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Physic
Q:
Hydrogen, like electricity, is
A) an energy source.
B) not an energy source.
C) a source of both thermal and electric power.
Q:
Solar power is commonly used to produce
A) heat.
B) electricity.
C) both of these
Q:
Which of these is not a form of solar energy?
A) wind energy
B) fossil fuel energy
C) geothermal energy
D) hydroelectric power
Q:
The exhaust product from a hydrogen fuel cell is
A) carbon dioxide.
B) methane.
C) pure water.
D) nitric acid.
Q:
The most concentrated form of energy is
A) wind.
B) fossil fuel.
C) geothermal.
D) nuclear.
Q:
A machine that promises more energy output than input is
A) a fantasy.
B) commonplace in today's technology.
C) a long-shot worth investing in.
Q:
Hydro and wind power are indirect forms of
A) solar energy.
B) fossil fuels deep down.
C) nuclear energy in Earth's interior.
D) none of the above
Q:
Earth's primary energy source is
A) the Sun.
B) fossil fuel.
C) electricity.
D) geothermal.
Q:
A car's engine is 20% efficient. When cruising, the car encounters an average retarding force of 1000 N. If the energy content of fuel is 40 megajoules per liter, how many kilometers per liter does the car achieve?
A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14
E) none of the above
Q:
A miracle car with a 100% efficient engine burns fuel having a 40-megajoules-per-liter energy content. If air drag and overall frictional forces at highway speeds totals 1000 N, what distance per liter can be achieved on the highway?
A) 30 km
B) 40 km
C) 50 km
D) more than 50 km
E) need more information
Q:
A jack system will increase the potential energy of a heavy load by 1000 J with a work input of 2000 J. The efficiency of the jack system is
A) 10%.
B) 20%.
C) 50%.
D) 80%.
E) need more information
Q:
A machine puts out 100 watts of power for every 1000 watts put into it. The efficiency of the machine is
A) 10%.
B) 50%.
C) 90%.
D) 110%.
E) none of the above
Q:
A hydraulic press has its input piston depressed 20 centimeters while the output piston is raised 1 centimeter. A 1-newton input can lift a load of
A) 1 N.
B) 10 N.
C) 15 N.
D) 20 N.
E) none of the above
Q:
Phil applies 100 N to a pulley system and raises a load one-tenth of his downward pull. Ideally, the weight of the load is
A) 100 N.
B) 1000 N.
C) 10,000 N.
D) more than 10,000 N
Q:
A hydraulic jack is used to lift objects such as automobiles. If the input force is 200 N over a distance of 1 meter, the output force over a distance of 0.1 meter is ideally
A) 200 N.
B) 500 N.
C) 1000 N.
D) 2000 N.
E) none of the above
Q:
When properly used, a hydraulic press, like a wheel and axle, is capable of multiplying force input.
A) A true statement.
B) A false statement.
C) Yes, and in special cases, energy as well.
Q:
A hydraulic press, like an inclined plane, is capable of increasing energy.
A) sometimes true
B) always false
C) always true
D) sometimes false
Q:
A common pulley acts similar to a
A) hydraulic press.
B) gear.
C) common lever.
D) tension producer.
Q:
Although perpetual motion is the natural order of things in the universe
A) it follows that machines can operate and do work by perpetual motion.
B) no perpetual-motion device that multiplies energy exists.
C) both of these are false statements
Q:
A 1-kg ball dropped from 2 m rebounds only 1.5 m after hitting the ground. The amount of energy converted to heat is about
A) 0.5 J.
B) 1.0 J.
C) 1.5 J.
D) 2.0 J.
E) more than 2.0 J.
Q:
Acrobat Bart at the circus drops vertically onto the end of a see-saw, with his partner Art equidistant from the fulcrum at the other end. Art is propelled straight upward a distance twice that of Bart's dropping distance. Neglecting inefficiencies we see
A) the masses of Art and Bart are equal.
B) Art has half the mass of Bart.
C) need more information
Q:
A circus diver drops from a high pole into water far below. When he is halfway down
A) his potential energy is halved.
B) he has gained an amount of kinetic energy equal to half his initial potential energy.
C) his kinetic energy and potential energy are equal.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
Strictly speaking, more fuel is consumed by your car if the air conditioner, headlights, or even a radio is turned on. This statement is
A) false.
