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Physic
Q:
A convex spherical surface with radius rseparates a medium with index of refraction 2 from air. As an object in air is moved toward the surface from far away along the central axis, its image:
A) changes from virtual to real when it is a distancer/2 from the surface
B) changes from virtual to real when it is a distancerfrom the surface
C) changes from real to virtual when it is a distancer/2 from the surface
D) changes from real to virtual when it is a distancerfrom the surface
E) remains real
Q:
A concave refracting surface of a medium with index of refraction nproduces a real image no matter where an object is placed outside:
A) always
B) only if the index of refraction of the surrounding medium is less than n
C) only if the index of refraction of the surrounding medium is greater than n
D) never
E) none of the above
Q:
A concave refracting surface is one with a center of curvature:
A) to the left of the surface
B) to the right of the surface
C) on the side of the incident light
D) on the side of the refracted light
E) on the side with the higher index of refraction
Q:
An object O, in air, is in front of the concave spherical refracting surface of a piece of glass. Which of the general situations depicted below is like this situation? A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
Q:
A parallel beam of monochromatic light in air is incident on a plane glass surface. In the glass, the beam:
A) remains parallel
B) undergoes dispersion
C) becomes diverging
D) follows a parabolic path
E) becomes converging
Q:
A concave mirror forms a real image which is twice the size of the object. If the object is 20 cm from the mirror, the radius of curvature of the mirror must be about:
A) 13 cm
B) 20 cm
C) 27 cm
D) 40 cm
E) 80 cm
Q:
At what distance in front of a concave mirror must an object be placed so that the image and object are the same size?
A) one focal length
B) half the focal length
C) twice the focal length
D) less than half the focal length
E) more than twice the focal length
Q:
An erect object is located on the central axis of a spherical mirror. The magnification is "3. This means its image is:
A) real, inverted, and on the same side of the mirror
B) virtual, erect, and on the opposite side of the mirror
C) real, erect, and on the same side of the mirror
D) real, inverted, and on the opposite side of the mirror
E) virtual, inverted, and on the opposite side of the mirror
Q:
A concave spherical mirror has a focal length of 12 cm. If an erect object is placed 6 cm in front of it:
A) the magnification is 2 and the image is erect
B) the magnification is 2 and the image is inverted
C) the magnification is 0.67 and the image is erect
D) the magnification is 0.67 and the image is inverted
E) the magnification is 0.5 and the image is erect
Q:
A convex spherical mirror has a focal length of 12 cm. If an object is placed 6 cm in front of it the image position is:
A) 4 cm behind the mirror
B) 4 cm in front of the mirror
C) 12 cm behind the mirror
D) 12 cm in front of the mirror
E) at infinity
Q:
A concave spherical mirror has a focal length of 12 cm. If an object is placed 18 cm in front of it the image position is:
A) 7.2 cm behind the mirror
B) 7.2 cm in front of the mirror
C) 36 cm behind the mirror
D) 36 cm in front of the mirror
E) at infinity
Q:
A concave spherical mirror has a focal length of 12 cm. If an object is placed 6 cm in front of it the image position is:
A) 4 cm behind the mirror
B) 4 cm in front of the mirror
C) 12 cm behind the mirror
D) 12 cm in front of the mirror
E) at infinity
Q:
The figure shows a concave mirror with a small object located at the point marked 6. If the image is also at this point, then the center of curvature of the mirror is at the point marked: A) 3
B) 4
C) 6
D) 9
E) 12
Q:
A man stands with his nose 8 cm from a concave shaving mirror of radius 32 cm. The distance from the mirror to the image of his nose is:
A) 8 cm
B) 12 cm
C) 16 cm
D) 24 cm
E) 32 cm
Q:
If the image distance is negative,
A) the image is real.
B) the image is virtual.
C) the mirror is concave.
D) you have made a mistake; image distances must be positive.
E) the object distance must also be negative.
