Q&A Hero

Physic

Q: Which of the following polyatomic ions has a single minus charge? A) Acetate B) Sulfate C) Phosphate D) Ammonium
Q: The preferred name for N2O (commonly called nitrous oxide) is A) nitrogen(II) oxide. B) nitric acid. C) nitric oxide. D) dinitrogen oxide.
Q: The preferred name for Cl2O7 is A) chlorine(II) oxide. B) chlorine oxide. C) dichlorine heptoxide. D) chlorine(VII) oxide.
Q: Which of the following is a negatively charged polyatomic ion? A) Ammonium ion B) Oxide ion C) Sodium ion D) Nitrate ion
Q: Which of the following is a positively charged polyatomic ion? A) Potassium ion B) Sulfide ion C) Ammonium ion D) Sulfate ion
Q: The hydroxide ion has a charge of A) 1". B) zero. C) 1+. D) 2+.
Q: An atom that has equal amounts of protons and electrons is a ______________ ion. A) neutral B) positive C) negative D) polyatomic
Q: An atom that has more protons than electrons is a ______________ ion. A) neutral B) positive C) negative D) polyatomic
Q: An atom that has more electrons than protons is a ______________ ion. A) neutral B) positive C) negative D) polyatomic
Q: The ______________ for compounds are written by putting the composing elements' symbols adjacent to each other, with subscripts indicating the number of atoms of each. A) equations B) molecules C) isotopes D) formulas
Q: In addition to those of Groups 1A and 2A, three common elements that form only one ion each are A) Sc, Ti, and Hg. B) Pb, Sn, and Cu. C) Al, Zn, and Ag. D) Ga, Ni, and Fe.
Q: Elements in Period 2 of the periodic table have electrons in how many shells? A) 1 B) 3 C) 4 D) 2
Q: How many shells in an atom of silicon contain electrons? A) 3 B) 2 C) 5 D) 4
Q: Which of the following elements has the lowest ionization energy? A) Ar B) Na C) Ne D) Li
Q: Which of the following Period 3 atoms has the smallest radius? A) Ar B) Al C) S D) Na
Q: How many valence electrons does an atom of phosphorus have? A) 15 B) 5 C) zero D) 3
Q: How many valence electrons do the Group 6A elements have? A) 7 B) zero C) 6 D) 1
Q: The periodic law states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic A) radii. B) shells. C) numbers. D) masses.
Q: Which of the following Period 4 elements has the largest atom? A) Kr B) Ga C) Ca D) Br
Q: Which of the following Period 4 elements has the smallest atom? A) Kr B) Ga C) Ca D) Br
Q: Which of the following Group 1A elements has the smallest atom? A) Rb B) Na C) K D) Li
Q: Which of the following Group 1A elements has the largest atom? A) Rb B) Na C) K D) Li
Q: In a given period, the element of which group has the highest ionization energy? A) 2A B) 8A C) 7A D) 1A
Q: Electrons in the outermost shell are referred to as ______________ electrons. A) valence B) orbital C) f shell D) s shell
Q: The reaction is an example ofA) alpha emission.B) naturally occurring neutron decay.C) fusion.D) fission.
Q: Oak Ridge, Tennessee, was built to separate A) 235U from 238U. B) 14C from 12C. C) 2H from 1H. D) 239Pu from 238U.
Q: The "splitting" of the atom was first discovered in A) 1952. B) 1869. C) 1938. D) 1905.
Q: Enriched uranium is a better nuclear reactor fuel than natural uranium because enriched uranium contains a greater proportion of A) 239Pu. B) 235U. C) 238U. D) 2H.
Q: Natural uranium contains about what percentage of the fissionable isotope 235U? A) 50% B) 99% C) 1% D) 19%
Q: Which of the following four elements is a neutron-absorbing material used in controlling nuclear reactors? A) Gold B) Boron C) Iron D) Carbon
Q: The primary function of a moderator in a nuclear reactor is to A) absorb neutrons. B) cool the fuel rods. C) slow down neutrons. D) transfer heat.
Q: Breeder reactors A) produce plutonium from 238U. B) use 238U as a fuel. C) produce 235U from 238U. D) produce 238U from 235U.
Q: An amount of fissionable material that will notsustain a chain reaction is called A) a subatomic mass. B) a subisotopic mass. C) a subcritical mass. D) none of these.
Q: The fission of 235U nuclei is initiated by A) electrons. B) protons. C) alpha particles. D) neutrons.
Q: The process of obtaining energy by splitting a large nucleus is called A) nucleogenesis. B) fusion. C) bombardment. D) fission.
Q: Neutrons are good "projectiles" for inducing nuclear reactions because they A) have no electric charge. B) are themselves unstable. C) are highly energetic. D) have no mass.
Q: Which of the following is a transuranium element? A) Tc B) Pu C) Tm D) Pm
Q: The analytical procedure that bombards a sample with neutrons and measures the frequency of gamma rays emitted is called A) the alpha scattering technique. B) carbon dating. C) neutron activation analysis. D) Geiger counting.
Q: Artificial transmutations are generally achieved using A) Geiger counters. B) particle accelerators. C) tokamaks. D) mass spectrometers.
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Q: Plutonium-239 and uranium-235 undergo fission when bombarded by A) protons. B) neutrons. C) alpha particles. D) electrons.
Q: The smallest amount of a fissionable material that will give a self-sustaining chain reaction is called the A) mass defect. B) mass number. C) atomic mass. D) critical mass.
Q: Which of the following is a transuranium element? A) Am B) Pa C) Ra D) Tc
Q: Which of the following instruments detects and measures radioactivity? A) Geiger counter B) Cyclotron C) Tokamak D) Mass spectrometer
Q: The half-life of 20F is 11 s. What fraction of a sample of 20F will remain after 99 s have elapsed? A) 1/10 B) 1/9 C) 1/400 D) 1/512 E) None of these
Q: The half-life of 20F is 11 s. What fraction of a sample of 20F will remain after 44 s have elapsed? A) 1/4 B) 1/16 C) 1/8 D) None of these
Q: The half-life of 3H is 12 years. About how long does it take for 63/64 of a sample of that radionuclide to decay? A) 6 years B) 11.8 years C) 12.2 years D) 72 years
Q: The half-life of 3H is 12 years. About how long does it take for 7/8 of a sample of that radionuclide to decay? A) 3 years B) 24 years C) 4 years D) 36 years
Q: After two half-lives have gone by, what fraction of the original sample of a radionuclide remains? A) 1/8 B) 1/4 C) 1/3 D) None of these
Q: After four half-lives have elapsed, what fraction of the original amount has changed into another element? A) 3/4 B) 7/8 C) 15/16 D) None of these
Q: After seven half-lives have elapsed, what fraction of the original amount of radionuclide remains? A) 1/7 B) 1/14 C) 1/128 D) None of these
Q: After three half-lives have elapsed, what fraction of the original amount of radionuclide remains? A) 1/3 B) 1/4 C) 1/8 D) None of these
Q: If the activity of a sample of 232Th decreases from 1000 cpm to 500 cpm in 60 min, in another 60 min its activity will be A) 500 cpm. B) 0 cpm. C) 250 cpm. D) 125 cpm.
Q: No radionuclides decay by emitting A) protons. B) alpha particles. C) electrons. D) gamma rays.
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Q: Radioactivity was discovered in A) Berlin. B) Berkeley. C) Paris. D) Cambridge.
Q: Who discovered radium? A) Marie and Pierre Curie B) Ernest Rutherford C) Henri Becquerel D) Niels Bohr
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Q: Which of the following nuclides would be stable?
Q: With only two exceptions, if a nucleus contains fewer ______________ than ______________, it is unstable. A) protons; neutrons B) neutrons; protons C) protons; alpha particles D) protons; beta particles
Q: When the number of protons in a nucleus exceeds ______________, the nucleus is unstable. A) 65 B) 56 C) 83 D) 103
Q: Most stable types of nuclei have an ______________ number of protons and an ______________ number of neutrons. A) even; odd B) odd; odd C) odd; even D) even; even
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Q: What happens to the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A) when a nucleus emits a gamma ray? A) Zincreases by 1; Ais unchanged. B) Zis unchanged; Ais unchanged. C) Zdecreases by 1; Ais unchanged. D) Zdecreases by 2; Adecreases by 4.
Q: What happens to the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A) when a nucleus emits an alpha particle? A) Zincreases by 1; Ais unchanged. B) Zis unchanged; Ais unchanged. C) Zdecreases by 2; Adecreases by 4. D) Zdecreases by 1; Ais unchanged.
Q: What happens to the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A) when a nucleus emits a beta particle (electron)? A) Zincreases by 1; Ais unchanged. B) Zis unchanged; Ais unchanged. C) Zdecreases by 2; Adecreases by 4. D) Zdecreases by 1; Ais unchanged.
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Q: When an unstable Ag nucleus undergoes gamma decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Silver. B) Indium. C) Palladium. D) Rhodium. E) Cadmium.
Q: When an unstable Es nucleus undergoes gamma decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Es. B) Md. C) Cf. D) Bk. E) Fm.
Q: When an unstable Cesium nucleus undergoes gamma decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Cesium. B) Lanthanum. C) Xenon. D) Iodine. E) Barium.
Q: When an unstable Lu nucleus undergoes alpha decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Lutetium. B) Tantalum. C) Ytterbium. D) Thulium. E) Hafnium.
Q: When an unstable Ir nucleus undergoes alpha decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Ir. B) Au. C) Os. D) Re. E) Pt.
Q: When an unstable Americium nucleus undergoes alpha decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Americium. B) Berkelium. C) Plutonium. D) Neptunium. E) Curium.
Q: When an unstable Ce nucleus undergoes beta decay, the nucleus formed is that of A) Cerium. B) Neodymium. C) Lanthanum. D) Barium. E) Praeseodymium.
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