B) true only if the car's engine is running.
C) true.
Q:
When wind encounters a wind turbine that produces energy, wind speed on the downside of the blades is
A) slowed.
B) speeded up.
C) not affected.
Q:
A light aluminum ball and a heavy lead ball of the same size roll down an incline. When they are halfway down the incline, they will have identical
A) kinetic energies.
B) potential energies.
C) momentum.
D) inertias.
E) none of the above
Q:
A block of ice sliding down an incline has half its maximum kinetic energy
A) at the top.
B) at the bottom.
C) halfway down.
D) need more information
Q:
After rolling halfway down an incline, a marble's kinetic energy is
A) less than its potential energy.
B) greater than its potential energy.
C) the same as its potential energy.
Q:
The bob of a simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at the
A) top of its swing.
B) bottom of its swing.
C) midpoint between top and bottom.
D) at all points along its path of swing.
Q:
A ball rolling down an incline has its maximum kinetic energy at
A) the top.
B) halfway down.
C) three-quarters of the way down.
D) the bottom.
Q:
A ball rolling down an incline has its maximum potential energy at
A) the top.
B) a quarter of the way down.
C) halfway down.
D) the bottom.
Q:
Two identical arrows, one with twice the speed of the other, are fired into a bale of hay. Compared with penetration of the slow arrow, the faster arrow penetrates
A) the same distance.
B) two times as far.
C) four times as far.
D) more than four times as far.
E) none of the above
Q:
Two identical arrows, one with twice the kinetic energy of the other, are fired into a bale of hay. Compared with penetration of the slow arrow, the faster arrow penetrates
A) the same distance.
B) twice as far.
C) four times as far.
D) more than four times as far.
E) none of the above
Q:
A 2500-N pile-driver ram falls 10 m and drives a post 0.1 m into the ground. The average impact force on the ram is
A) 2,500 N.
B) 25,000 N.
C) 250,000 N.
D) 2,500,000 N.
Q:
Which requires the most amount of work by the brakes of a car?
A) slowing down from 100 km/h to 70 km/h
B) slowing down from 70 km/h to a stop
C) equal amounts for both
Q:
If the speed of a bicycle is reduced to half before skidding to a stop, it will skid
A) one-eighth as far.
B) one-fourth as far.
C) one-half as far.
D) none of the above
Q:
About 40 J is required to push a crate 4 m across a floor. If the push is in the same direction as the motion of the crate, the force on the crate is about
A) 4 N.
B) 10 N.
C) 40 N.
D) 160 N.
Q:
A cannonball has more kinetic energy than the recoiling cannon from which it is fired because the force on the ball
A) is more concentrated.
B) meets less resistance than the cannon on the ground.
C) acts over a longer distance.
Q:
A motorcycle moving at 50 km/h skids 10 m with locked brakes. How far will it skid with locked brakes when traveling at 150 km/h?
A) 10 m
B) 30 m
C) 50 m
D) 90 m
Q:
A bicycle that travels four as fast as another when braking to a stop will skid
A) twice as far.
B) four times as far.
C) eight times as far
D) sixteen times as far.
E) depends on the mass of the bike
Q:
A bicycle that travels twice as fast as another when braking to a stop will skid
A) twice as far.
B) four times as far.
C) eight times as far
D) sixteen times as far.
E) depends on the bike's mass
Q:
When Joshua brakes his speeding bicycle to a stop, kinetic energy is transformed to
A) potential energy.
B) energy of motion.
C) energy of rest.
D) heat.
Q:
Two identical particles move toward each other, one twice as fast as the other. Just before they collide, one has a kinetic energy of 25 J and the other 50 J. At this instant their total kinetic energy is
A) 25 J.
B) 50 J.
C) 75 J.
D) none of the above
E) need more information
Q:
If a Ping-Pong ball and a golf ball both move in the same direction with the same amount of kinetic energy, the speed of the Ping-Pong ball must be
A) less than the golf ball.
B) more than the golf ball.
C) both the same
D) need more information
Q:
Neglecting air resistance, Sammy Smarts on a high ladder releases a ball that strikes the ground with 100 J of kinetic energy. If he were to instead throw the ball straight upward, it will soon reach the ground with a kinetic energy of
A) less than 100 J.
B) 100 J.
C) more than 100 J.
Q:
Which has greater kinetic energy?