Q:
The image of an erect candle, formed using a convex mirror, is always:
A) virtual, inverted, and smaller than the candle
B) virtual, inverted, and larger than the candle
C) virtual, erect, and larger than the candle
D) virtual, erect, and smaller than the candle
E) real, erect, and smaller than the candle
Q:
As an object is moved from a distant location toward the center of curvature of a concave mirror its image:
A) remains virtual and becomes smaller
B) remains virtual and becomes larger
C) remains real and becomes smaller
D) remains real and becomes larger
E) changes from real to virtual
Q:
As an object is moved from the center of curvature of a concave mirror toward its focal point its image:
A) remains virtual and becomes larger
B) remains virtual and becomes smaller
C) remains real and becomes larger
D) remains real and becomes smaller
E) remains real and approaches the same size as the object
Q:
An erect object is located between a concave mirror and its focal point. Its image is:
A) real, erect, and larger than the object
B) real, inverted, and larger than the object
C) virtual, erect, and larger than the object
D) virtual, inverted, and larger than the object
E) virtual, erect, and smaller than the object
Q:
The focal length of a spherical mirror is Ntimes its radius of curvature where Nis:
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 1
D) 2
E) 4
Q:
Real images formed by a spherical mirror are always:
A) on the side of the mirror opposite the object
B) on the same side of the mirror as the object but closer to the mirror than the object
C) on the same side of the mirror as the object but closer to the mirror than the focal point
D) on the same side of the mirror as the object but further from the mirror than the focal point
E) none of the above
Q:
The passenger-side rear view mirror on a car says, "Objects in the mirror may be closer than they appear". Assuming the images are not inverted, this mirror must be:
A) concave
B) plane
C) convex
D) mounted on the wrong side of the car
E) confused, as objects cannot be closer than they appear
Q:
A point source is to be used with a concave mirror to produce a beam of parallel light. The source should be placed:
A) as close to the mirror as possible
B) at the center of curvature
C) midway between the center of curvature and the focal point
D) midway between the center of curvature and the mirror
E) midway between the focal point and the mirror
Q:
An erect object is in front of a convex mirror a distance greater than the focal length. The image is:
A) real, inverted, and smaller than the object
B) virtual, inverted, and larger than the object
C) real, inverted, and larger than the object
D) virtual, erect, and smaller than the object
E) real, erect, and larger than the object
Q:
The image produced by a convex mirror of an erect object in front of the mirror is always:
A) virtual, erect, and larger than the object
B) virtual, erect, and smaller than the object
C) real, erect, and larger than the object
D) real, erect, and smaller than the object
E) none of the above
Q:
A candle C sits between two parallel mirrors, a distance 0.2dfrom mirror 1. Here dis the distance between the mirrors. Multiple images of the candle appear in both mirrors. How far behind mirror 1 are the nearest three images of the candle in that mirror? A) 0.2d, 1.8d, 2.2d
B) 0.2d, 2.2d, 4.2d
C) 0.2d, 1.8d, 3.8d
D) 0.2d, 0.8d, 1.4d
E) 0.2d, 1.8d, 3.4d
Q:
A ball is held 50 cm in front of a plane mirror. The distance between the ball and its image is:
A) 0 cm
B) 50 cm
C) 100 cm
D) 150 cm
E) 200 cm
Q:
Roadway mirages are formed when:
A) the warm air above the hood of your car bends light from the sky, making the road appear wet
B) a layer of cold air above the road bends light from the sky, making it look like there is a puddle on the road
C) a layer of warm air above the road bends light from the sky, making it look like there is a puddle on the road
D) a layer of cold air above the road bends light from the road so it looks wet when it is actually dry
E) a layer of warm air above the road bends light from the road so it looks wet when it is actually dry
Q:
An object is 2 m in front of a plane mirror. Its image is:
A) virtual, inverted, and 2 m behind the mirror
B) virtual, inverted, and 2 m in front of the mirror
C) virtual, erect, and 2 m in front of the mirror
D) real, erect, and 2 m behind the mirror
E) none of the above
Q:
When you stand in front of a plane mirror, your image is:
A) real, erect, and smaller than you
B) real, erect, and the same size as you
C) virtual, erect, and smaller than you
D) virtual, erect, and the same size as you
E) real, inverted, and the same size as you
Q:
The term "virtual" as applied to an image made by a mirror means that the image:
A) is on the mirror surface
B) cannot be photographed by a camera
C) is in front of the mirror
D) is the same size as the object
E) cannot be shown directly on a screen
Q:
Which of the following is true of all virtual images?
