Q&A Hero

Q: The location on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus is called A) the shadow zone. B) the epicenter. C) ground zero. D) the subduction zone.

Q: The lithosphere consists of A) all of the crust's depth. B) all of the crust's depth and part of the mantle's depth. C) part of the crust's depth. D) all of the crust's depth and all of the mantle's depth.

Q: The deflection of one lithospheric plate under another is called A) subduction. B) seafloor spreading. C) convergence. D) continental drift.

Q: The lithosphere "floats" on the asthenosphere, and the parts of lower density float higher. This state of buoyancy is called A) specific continuity. B) isostasy. C) the syncline anomaly. D) remanent balance.

Q: Which of the following is not one of the three types of plate boundaries? A) Diverging B) Converging C) Fault-block D) Transform

Q: A mid-ocean ridge is formed at the boundary of two plates A) that are separating from one another. B) that are sliding horizontally past one another. C) where one is pushing over the top of the other. D) that are basically at rest.

Q: Earth's core is believed to be composed of A) iron and nickel. B) silicate rocks. C) carbon and silicon. D) uranium and lead.

Q: The plastic-like substratum on which the lithospheric plates move is called the A) outer core. B) endosphere. C) isosphere. D) asthenosphere.

Q: A modern geologic theory that considers Earth's lithosphere to be made up of moving plates is known as A) the principle of uniformity. B) the law of superposition. C) the Moho concept. D) plate tectonics.

Q: Earth's mantle is A) metallic. B) very dense gas. C) solid. D) liquid.

Q: Remanent magnetism is present in rocks that contain the mineral named A) magnetite. B) quartz. C) hematite. D) calcite.

Q: Studies of remanent magnetism in rocks spreading from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reveal symmetric bands of magnetic anomalies. These anomalies provide A) support for the idea of continental drift. B) evidence of Earth's magnetic pole reversals. C) both (A) and (B). D) neither (A) nor (B).

Q: The theory of seafloor spreading was proposed in 1960 by A) Alfred Wegener. B) Harry Hess. C) Albert Einstein. D) Andrija Mohorovicic.

Q: Evidence of seafloor spreading along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is given by A) sea life. B) remanent magnetism. C) ocean currents. D) glaciation.

Q: Evidence for the existence for Pangaea includes A) biological evidence only. B) continuity of geologic features only. C) glacial evidence only. D) all of the above.

Q: Pangaea is believed to have broken up about how many years ago? A) 2000 million B) 2 million C) 20 million D) 200 million

Q: The idea of continental drift was not generally accepted when Wegener proposed it because A) the Bible did not support it. B) Wegener was a meteorologist, not a geologist. C) Wegener was not well known. D) no satisfactory mechanism was proposed.

Q: Alfred Wegenerspeculated that the present continents were once part of a single supercontinent that he named A) Landusia. B) Atlantis. C) Pangaea. D) Gondaland.

Q: Geologic evidence that supports the theory of continental drift does not include A) glaciation in the Southern Hemisphere. B) drag marks on the ocean floor. C) continuity of geologic structures. D) the discovery of the same fossils on different continents.

Q: The three principal types of mountain building are volcanic, fault-block, and ______________.

Q: The three principal types of mountain building are fold, volcanic, and ______________.

Q: The three principal types of mountain building are fold, fault-block, and ______________.

Q: The deflection of one plate under another is called ______________.

Q: A(n) ______________ ridge system stretches through the major oceans of the world.

Q: The Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States are examples of ______________ mountains.

Q: The Himalayas in Asia are examples of ______________ mountains.

Q: The mountains of the Alps in Europe are examples of ______________ mountains.

Q: Picnickers see a lightning flash of an approaching thunderstorm and hear the thunder 8.0 s later.a. Approximately how far away, in miles, is the storm?b. If the storm is moving at a speed of 10 mi/h and the picnickers take 20 minutes to finish eating and pack, will they get wet?

Q: During the approach of a severe thunderstorm, workers on a project see lightning and then hear the resulting thunder 5.0 s later. How far away, in kilometers, is the storm?

Q: A cold front traveling at an average speed of 35 km/h eastward is 280 km due west of you. Approximately how long will it be before your location experiences a sudden temperature drop?

Q: Changes in Earth's thermal balance by decreasing the transparency of the atmosphere to insolation can result from ______________ pollution.

Q: Albedo changes may result from ______________ pollution.

Q: The component in CFCs that is responsible for destroying ozone is ______________.

Q: In the amended Montreal Protocol, many nations agreed to phase out ______________ by the year 2000.

Q: A color-coded ______________ Index is used to indicate how good or bad the air is, in terms of pollution.

