
B) tends to liquefy in the snorkel tube.
C) is buoyed up leaving the swimmer breathless.
D) at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.
E) all of the above
Q:
A scuba diver losing her air supply while far beneath the water surface is advised when ascending to
A) hold air in her lungs.
B) allow air to escape her lungs.
C) panic.
Q:
While Debbie Diver holds her breath and swims deeper and deeper beneath the water's surface, her density
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains the same.
Q:
A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake
A) rises to the top at constant volume.
B) becomes smaller as it rises.
C) becomes larger as it rises.
D) alternately expands and contracts as it rises.
E) none of the above
Q:
When boarding an airplane you bring a bag of chips. While in flight the bag puffs up, because
A) air pressure in the air-tight bag is greater than cabin air pressure.
B) suction is occurring.
C) air pressure is affected by the Bernoulli principle.
D) all the above
E) none of the above
Q:
When a gas in a container expands to twice its volume, its density
A) halves.
B) doubles.
C) quadruples.
D) remains the same.
Q:
When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density
A) halves.
B) doubles.
C) quadruples.
D) remains the same.
Q:
When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume with no change in temperature, the gas pressure
A) halves.
B) doubles.
C) quadruples.
D) remains the same.
Q:
The weight of air in a bathtub (about 1/3 cubic meter) is about the same as the weight of
A) a pea.
B) an egg.
C) a small apple.
D) a pound of butter.
E) a 10-pound sack of potatoes.
Q:
The mass of air inside an average mid-size automobile is about
A) 0.2 kg.
B) 2 kg.
C) 20 kg.
D) 200 kg.
E) 2000 kg.
Q:
If one of the pair of Magdeburg hemispheres were fastened to a strong tree, the force needed by a single party to pull them apart would be
A) half as much.
B) the same.
C) twice as much.
D) none of the above
Q:
It would be easier to pull the evacuated Magdeburg hemispheres apart if they were
A) held upside down.
B) at sea level.
C) 20 km beneath the ocean surface.
D) 20 km above the ocean surface.
E) none of the above
Q:
Marshmallows in a vacuum become
A) larger.
B) smaller.
C) flat.
D) a hollow shell.
E) none of the above
Q:
Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer at normal atmospheric pressure, the height of the alcohol column would be
A) less than 10.3 m.
B) 10.3 m.
C) more than 10.3 m.
Q:
Two vertical tubes of equal cross-sectional areas are filled with liquids to heights producing atmospheric pressure at their bottoms. One liquid is water and the other is mercury. Both liquids have equal
A) volumes.
B) densities.
C) weights.
D) viscosity.
E) none of the above
Q:
Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, compared with the wider tube, mercury in the smaller tube will rise
A) to the same height.
B) twice as high.
C) four times as high.
D) more than four times as high.
E) none of the above
Q:
A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the column instead contained the same mass of water, its height would be about
A) 3/4 meter.
B) 10.3 meters.
C) 5.6 kilometers.
D) none of the above
Q:
A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the column instead contained the same mass of mercury, its height would be about
A) 3/4 meter.
B) 10.3 meters.
C) 5.6 kilometers.
D) none of the above
Q:
About how high can water at sea level be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump?
A) less than 10.3 m
B) 10.3 m
C) more than 10.3 m
Q:
The weight of air in a column 1-m2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere is
A) 101 N.
B) 10,100 N.
C) 101,000 N.
D) 101,000,000 N.
Q:
What approximate weight of air is in a column 1-cm2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?
A) 0.01 N
B) 10 N
C) 100 N
D) 1000 N
Q:
Approximately how much air is in a column 1-cm2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?
A) 1 gram
B) 1 kg
C) 10 kg
D) 100 kg
Q:
When a suction cup sticks to a wall it is
A) pulled to the wall by the vacuum.
B) pushed to the wall by the atmosphere.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
At normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, 1 cubic meter of air has a mass of about
A) 1.00 kg.
B) 1.25 kg.
C) 2.00 kg.
D) 2.25 kg.
Q:
In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of
A) capillary action.
B) surface tension.
C) atmospheric pressure.
D) Bernoulli's principle.
E) none of the above
Q:
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the
A) density of the atmosphere.