A) They can be seen but not photographed
B) They appear only briefly
C) They are smaller than the objects
D) They are larger than the objects
E) None of the above
Q:
A virtual image is one:
A) toward which light rays converge but do not pass through
B) from which light rays diverge but do not pass through
C) from which light rays diverge as they pass through
D) toward which light rays converge and pass through
E) with a ray normal to a mirror passing through it
Q:
Two plane mirrors make an angle of 120°with each other. The maximum number of images of an object placed between them is:A) oneB) twoC) threeD) fourE) more than four
Q:
A plane mirror is in a vertical plane and is rotating about a vertical axis at 100 rpm. A horizontal beam of light is incident on the mirror. The reflected beam will rotate at:
A) 0 rpm
B) 100 rpm
C) 141 rpm
D) 200 rpm
E) 10,000 rpm
Q:
A light bulb burns in front of the center of a 40-cm wide mirror that is hung vertically on a wall. A man walks in front of the mirror along a line that is parallel to the mirror and twice as far from it as the bulb. The greatest distance he can walk and see the image of the bulb at all times is:
A) 20 cm
B) 40 cm
C) 60 cm
D) 80 cm
E) 120 cm
Q:
A man holds a rectangular card in front of and parallel to a plane mirror. In order for him to see the entire image of the card, the least mirror area needed is:
A) that of the whole mirror, regardless of its size
B) that of the pupil of his eye
C) one-half that of the card
D) one-fourth that of the card
E) an amount which decreases with his distance from the mirror
Q:
A 5.0-ft woman wishes to see a full length image of herself in a plane mirror. The minimum length mirror required is:
A) 2.5 ft
B) 3.54 ft
C) 5.0 ft
D) 10 ft
E) no single answer_ the farther away she stands the smaller the required mirror length
Q:
The angle between a horizontal ruler and a vertical plane mirror is 30ï‚°. The angle between the ruler and its image is:A) 15°B) 30°C) 60°D) 90°E) 180°
Q:
A card marked IAHIO8 is standing upright in front of a plane mirror. Which of the following is NOT true?
A) The image is virtual
B) The image shifts its position as the observer shifts his position
C) The image appears as 8OIHAI to a person looking in the mirror
D) The image is caused mostly by specular rather than diffuse reflection
E) The image is the same size as the object
Q:
The separation of white light into colors by a prism is associated with:
A) total internal reflection
B) partial reflection from each surface
C) variation of index of refraction with wavelength
D) a decrease in the speed of light in the glass
E) selective absorption of various colors
Q:
A ray of light passes through three media as shown. The speeds of light in these media obey: A) v1>v2>v3
B) v3>v2>v1
C) v3>v1>v2
D) v2>v1>v3
E) v1>v3>v2
Q:
Which diagram below illustrates the path of a light ray as it travels from a given point X in air to another given point Y in glass? A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
Q:
When light passes from air to glass, it bends:
A) toward the normal without changing speed
B) toward the normal and slows down
C) toward the normal and speeds up
D) away from the normal and slows down
E) away from the normal and speeds up
Q:
The index of refraction for diamond is 2.5. Which of the following is correct for the situation shown? A) (sin a)/(sin b) = 2.5
B) (sin b)/(sin d) = 2.5
C) (cosa)/(cosc) = 2.5
D) (sin a)/(sin c) = 1/(2.5)
E) a/c= 2.5
Q:
If nwater= 1.33, what is the angle of refraction for the ray shown?A) 19°B) 22°C) 40°D) 42°E) 48°
Q:
The diagram shows the passage of a ray of light from air into a substance X. The index of refraction of X is: A) 0.53
B) 0.82
C) 1.2
D) 1.9
E) 3.0
Q:
When an electromagnetic wave meets a reflecting surface, the direction taken by the reflected wave is determined by:
A) the material of the reflecting surface
B) the angle of incidence
C) the index of the medium
D) the intensity of the wave
E) the wavelength
Q:
As used in the laws of reflection and refraction, the "normal" direction is:
A) any convenient direction
B) tangent to the interface
C) along the incident ray
D) perpendicular to the electric field vector of the light
E) perpendicular to the interface
Q:
A ray of light passes obliquely through a plate of glass having parallel faces. The emerging ray:
A) is totally internally reflected
B) is bent more toward the normal than the incident ray
C) is bent further away from the normal than the incident ray
D) is parallel to the incident ray but displaced sideways
E) lies on the same straight line as the incident ray
Q:
A pole stands in a river, half in and half out of the water. Another pole of the same length stands vertically on the shore at a place where the ground is level. The shadow cast by the pole in the river on the river bottom is:
A) slightly longer than the shadow of the pole on land
B) much longer than the shadow of the pole on land
C) shorter than the shadow of the pole on land
D) shorter than the shadow of the pole on land if the sun is high and longer if the sun is low
E) the same length as the shadow of the pole on land
Q:
As light goes from one medium to another, it is bent away from the normal. Then:
A) the speed of the light has increased
B) dispersion must occur
C) the second medium has a higher index of refraction
D) no change in speed has occurred
E) refraction has not occurred because refraction means a bending toward the normal
Q:
When light travels from medium X to medium Y as shown: A) both the speed and the frequency decrease
B) both the speed and the frequency increase
C) both the speed and the wavelength decrease
D) both the speed and the wavelength increase
E) both the wavelength and the frequency are unchanged
Q:
The units of index of refraction are:
A) m/s
B) s/m
C) radian
D) m/s2
E) none of these
Q:
The index of refraction of a substance is:
A) the speed of light in the substance
B) the angle of refraction
C) the angle of incidence
D) the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of light in the substance
E) measured in radians
Q:
The relation which applies as a ray of light strikes an interface between two media, is known as:A) Gauss' lawB) Snell's lawC) Faraday's lawD) Cole's lawE) law of sines
Q:
The relation , which applies as a ray of light strikes an interface between two media, is known as:A) Faraday's lawB) Snell's lawC) Ampere's lawD) Cole's lawE) none of these
Q:
Three polarizing sheets are placed in a stack with the polarizing directions of the first and third perpendicular to each other. Which of the following angles should the polarizing direction of the middle sheet make with the polarizing direction of the first sheet to obtain zero transmitted intensity when unpolarized light is incident on the stack?A) 0B) 30°C) 45°D) 60°E) all angles allow light to pass through
Q:
Three polarizing sheets are placed in a stack with the polarizing directions of the first and third perpendicular to each other. What angle should the polarizing direction of the middle sheet make with the polarizing direction of the first sheet to obtain maximum transmitted intensity when unpolarized light is incident on the stack?