Q: The type of smog that forms in Los Angeles is called ______________ smog.

Q: A common fuel impurity in fossil fuels is ______________.

Q: A class of pollutants formed at high temperatures (nearly complete combustion) in the presence of air is ______________.

Q: Smog is a mixture of ______________ and ______________.

Q: Air pollution results from ______________ combustion of ______________ fuels.

Q: A natural agent of chemical weathering that is enhanced by CO2 pollution is ______________.

Q: A high-pressure air mass that moves over a region and then becomes stationary may give rise to a(n) ________________ inversion.

Q: Coal, gas, and oil are ______________ fuels.

Q: Flashes from unseen lightning are called ______________.

Q: Snowstorms accompanied by high winds and low temperatures are called ______________.

Q: When at home during a tornado warning, you should seek shelter in the ______________ of the building.

Q: The dome of water associated with a hurricane making landfall is called a(n) ______________.

Q: Hurricanes derive their energy from ______________.

Q: The low-pressure center of a hurricane is called the ______________.

Q: Conditions opposite to those of El Nio conditions are called ______________.

Q: A tornado ______________ is issued when a tornado has been sighted or indicated on radar.

Q: Rain that freezes upon striking a cold surface gives rise to a(n) ______________ storm.

Q: Lightning between a cloud and the surrounding air is called ______________.

Q: The boundary between two air masses is called a(n) ______________.

Q: An air mass forming over the Gulf of Mexico would be classified as ______________.

Q: An air mass derives its characteristics from its _____________.

Q: The process by which raindrops are formed by the collision of droplets is called ______________.

Q: In the Bergeron process, condensation occurs on ______________.

Q: When air is cooled below its dew point without condensation, it is said to be ______________.

Q: It is believed that excessive CO2 emissions will cause A) a decrease in Earth's average temperature. B) a decrease in Earth's average rainfall. C) an increase in Earth's average rainfall. D) an increase in Earth's average temperature.

Q: The pollutant that affects the oxygen-carrying capability of the blood is A) CO. B) SOx. C) CO2. D) NOx

Q: The pollutant primarily responsible for acid rain is A) NO2. B) CO2. C) O3. D) SO2.

Q: Atmospheric sulfur pollution gives rise to A) acid snow only. B) acid fog only. C) acid rain only. D) all of these.

Q: The major source of NOx pollution is A) combustion for electrical generation. B) industry. C) transportation. D) domestic heating.

Q: The major source of CO pollution is A) combustion for electrical generation. B) industry. C) domestic heating. D) transportation.

Q: A compound resulting from a major fuel impurity is A) CO2. B) CO. C) SO2. D) HC.

Q: One of the best indicators of photochemical smog is A) CO2. B) HC. C) O3. D) NOx.

Q: A product of incomplete combustion that is a major air pollutant is A) H2O. B) O2. C) NOx. D) CO.

Q: Which of the following is not a fossil fuel? A) Uranium B) Oil C) Coal D) Gas

Q: The boundary between two air masses is called a A) squall line. B) blizzard. C) tornado. D) front.

Q: The greatest cause of hurricane deaths is A) the storm surge. B) panic. C) the eye. D) high winds.

Q: Hurricanes derive their energy from A) gravity. B) specific heat. C) the Coriolis force. D) latent heat.

Q: A tornado warning is issued A) when weather conditions suggest that a tornado might form. B) only when a tornado has been sighted. C) only when a tornado has been indicated on radar. D) when a tornado has been either sighted or indicated on radar.

Q: The safest place in the home to seek shelter from a tornado is the A) basement. B) kitchen. C) bedroom. D) attic.

Q: During a severe thunderstorm, it is advisable to A) seek shelter under a tree. B) do laundry or watch TV. C) call someone on the phone. D) do none of these things.

Q: El Nio A) increases the rainfall for the South American coastal countries. B) means "little girl" in Spanish. C) gives rise to colder ocean water in the eastern Pacific. D) occurs when trade winds blow from east to west.

Q: Storms A) develop as a consequence of frontal activity. B) are atmospheric disturbances. C) develop within a single air mass. D) all of the above

Q: A hurricane watch is issued when A) a tropical storm begins to form. B) a hurricane has been sighted. C) a storm surge has hit the coast. D) there is a threat of hurricane conditions within 24 to 36 h.

Q: A tropical storm becomes a hurricane when its wind speed reaches A) 50 mi/h. B) 120 mi/h. C) 74 mi/h. D) 100 mi/h.

Q: Lightning damage comes chiefly from ______________ discharge. A) intracloud B) air C) cloud-to-cloud D) cloud-to-ground