B) weight of the atmosphere.
C) temperature of the atmosphere.
D) solar energy on the atmosphere.
Q:
The air in your classroom has
A) mass.
B) weight.
C) energy.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
About what percentage of molecules in the air make up the atmosphere below a 6-kilometer altitude?
A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) more than 50%
Q:
Compared to the ocean, Earth's atmosphere is different in that
A) its density varies with depth.
B) it has a less-distinct surface.
C) molecules are more greatly spaced.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space due to
A) their chaotic speeds.
B) their relatively low densities.
C) Earth gravitation.
D) cohesive forces.
Q:
The energy source responsible for molecular motions in Earth's atmosphere is
A) their own natural kinetic energy.
B) pressure caused by the weight of air.
C) atmospheric tides.
D) the Sun.
Q:
A key feature of the Falkirk Wheel in Scotland is that opposite gondolas have the same weight when both are brim-full of water
A) and boats in each have about equal weights.
B) and at least one boat is in each gondola.
C) regardless of the weights of boats or no boats in each.
D) none of the above
Q:
The fact that the weight of a brim-full container of water is unchanged whether or not something floats in it is nicely employed in
A) hydraulic devices.
B) all floating devices.
C) Scotland's Falkirk Wheel.
D) none of the above
Q:
If you float a piece of wood in a container brim-full of water that rests on a weighing scale, some water will spill. Then the weight reading on the scale will
A) decrease.
B) remain unchanged.
C) increase.
Q:
If you float a piece of wood in a container half-full of water that rests on a weighing scale, the weight reading on the scale will
A) decrease.
B) remain unchanged.
C) increase.
Q:
Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with Styrofoam will float
A) higher in the water.
B) lower in the water.
C) at the same level in the water.
Q:
A mountain that floats on the mantle indicates that the density of the mantle is
A) less than that of the mountain.
B) about the same as that of the mountain.
C) greater than that of the mountain.
D) none of the above
Q:
Two life preservers have identical volumes, one filled with Styrofoam and the other filled with sand. When the two life preservers are worn by swimmers, one swimmer floats with part of the preserver above water, and the other swimmer sinks. In this case the buoyant force is greater on the life preserver filled with
A) Styrofoam.
B) sand.
C) same for both
Q:
Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with Styrofoam while the other is filled with sand. When the two life preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one filled with
A) Styrofoam.
B) sand.
C) same on each as long as their volumes are the same
Q:
The reason a life jacket helps keep you afloat is
A) the jacket makes you weigh less.
B) the jacket has the same density as an average human.
C) the jacket repels water.
D) if you sink, the jacket sinks.
E) the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone.
Q:
A 5-N block of wood is difficult to fully submerge in a pool of mercury because the buoyant force on the block when submerged is
A) less than 5 N.
B) 5 N.
C) much more than 5 N.
Q:
Ice cubes submerged at the bottom of a liquid indicate that the liquid
A) produces insufficient buoyant force on the ice.
B) is warmer than the ice.
C) is only partly displaced by the submerged ice.
D) is less dense than ice.
Q:
An egg rests at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. When salt is slowly added to the water the egg rises and floats, from which we conclude
A) salt water is denser than fresh water.
B) salt water is denser than an egg.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
The density of a submerged submarine at rest is about the same as the density of
A) a crab.
B) iron.
C) a floating submarine.
D) water.
E) none of the above
Q:
A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale on the ocean floor. Its weight compared to its weight above the surface is
A) greater.
B) less.
C) the same.
Q:
Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean, which means their density is
A) greater than the density of sea water.
B) equal to the density of sea water.
C) less than the density of sea water.
Q:
Compared to the density of water, the density of a fish is
A) more.
B) less.
C) the same.
Q:
A fish normally displaces its own
A) volume of water.
B) weight of water.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats, which means its density is
A) less than the density of water.
B) equal to the density of water.
C) more than the density of water.
D) need more information.
Q:
A scale from which a rock is suspended reads 5 N when the rock is out of water and 3 N when the rock is submerged. The density of the rock is
A) the density of water.
B) 1.5 times the density of water.
C) 2.5 times the density of water.
D) 3.5 times the density of water.
E) none of the above
Q:
Buoyant force is greater on a submerged 10-newton block of
A) lead.
B) aluminum.
C) same on each
Q:
Buoyant force is greater on a submerged 1-cubic centimeter block of
A) lead.
B) aluminum.
C) same on each
Q:
Buoyant force is greater on a submerged
A) 1-kg block of lead.
B) 1-kg block of aluminum.
C) is the same on each
Q:
A scale from which a rock is suspended reads 5 N when the rock is out of water and 3 N when the rock is submerged. Buoyant force on the rock is
A) 2 N.
B) 3 N.
C) 4 N.
D) 5 N.
Q:
What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?
A) less than 100 tons
B) 100 tons
C) more than 100 tons
D) 100 cubic meters
E) depends on the ship's shape
Q:
When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up
A) by a force equal to its own weight.
B) by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.
C) and floats in accord with Archimedes' principle.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
A block of Styrofoam floats on water while a lead block of the same size block lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the
A) lead.
B) Styrofoam.
C) same for both
Q:
When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float
A) lower in the water.
B) higher in the water.
C) at the same water level.
Q:
The volume of water displaced by a floating 20-ton boat
A) is 20 cubic meters.
B) is the volume of 20 tons of water.
C) is the volume of the boat.
D) depends on the shape of the ship's hull.
E) none of the above
Q:
The buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean is
A) less than 10 tons.
B) 10 tons.
C) more than 10 tons.
D) depends on density of sea water
Q:
The least buoyant force on a rock is when it is submerged
A) near the surface.
B) halfway to the bottom.
C) near the bottom.
D) none of the above
Q:
The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is
A) partly submerged.
B) submerged near the surface.
C) submerged near the bottom.
D) none of the above
Q:
A completely submerged object always displaces its own
A) volume of fluid.
B) weight of fluid.
C) density of fluid.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
There is a legend of a Dutch boy who bravely held back the Atlantic Ocean by plugging a leak near the top of a dike with his finger until help arrived. Which is the more likely scenario?
A) the huge size of the Atlantic Ocean makes this impossible
B) although the force on his finger would have been huge, the pressure would have been small enough for this to occur
C) the force on his finger would have been less than 1 N
D) both force and pressure on his finger would have been great, but not too great for a public-spirited Dutch lad
E) none of the above
Q:
When holes are drilled through the wall of a water tower, water will spurt out with the greatest speed from the hole closest to
A) the bottom of the tower.
B) the middle of the tower.
C) the top of the tower.
D) all the same
Q:
Buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object because
A) it acts in a direction to oppose gravity.
B) the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward force.
C) pressure against its bottom is greater than pressure against its top.
D) none of the above
Q:
The mass of a cubic meter of water is
A) 1 kg.
B) 10 kg.
C) 100 kg.
D) 1000 kg.
E) 9800 N.
Q:
The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on
A) the acceleration due to gravity.
B) water density.
C) the height of the liquid.
D) surface area of the water.
E) none of the above
Q:
The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid
A) density.
B) depth.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
A dam is thicker at the bottom than at the top mainly because
A) water is denser at deeper levels.
B) water pressure increases with depth.
C) surface tension exists only on the surface of liquids.
D) it looks better.
E) none of the above
Q:
Water pressure on a submerged object is greatest against its
A) top.
B) bottom.
C) sides.
D) same against all surfaces
E) none of the above
Q:
While standing, your blood pressure is normally greatest in your
A) head.
B) heart.
C) feet.
D) same in each
Q:
One liter of water has a mass of
A) 1 kilogram.
B) 14.7 grams.
C) 500 grams.
D) none of the above
Q:
A hospital patient confined to bed will be less likely to develop bed sores with a
A) firm mattress.
B) soft mattress.
C) water bed.
D) none of these will help.
Q:
Sara lies on a bed of sharp nails without harm because
A) many of the nails don't make contact with her body.
B) her weight is distributed over hundreds of nails.
C) she exercises mind over matter.
D) none of the above
Q:
When you stand with only one of your feet on a weighing scale, the scale reading is
A) half.
B) the same as with both feet.
C) doubled.
D) none of the above