A) 0
B) 30ï‚°
C) 45ï‚°
D) 60ï‚°
E) 90ï‚°
Q:
In a stack of three polarizing sheets the first and third are crossed while the middle one has its axis at 45°to the axes of the other two. The fraction of the intensity of an incident unpolarized beam of light that is transmitted by the stack is:A) 1/2B) 1/3C) 1/4D) 1/8E) 0
Q:
The diagrams show four pairs of polarizing sheets, with the polarizing directions indicated by dashed lines. The two sheets of each pair are placed one behind the other and the front sheet is illuminated by unpolarized light. The incident intensity is the same for all pairs of sheets. Rank the pairs according to the intensity of transmitted light, least to greatest. A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 4, 2, 1, 3
C) 2, 4, 3, 1
D) 2, 4, 1, 3
E) 3, 1, 4, 2
Q:
An unpolarized beam of light has intensity I0. It is incident on two ideal polarizing sheets. The angle between the axes of polarization of these sheets is .Find if the emerging light has intensity I0/4:
Q:
A clear sheet of polarizing material is placed on top of a second, similar sheet so that their polarizing axes make an angle of 30°with each other. The ratio of the intensity of emerging light to incident unpolarized light is:A) 1:4B) 1:3C) 1:2D) 3:4E) 3:8
Q:
The electric field in unpolarized light:
A) has no direction at any time
B) rotates rapidly
C) is always parallel to the direction of propagation
D) can be in any direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation
E) remains along the same line but reverses direction randomly and often
Q:
Light from any ordinary source (such as a flame) is usually:
A) unpolarized
B) plane polarized
C) circularly polarized
D) elliptically polarized
E) monochromatic
Q:
For linearly polarized light the plane of polarization is:
A) perpendicular to both the direction of polarization and the direction of propagation
B) perpendicular to the direction of polarization and parallel to the direction of propagation
C) parallel to the direction of polarization and perpendicular to the direction of propagation
D) parallel to both the direction of polarization and the direction of propagation
E) none of the above
Q:
A vertical automobile radio antenna is sensitive to electric fields that are polarized:
A) horizontally
B) in circles around the antenna
C) vertically
D) normal to the antenna in the forward direction
E) none of the above
Q:
Polarization experiments provide evidence that light is:
A) a longitudinal wave
B) a stream of particles
C) a transverse wave
D) some type of wave
E) nearly monochromatic
Q:
Light with an intensity of 1 kW/m2falls normally on a surface and is completely reflected. The radiation pressure is:
Q:
Light with an intensity of 1 kW/m2falls normally on a surface and is completely absorbed. The radiation pressure is:
Q:
Light with an intensity of 1 kW/m2falls normally on a surface with an area of 1 cm2and is completely reflected. The force of the radiation on the surface is:
Q:
Light with an intensity of 1 kW/m2falls normally on a surface with an area of 1 cm2and is completely absorbed. The force of the radiation on the surface is:
Q:
Light of uniform intensity shines perpendicularly on a totally absorbing surface, fully illuminating the surface. If the area of the surface is decreased:
A) the radiation pressure increases and the radiation force increases
B) the radiation pressure increases and the radiation force decreases
C) the radiation pressure stays the same and the radiation force increases
D) the radiation pressure stays the same and the radiation force decreases
E) the radiation pressure decreases and the radiation force decreases
Q:
A company claims to have developed material that absorbs light energy without a transfer of momentum. Such material is:
A) impossible
B) possible, but very expensive
C) inexpensive and already in common use
D) in use by NASA but is not commercially available
E) a breakthrough in high technology
Q:
Evidence that electromagnetic waves carry momentum is:
A) the tail of a comet points away from the sun
B) electron flow through a wire generates heat
C) a charged particle in a magnetic field moves in a circular orbit
D) heat can be generated by rubbing two sticks together
E) the Doppler effect
Q:
When the distance between a point source of light and a light meter is reduced from 6.0 m to 2.0 m, the intensity of illumination at the meter will be the original value multiplied by:
A) 3
B) 9
C) 1/3
D) 1/9
E) 1
Q:
The light intensity 10 m from a point source is 1000 W/m2. The intensity 100 m from the same source is:
A) 1000 W/m2
B) 100 W/m2
C) 10 W/m2
D) 1 W/m2
E) 0.1 W/m2
Q:
A point source emits electromagnetic energy at a rate of 100 W. The intensity 10 m from the source is:
A) 10 W/m2
B) 1.6 W/m2
C) 1.0 W/m2
D) 0.080 W/m2
E) 0.024W/m2
Q:
A sinusoidal electromagnetic wave with an electric field amplitude of 100 V/m is incident normally on a surface with an area of 1 cm2and is completely absorbed. The energy absorbed in 10 s is:
A) 1.3 mJ
B) 13 mJ
C) 27 mJ
D) 130 mJ
E) 270 mJ
Q:
The magnetic field in a sinusoidal light wave has an amplitude of 3.3 ï‚´10"7 T. The intensity of the wave is: