Q&A Hero

Q: For an ideal gas with Nand Theld constant, an increase in volume will result in a(n) ____________ in pressure.

Q: If the volume and the number of molecules remain constant for a gas, a temperature increase causes the pressure to ______________.

Q: If the temperature and number of molecules remain constant for a gas, a pressure increase results in a volume ______________.

Q: In the gas laws, the ______________ temperature scale must be used.

Q: Gas pressure is caused by molecular ______________ with the walls of the container.

Q: The energy needed to change the phase of a substance is called ______________.

Q: On bare feet, a tile floor feels colder than a rug because the tile has a greater ______________.

Q: Use the following to answer questions 73-77:The latent heat of fusion is the amount of energy per kilogram necessary to go from point ______________ to point ______________.

Q: Use the following to answer questions 73-77:The substance is entirely a solid between points ______________ and ______________.

Q: Use the following to answer questions 73-77:The substance is entirely a gas between points ______________ and ______________.

Q: Use the following to answer questions 73-77:Temperatures 1 and 2 are the ______________ and the ______________, respectively.

Q: Use the following to answer questions 73-77:The substance is entirely a liquid between points ______________ and ______________.

Q: The amount of heat necessary to change a liquid to a solid at constant temperature is the ______________.

Q: A ______________ has a definite volume and assumes the shape of its container.

Q: ______________ is the process whereby energetic molecules escape from a liquid.

Q: Solids, liquids, and gases are called ______________ of matter.

Q: Water has a specific heat value of ______________.

Q: The SI unit of heat is the ______________.

Q: The ice point and the steam point of water are commonly called the ______________ point and the ______________ point, respectively.

Q: Below 4°C, water ______________ with decreasing temperature.

Q: A common property used to measure temperature is the ______________ of materials.

Q: The ______________ temperature scale has no negative readings.

Q: The Fahrenheit scale has a ___________ degree size than the Celsius scale.

Q: In a heat pump, A) heat is used to do work. B) heat flows spontaneously. C) the same process is used as in a heat engine. D) work is used to transfer heat.

Q: If 900 Joules of heat is added to a system, while the system does 700 Joules, by how much does the internal energy increase?A) -1600 JB) -200 JC) 900 JD) 200 JE) 1600 J

Q: If 900 Joules of heat is added to a system, and the internal energy increases by 800 Joules, how much work is done by the system?A) -1700JB) -100 JC) 900 JD) 100 JE) 1700 J

Q: The impossibility of reaching a temperature of absolute zero is incorporated in A) the third law of thermodynamics. B) the first law of thermodynamics. C) the second law of thermodynamics. D) an increase in entropy.

Q: A heat engine A) converts heat to work. B) converts heat to internal energy. C) transfers heat from a low-temperature reservoir. D) converts work to heat.

Q: A quantity that gives the direction of a thermodynamic process is A) entropy. B) efficiency. C) specific heat. D) energy.

Q: For every natural process, the entropy of the universe A) is destroyed. B) decreases. C) increases. D) remains constant.

Q: Which of the following is notdirectly involved in the second law of thermodynamics? A) Spontaneous heat flow B) Converting all heat input into work C) Conservation of energy D) Entropy

Q: When heat is added to a closed system, it goes into A) work only. B) entropy only. C) internal energy only. D) either (A) or (C) or both.

Q: If the temperature of a quantity of ideal gas increases, then A) the number of molecules must increase. B) the pressure must increase. C) the volume must increase. D) the product of the pressure and volume must increase.

Q: A ______________ is an ultra-hot collection of electrically charged particles. A) gas B) liquid C) plasma D) solid

Q: When a material is found to have no definite volume and no definite shape, what is the phase of the material? A) Gas B) Liquid C) Plasma D) Solid

Q: When a material is found to have a definite volume and definite shape, and when it doesn't require a container to maintain its shape, what is the phase of the material? A) Gas B) Liquid C) Plasma D) Solid

Q: When a material is found to have a definite volume but no definite shape, and when it assumes the shape of the container in which it is placed, what is the phase of the material? A) Gas B) Liquid C) Plasma D) Solid

Q: What happens to a sample of water when its temperature is reduced between 4°C and 100°C?A) Its density increases.B) It vaporizes.C) Its density decreases.D) Its density remains constant.

Q: What happens to a sample of water when its temperature is reduced between 0°C and 4°C?A) Its density increases.B) It vaporizes.C) Its density decreases.D) Its density remains constant.

Q: A constant volume and mass of helium gas at 77°C is heated so that the pressure of the gas doubles. What is the new temperature of the gas in Celsius degrees?A) 154°CB) 273°CC) 427°CD) 700°C

Q: What happens to a sample of water when it is heated between 4°C and 100°C?A) Its volume increases.B) Its volume is reduced.C) It vaporizes.D) Nothing changes except its temperature.

Q: What happens to a sample of water when it is heated between 0°C and 4°C?A) Its volume increases.B) Its volume is reduced.C) It vaporizes.D) Nothing changes except its temperature.

Q: At approximately what temperature does water have its greatest density?A) 4°CB) 100°CC) 0°CD) None of these; the density of water is constant at all temperatures.

Q: Which laboratory observation would most support the kinetic theory's assumption that molecules in a gas are widely separated? A) A gas exerts the same pressure on each part of a container's wall. B) A gas is highly compressible. C) A gas with a lower formula mass diffuses more rapidly than one with a higher formula mass. D) A gas expands when the pressure on it is released.

Q: Which laboratory observation would most support the kinetic theory's assumption that gas molecules have little attraction for one another? A) A gas expands when the pressure on it is released. B) A gas with a lower formula mass diffuses more rapidly than one with a higher formula mass. C) A gas exerts the same pressure on each part of a container's wall. D) A gas has mass.

Q: The energy involved in a phase change is called the A) specific heat. B) thermal energy. C) internal energy. D) latent heat.

Q: The amount of heat necessary to change 1 kg of a liquid into a gas at the same temperature is called the A) entropy. B) boiling point. C) latent heat of vaporization. D) latent heat of fusion.

Q: The amount of heat necessary to change 1 kg of a solid into a liquid at the same temperature is called the A) entropy. B) melting point. C) latent heat of vaporization. D) latent heat of fusion.

Q: A change of phase takes place at a constant A) temperature. B) volume. C) heat. D) pressure.

Q: A home fireplace loses most of its heat by A) radiation into the room. B) convection up the chimney. C) radiation up the chimney. D) conduction to the sides of the fireplace.

Q: How much heat is necessary to change 30 g of water at 100°C into steam at 100°C?A) 0.24 kcalB) 16200 kcalC) 16.2 kcalD) 2.4 kcal

Q: How much heat is necessary to change 30 g of water at 40°C into steam at 100°C?A) 0.18 kcalB) 1.8 kcalC) 18 kcalD) 2.04 kcal

Q: A sample of gas has its number of molecules tripled, its Kelvin temperature quadrupled, and its volume tripled. By what factor has the new pressure changed relative to the original pressure? A) 4 B) 4.7 C) 36.3 D) 36

Q: The number of molecules in a container is doubled and the Kelvin temperature doubled. The volume remains unchanged. The new pressure will be how many times greater than the original pressure? A) 4 B) 1 C) 10 D) 8

Q: An ideal gas is confined to a container with an adjustable volume. If the number of molecules and the temperature are held constant, by what factor will the volume change when the pressure is quintupled? A) 25 B) 0.2 C) 0.04 D) 5

Q: How much heat is required to melt 6.0 kg of ice at 0°C to water at 0°C?A) 480 kcalB) 0 kcalC) 3240 kcalD) 720 kcal

Q: On a winter day the temperature drops from -15°C to -25°C overnight. If a pan sitting outside contains 0.50 kg of ice, how much heat is removed from the ice for this temperature change?A) 0.25 kcalB) 2.5 kcalC) 10 kcalD) 1 kcal

Q: How much heat is necessary to change 30 g of water at 40°C into water at 60°C?A) 0.06 kcalB) 0.6 kcalC) 3 kcalD) 0.54 kcal

Q: How much heat is necessary to change 10 g of ice at -10°C into water at 20°C?A) 0.025 kcalB) 0.25 kcalC) 1.05 kcalD) 0.095 kcal

Q: Which of the following has the highest thermal conductivity? A) Air B) A newspaper C) A rug D) An aluminum saucepan

Q: Which of the following has the lowest thermal conductivity? A) Glass B) Iron C) Wood D) Styrofoam

Q: A circular hole is drilled into an aluminum sheet. When the sheet is heated, the diameter of the hole will A) become smaller. B) become larger. C) depend on the thickness of the sheet. D) not be affected.

Q: Heat transfer from hot or cold liquids in a thermos bottle is prevented by ______________. A) convection B) conduction C) radiation D) all of these

Q: The insulation in walls uses which of the following methods to prevent heat transfer? A) Conduction B) Convection C) Radiation D) Conduction and convection E) All of these

Q: The heating of a room by a fire in a fireplace is chiefly due to A) vaporization. B) radiation. C) convection. D) conduction.

Q: The Sun's rays are transmitted to Earth by means of A) radiation. B) convection. C) temperature. D) conduction.

Q: Heat transfer that involves mass movement is A) temperature. B) conduction. C) convection. D) radiation.

Q: The amount of heat necessary to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance 1C is A) 1 cal. B) the specific heat. C) the heat difference. D) 1 J.

Q: The units of specific heat areA) kcal-kg/°C.B) J/kg-°C.C) kcal-kg.D) J/kg.

Q: The SI unit of heat is the A) calorie. B) joule. C) kilocalorie. D) Btu.

Q: A large calorie (Cal) is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of one ______________ of water by one Celsius degree. A) dekagram B) centigram C) gram D) kilogram

Q: The average kinetic energy of the molecules in a gas is a measure of A) volume. B) density. C) temperature. D) heat content.

Q: One kelvin unit is equivalent to A) 9/5 Fahrenheit degrees. B) 1 Fahrenheit degree. C) 2 Celsius degrees. D) 1.8 Celsius degrees.

Q: Car B is traveling twice as fast as car A, but car A has twice the mass of car B. Which car has the greater kinetic energy and by what factor is it greater?

Q: Work in the amount of 280 J is done in lifting an object a distance of 4.0 m in a time of 7.0 s. a. How much force did it take to lift the object? b. What was the power input?

Q: A 5.00-kg object is lifted from the floor to a shelf. The object's new gravitational potential energy relative to the floor is 102 J. What is the height of the shelf?

Q: A 5.0-kg object is lifted 1.1 m from the floor to a table. What is the object's gravitational potential energy relative to the floor?

Q: A force of 12 N acts on a 2.0-kg object through a parallel distance of 1.5 m. How much work is done on the object?

Q: Given 10 kWh of electricity and assuming no losses, how much work, in joules, could be done?

Q: A student with a 5.0-kg book bag on her way to class climbs two flights of stairs (a 10-m vertical distance) in 15 s. At what rate did the student do work in carrying the book bag up the stairs?