A) a car traveling at 30 km/hr
B) a car of half the mass traveling at 60 km/hr
C) both the same
D) need more information
Q:
Danny Diver weighs 500 N and steps off a diving board 10 m above the water. Danny hits the water with kinetic energy of
A) 10 J.
B) 500 J.
C) 510 J.
D) 5000 J.
E) more than 5000 J.
Q:
A cannonball following a parabolic path explodes into fragments. The momentum of the fragments
A) continue along the path as if the explosion didn't occur.
B) cancels to zero by vector addition.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
When a vertically falling firecracker bursts, the vector sum of momentum fragments
A) in the horizontal direction cancels to zero.
B) in the vertical direction equals the momentum of the firecracker before bursting.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
A firecracker bursts while freely falling. The combined momentum of its fragments
A) equals the momentum of the firecracker at the time of burst
B) cancels to the firecracker's momentum at the time of bursting.
C) cancels to zero.
D) none of the above
Q:
Two vehicles with equal magnitudes of momentum traveling at right angles to each other undergo an inelastic collision. The magnitude of momentum for the combined wreck is
A) the same as the magnitude of momentum of either car before collision.
B) less than the magnitude of momentum of either car before collision.
C) greater than the magnitude of momentum of either car before collision.
D) none of the above
Q:
Two vehicles with equal magnitudes of momentum traveling at right angles to each other undergo an inelastic collision. The combined wreck moves in a direction
A) parallel to either of the cars before collision.
B) at 45 degrees to the direction of either car before collision.
C) at some angle other than 45 degrees.
Q:
Two identical objects in outer space, one moving at 2 m/s, the other at 1 m/s, have a head-on collision and stick together. Their combined speed after the collision is
A) 0.5 m/s.
B) 0.33 m/s.
C) 0.67 m/s.
D) 1.0 m/s.
E) none of the above
Q:
Two 5000-kg rail cars roll without friction (one at 1 m/s, the other at 2 m/s) toward each other on a level track. They collide, couple, and roll together with a combined momentum of
A) zero.
B) 5000 kg m/s.
C) 10,000 kg m/s.
D) 15,000 kg m/s.
Q:
Two identical freight cars roll without friction (one at 1 m/s, the other at 2 m/s) toward each other on a level track. They collide, couple together, and roll away in the direction of
A) the slower car.
B) the faster car.
C) neither, for they stop.
Q:
A red car has a head-on collision with an approaching blue car with the same magnitude of momentum. A green car driving with the same momentum as the other cars collides with an enormously massive wall. Which of the three cars will experience the greatest impulse?
A) red car
B) blue car
C) green car
D) all the same
Q:
A sandbag motionless in outer space is hit by a three-times-as massive sandbag moving at 12 m/s. They stick together and move at a speed of
A) 3 m/s.
B) 4 m/s.
C) 6 m/s.
D) 8 m/s.
E) none of the above
Q:
A 1-kg glider and a 2-kg glider both slide toward each other at 1 m/s on an air track. They collide and stick. The combined mass moves at
A) 0 m/s.
B) 1/2 m/s.
C) 1/3 m/s.
D) 1/6 m/s.
E) 1.5 m/s.
Q:
Consider massive gliders that slide friction-free along a horizontal air track. Glider A has a mass of 1 kg, a speed of 1 m/s, and collides with Glider B that has a mass of 5 kg and is at rest. If they stick upon collision, their speed after collision will be
A) 1/4 m/s.
B) 1/5 m/s.
C) 1/6 m/s.
D) 1 m/s.
E) none of the above
Q:
A 5000-kg freight car collides with a 10,000-kg freight car at rest. They couple upon collision and move at 2 m/s. What was the initial speed of the 5000-kg car?
A) 4 m/s
B) 5 m/s
C) 6 m/s
D) 8 m/s
E) none of the above
Q:
A 5000-kg freight car moving at 2 m/s collides with a 10,000-kg freight car at rest. They couple upon collision and move away at
A) 2 m/s.
B) 1 m/s.
C) 2/3 m/s.
D) 1/3 m/s.
Q:
Two identical gliders slide toward each other on an air track. One moves at 1 m/s and the other at 2 m/s. They collide, stick, and moves at
A) 1/2 m/s.
B) 1/3 m/s.
C) 1/6 m/s.
D) 3/4 m/s.
E) 1.5 m/s.
Q:
A golf ball moving forward with 1 unit of momentum strikes and bounces backward off a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest and free to move. The bowling ball is set in motion with a momentum of
A) less than 1 unit.
B) more than 1 unit.
C) 1 unit.
D) not enough information
Q:
If all people, animals, trains and trucks all over the world began to walk or run towards the east (opposite the direction of Earth's spin), then
A) Earth would spin a bit faster.
B) Earth would spin a bit slower.
C) Earth's spin would not be affected at all.
Q:
A fan attached to an ice sailcraft stalled on a windless day blows air into the sail that bounces backward upon impact. The boat
A) moves in the direction of the wind impact force.
B) does not move by this wind impact.
C) moves, but in the opposite direction of the wind impact force.
Q:
A 5-kg shark swimming at 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish swimming toward it at 4 m/s. The speed of the shark after his meal is
A) 1/2 m/s.
B) 1/5 m/s.
C) 1/6 m/s.
D) 2/3 m/s.
E) 3/2 m/s.
Q:
A 5-kg fish swimming at 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish at rest. The speed of the larger fish after lunch is
A) 1/2 m/s.
B) 2/5 m/s.
C) 5/6 m/s.
D) 6/5 m/s.
E) 1 m/s.
Q:
A 2-kg rifle that is suspended by strings fires a 0.01-kg bullet at 200 m/s. The recoil velocity of the rifle is about
A) 0.001 m/s.
B) 0.01 m/s.
C) 0.1 m/s.
D) 1 m/s.
E) none of these
Q:
A 1-kg chunk of putty moving at 1 m/s collides with and sticks to a 5-kg bowling ball initially at rest. The bowling ball and putty then move with a momentum of
A) 0 kg m/s.
B) 1 kg m/s.
C) 2 kg m/s.
D) 5 kg m/s.
E) more than 5 kg m/s.
Q:
An open freight car rolls friction free along a horizontal track in a pouring rain that falls vertically. As water accumulates in the car, the car's speed
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) doesn't change.
D) need more information
Q:
If a monkey floating in outer space throws his hat away, the hat and the monkey will both
A) move away from each other, but at different speeds.
B) move away from each other at the same speed.
C) move a short distance and then slow down.
D) move a short distance and then go faster.
E) come to a stop after a few minutes.
Q:
Two billiard balls having the same mass and speed roll toward each other. What is their combined momentum after they meet?
A) zero
B) half the sum of their original momentums
C) twice the sum of their original momentums
D) need more information
Q:
Recoil is noticeable if we throw a heavy ball while standing on roller skates. If instead we go through the motions of throwing the ball but hold onto it, our net recoil will be
A) zero.
B) the same as before.
C) small, but noticeable.
Q:
An astronaut floating alone in outer space throws a baseball. If the ball moves away at 20 m/s, the astronaut will
A) move in the opposite direction at 20 m/s.
B) move in the opposite direction at a lower speed.
C) move in the opposite direction at a higher speed.
D) none of the above
Q:
You're driving down the highway and a bug spatters into your windshield. Which undergoes the greater change in momentum during the time of contact?
A) the bug
B) your car
C) both the same
Q:
Freddy Frog drops vertically from a tree onto a horizontally-moving skateboard. The reason he doesn't slip off the skateboard is due to
A) inertia in motion.
B) momentum change.
C) friction between his feet and the board.
Q:
When Freddy Frog drops vertically from a tree onto a horizontally-moving skateboard, the speed of the skateboard
A) decreases.
B) increases.
C) neither decreases nor increases.
Q:
When bullets are fired from an airplane in the forward direction, the momentum of the airplane is
A) decreased.
B) unchanged.
C) increased.
Q:
The conservation of momentum is most closely related to
A) Newton's 1st law.
B) Newton's 2nd law.
C) Newton's 3rd law.
D) Newton's law of gravity
Q:
The change in momentum that occurs when a 1.0 kg ball traveling at 4.0 m/s strikes a wall and bounces back at 2.0 m/s is
A) 2 kg m/s.
B) 4 kg m/s.
C) 6 kg m/s.
D) 8 kg m/s.
Q:
A piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest. Both move with a combined momentum of
A) less than 1 unit.
B) more than 1 unit.
C) 1 unit.
D) need more information