Q&A Hero

Q: The part of the mantle located directly below the lithosphere is called the ______________. A) stratosphere B) Mohorovicic discontinuity C) mesosphere D) asthenosphere

Q: The sharply defined boundary that separates the crust from the mantle is called ______________. A) the lithosphere B) the asthenosphere C) the Mohorovicic discontinuity D) none of the above.

Q: P seismic waves can travel through ______________. A) solid material B) liquid C) gas D) plasma E) solid and liquid material

Q: S seismic waves can travel only through ______________. A) solid material B) liquid C) gas D) plasma

Q: Secondary seismic waves travel ______________ primary waves in solids. A) in the direction opposite to the movement of B) slower than C) faster than D) at right angles to

Q: Transverse seismic body waves are known by the letter ______________. A) B B) P C) S D) T

Q: Longitudinal seismic body waves are known by the letter ______________. A) P B) S C) T D) B

Q: Seismic waves that travel through our planet are called ______________ waves. A) Earth B) planet C) body D) ground

Q: When an earthquake occurs, the point of initial energy release is called the earthquake's ______________. A) epicenter B) fault line C) focus D) none of the above

Q: When an earthquake occurs, the location on Earth's surface above the point of initial energy release is called the earthquake's A) fault line. B) focus. C) epicenter. D) none of the above.

Q: After a major earthquake, the rocks may continue to adjust to their new positions, causing additional vibrations called A) aftershocks. B) reverberations. C) echoes. D) none of the above.

Q: The radius of Earth is about __________ mi. A) 6000 B) 8000 C) 4000 D) 2000

Q: Large fractures in Earth's surface that are associated with the movement of lithospheric plates are called ______________. A) canyons B) trenches C) subduction zones D) faults

Q: A(n) ______________ is manifested by the vibrating and sometimes violent movement of Earth's surface. A) Moho B) volcano C) earthquake D) asthenosphere

Q: The place, or zone, where one plate descends under another plate and into the asthenosphere is called a ______________ zone. A) subduction B) convection C) Mohorovic D) none of these

Q: The lithospheric plates are believed to be put into motion by the driving force of ______________ cells in the asthenosphere. A) cyclonic B) convection C) subduction D) none of these

Q: One plate slides horizontally past another plate at the type of plate boundary called ______________. A) convergent B) transform C) divergent D) none of these

Q: The type of plate boundary at which one plate collides with another and subduction occurs is called ______________. A) transform B) divergent C) convergent D) none of these

Q: One plate pulls away from another and new ocean rock is formed at the type of plate boundary called ______________. A) divergent B) convergent C) transform D) none of these

Q: The three types of plate boundaries are ______________, divergent, and transform boundaries. A) slip B) strike C) punch D) none of these

Q: The three types of plate boundaries are convergent, __________, and transform boundaries. A) divergent B) slip C) strike D) none of these

Q: The three types of plate boundaries are called convergent, divergent, and ______________ boundaries. A) strike B) slip C) transform D) none of these

Q: Geologists view the part of our planet that is called the ______________ as consisting of a number of close-fitting plates. A) mesosphere B) lithosphere C) asthenosphere D) none of these

Q: The discovery of seafloor spreading led to acceptance of the theory of A) plate tectonics. B) volcanism. C) convergence. D) divergence.

Q: The lowest places on Earth's surface are called __________ trenches. A) plateau B) mid-oceanic C) deep-sea D) none of these

Q: Remanent magnetism refers to the magnetism of rocks that contain the mineral named ______________. A) magnetite B) lodestone C) pyrite D) none of these

Q: Seafloor spreading occurs along ______________. A) fault lines B) subduction zones C) mid-ocean ridges D) none of these

Q: Alfred Wegener postulated that the continents were once part of a single supercontinent that he called ______________. A) Pangaea B) Africasia C) Amerasia D) Atlantis

Q: In 1960, the scientist named __________ proposed the concept of seafloor spreading. A) Andrija Mohorovicic B) Harry Hess C) Alfred Wegener D) None of the above

Q: In the early 1900s, the scientist named __________ revived the idea of continental drift. A) Alfred Wegener B) Harry Hess C) Andrija Mohorovicic D) None of the above

Q: The geologist Harry Hess proposed the theory of A) plate tectonics. B) continental drift. C) seafloor spreading. D) mountain building.

Q: The Alps are examples of which type of mountain? A) Fold B) Volcanic C) Fault-block D) None of these

Q: The Grand Tetons are examples of which type of mountain? A) Fold B) Fault-block C) Volcanic D) None of these

Q: The Andes are examples of which type of mountain? A) Fault-block B) Volcanic C) Fold D) None of these

Q: A simplified explanation of mountain building is provided by the theory of A) orogenesis. B) plate tectonics. C) continental accretion. D) epiorogenic movement.

Q: Which is not a general classification of mountains? A) Fault-block B) Fold C) Continental D) Volcanic

Q: What is the name of the surface along which rock formations move? A) Fault plane B) Transform plane C) Tension plane D) Fold plane

Q: What type of faulting results from expansive stresses? A) Reverse B) Normal C) Strike-slip D) Abnormal

Q: What type of faulting results from stresses parallel to the fault plane? A) Reverse B) Normal C) Abnormal D) Strike-slip

Q: What type of faulting results from compressional stresses? A) Reverse B) Abnormal C) Strike-slip D) Normal

Q: What type of forces result in strike-slip faulting? A) Expansive B) Compressional C) Parallel D) Gravitational

Q: What type of forces result in reverse faulting? A) Expansive B) Compressional C) Parallel D) Shear

Q: What type of forces result in normal faulting? A) Shear B) Compressional C) Expansive D) Parallel

Q: What type of faulting is expected along transform faults? A) Reverse B) Forward C) Strike-slip D) Normal

Q: Which of the following is not a general type of faulting? A) Forward B) Normal C) Strike-slip D) Reverse

Q: Folded rock layers that resemble a trough are called A) anticlines. B) inclines. C) synclines. D) paraclines.

Q: Folded rock layers that resemble an arch are called A) inclines. B) synclines. C) anticlines. D) paraclines.

Q: The layer of rock immediately below the lithosphere is called the A) outer core. B) asthenosphere. C) Moho. D) lower mantle.

Q: The lithosphere is A) a collection of plates separated by oceans. B) a collection of close-fitting plates. C) viscous, flowing magma. D) a solid, unbroken, spherical shell.

Q: The radius of Earth's mantle is about A) 870 km. B) 2900 km. C) 1050 km. D) 5800 km.

Q: Earth's outer core is A) liquid. B) part solid and part liquid. C) solid. D) frozen.

Q: Earth's inner core is A) liquid. B) part solid and part liquid. C) solid. D) molten.

Q: Earth's core is A) liquid. B) part solid and part liquid. C) solid. D) molten.

Q: Earth's oceanic crust ranges in thickness from about A) 98 to 140 km. B) 5 to 11 km. C) 19 to 98 km. D) 18 to 26 km.

Q: Earth's continental crust ranges in thickness from about A) 98 to 140 km. B) 19 to 40 km. C) 5 to 26 km. D) 8 to 16 km.

Q: Earth's thin, rocky, outer layer on which we live is called the A) seismosphere. B) geosphere. C) asthenosphere. D) crust.

Q: The structural region of Earth that has the greatest volume is the A) crust. B) outer core. C) mantle. D) inner core.

Q: The structural region of Earth that is a viscous liquid is the A) mantle. B) outer core. C) inner core. D) lithosphere.

Q: About what percent of Earth's radius do the crust and mantle together constitute? A) 15% B) 70% C) 45% D) 30%

Q: Earth's radius is about A) 3600 km. B) 5800 km. C) 6400 km. D) 4400 km.

Q: An earthquake of what magnitude on the Richter scale is the smallest felt by humans? A) 1 B) 2 C) 0 D) 4

Q: An earthquake S wave travels through A) the inner core only. B) the mantle only. C) the outer core only. D) all of these.

Q: An earthquake P wave travels through A) the inner core only. B) the mantle only. C) the outer core only. D) all of these.

Q: What is the name of the earthquake scale that describes the severity of an earthquake by noting the amount of damage it causes? A) Richter scale B) Mohs scale C) Torino scale D) Modified Mercalli scale.

Q: What is the name of the earthquake scale that gives an absolute measure of the energy released by an earthquake? A) Modified Mercalli scale B) Mohs scale C) Torino scale D) Richter scale

Q: The difference in time between the arrival of S waves and the arrival of P waves can be used to determine A) the magnitude of an earthquake. B) the epicenter of an earthquake. C) the damage caused by an earthquake. D) all of the above.

Q: The waves of an earthquake are detected by an instrument called a A) seismometer. B) seismogram. C) seismograph. D) seismoscope.

Q: Earthquake P waves are A) neither longitudinal nor transverse. B) transverse. C) longitudinal. D) sometimes longitudinal and sometimes transverse.

Q: Earthquake S waves are A) transverse. B) sometimes longitudinal and sometimes transverse. C) longitudinal. D) neither longitudinal nor transverse.

Q: S waves and P waves are earthquake body waves. S and P stand for A) sudden and post. B) sigma and pi. C) slow and proper. D) secondary and primary.

Q: Seismic waves that propagate through Earth are known as A) focus waves. B) surface waves. C) gravity waves. D) body waves.

Q: Most earthquake damage is caused by A) tsunamis. B) surface waves. C) P waves. D) S waves.

Q: The Mercalli scale was used to measure A) tornados. B) earthquakes. C) tsunamis. D) hurricanes.

Q: 5 steps on the Richter scale represents about how many times more energy? A) 32000 B) 32000000 C) 31900000 D) 500

Q: Each whole-number step on the Richter scale represents about how many times more energy release that the preceding whole-number step? A) 10 B) 32 C) 18 D) 2

Q: The Mohorovicic discontinuity is the boundary between A) the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. B) the crust and the mantle. C) the outer core and the inner core. D) the mantle and the outer core.

Q: The point of the initial energy release of an earthquake is called the A) shadow zone. B) subduction zone. C) focus. D) epicenter.

Q: Most earthquakes are caused by A) explosive volcanic eruptions. B) body waves. C) movement of lithospheric plates. D) tsunamis.

Q: The San Andreas fault in California is thought to be a boundary of two plates A) that are separating from one another. B) where one is pushing over the top of the other. C) that are sliding horizontally past one another. D) that are basically at rest.

Q: The basic mechanism for plate movement is thought to be A) earthquake surface waves. B) the tidal force of the Moon. C) convection cells in the asthenosphere. D) earthquake body waves.