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Q:
If more ice is added to an ice-water mixture at equilibrium,
A) the temperature will increase somewhat.
B) the vapor pressure of the water will decrease.
C) the temperature will decrease somewhat.
D) the vapor pressure of the water will rise.
E) the vapor pressure of the water will remain constant.
Q:
Enough of a volatile liquid is placed in a closed container to achieve a liquid-vapor equilibrium. Which of the following statements regarding this system is/are correctonce equilibrium is established?
1) The rate of condensation is equal to the rate of evaporation.
2) The fraction of molecules with enough energy to escape the liquid surface depends on the liquid surface area.
3) The vapor pressure is independent of the temperature.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1, 2, and 3
Q:
Enough of a volatile liquid is placed in a closed container to achieve a liquid-vapor equilibrium at a fixed temperature. Which of the following statements regarding this system is/are correctonce equilibrium is established?
1) Liquid molecules are no longer evaporating.
2) The number of vapor molecules remains essentially constant.
3) The partial pressure exerted by the vapor molecules is called the vapor pressure of the liquid.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3
Q:
A bottle is filled with a small amount of a volatile liquid and sealed. Sometime later it is observed that no liquid is evident in the sealed bottle. Which of the following statements would explain this observation?
A) More time is needed to establish equilibrium.
B) Liquid and vapor are at equilibrium in the bottle.
C) Too little liquid was added to achieve a liquid vapor equilibrium in the closed system.
D) The vapor state is favored when equilibrium is established.
E) The liquid has undergone sublimation.
Q:
When a solid undergoes a phase change to a gas, the process is called
A) fusion.
B) condensation.
C) melting.
D) vaporization.
E) sublimation.
Q:
The process represented by the equation C10H8(s) → C10H8(g) isA) melting.B) liquefaction.C) sublimation.D) condensation.E) fusion.
Q:
Which of the following processes is endothermic?
A) melting of ice
B) condensation of water
C) deposition of carbon dioxide
D) freezing of water
E) condensation of ammonia
Q:
What is the name for the following phase change?I2(s) → I2(g)A) sublimationB) freezingC) vaporizationD) condensationE) melting
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning solids, liquids and gases is/are correct?
1) The close contact of the particles in a solid prevents all possible motion, including vibrational motion.
2) Liquids and gases are both considered fluids.
3) The postulate from kinetic-molecular theory that the particles in a gas are in constant random motion is equally applicable to liquids, except the particles are more tightly packed in a gas.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning liquids is incorrect?
A) The volume of a liquid changes very little with pressure.
B) Liquids are relatively incompressible.
C) Liquid molecules move slowly compared to solids.
D) Non-volatile liquids have low vapor pressures at room temperature.
E) The molecules of a liquid are in constant random motion.
Q:
Which molecule or ion has the same molecular geometry for its central atom(s) as BF3?A) CF4B) CH3-C) BF4-D) C2F4E) C2F6
Q:
Which molecule or ion has the same molecular geometry as SeO32-?A) SeO3B) CO32-C) NO3-D) SO32-E) SO3
Q:
What is the CCH bond angle in H2CCO?
A) 109
B) 180
C) 120
D) 144
E) 90
Q:
In the hydronium ion, H3O+, the electron groups are arranged about the central oxygen atom in a
A) tetrahedron.
B) square plane.
C) pyramid.
D) trigonal plane.
E) bent structure.
Q:
In phosgene, COCl2, the electron groups are located about the central carbon atom in a ______________ arrangement.
A) square planar
B) trigonal bipyramidal
C) pyramidal
D) trigonal planar
E) tetrahedral
Q:
Which molecule or ion is not planar?A) CO32-B) Cl2CCCl2C) HNNHD) H3O+E) F2CO
Q:
Which molecule or ion does not have a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry?A) AsF3B) NF3C) PF3D) BF3E) IO3"
Q:
What is the molecular geometry of the thiosulfate ion, S2O3-?A) tetrahedralB) trigonal bipyramidalC) pyramidalD) bentE) square planar
Q:
The molecular geometry of the CH3"ion is
A) tetrahedral.
B) square planar.
C) square pyramidal.
D) trigonal planar.
E) trigonal pyramidal.
Q:
The molecular geometry of the ammonium ion, NH4+, is most similar to the molecular geometry ofA) NH3.B) CH4.C) N2H4.D) NH2-.E) CH3+.
Q:
Which of the following concerning electron pair space requirements and bond angles is/are correct?
1) Lone pairs of electrons require more space than bonding pairs.
2) Multiple bonds require the same amount of space as single bonds.
3) The HOH bond angle in H2O and the HNH bond angle in NH3are identical because the electron arrangements (tetrahedral) are identical.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1, 2, and 3
Q:
The molecular geometry of the CH3+ion is best described as
A) trigonal planar.
B) pyramidal.
C) linear.
D) bent.
E) tetrahedral.
Q:
Which molecule or ion does not have a planar molecular geometry?A) NO3-B) BF3C) F2COD) C2H4E) SO32-
Q:
Which molecule does not have a planar molecular geometry?A) SO3B) HCCHC) N2H4D) HNNHE) C2F4
Q:
The molecular geometry of the nitrite ion, NO2-, is best described asA) pyramidal.B) trigonal pyramidal.C) bent.D) tetrahedral.E) trigonal planar.
Q:
For which of the following molecules or ions do the electron pairs on the central nitrogen atom have a tetrahedral arrangement?A) FNOB) NF2-C) N2F2D) NO2-E) NO-
Q:
What is the bond angle in a linear molecule or ion?
A) 120
B) 109
C) 90
D) 72
E) 180
Q:
What is the ONO bond angle in the nitrite ion?
A) 90
B) 180 and 90
C) 180
D) 120
E) 109
Q:
What is the predicted HNH bond angle in the ammonium ion?
A) 109.5
B) 90
C) 180
D) 120
E) 45
Q:
The molecule AX3, in which A is the central atom, is polar and obeys the octet rule; therefore,
A) A has two lone pairs.
B) A has one lone pair.
C) A has no lone pairs.
D) A has four bonding pairs.
E) A has three lone pairs.
Q:
The approximate HCC bond angle in ethane, C2H6, is
A) 60.
B) 180.
C) 120.
D) 109.
E) 90.
Q:
The approximate HCH bond angle in CH3+is
A) 60.
B) 90.
C) 120.
D) 109.
E) 180.
Q:
The approximate CCO angle in acetone, , is
A) 180.
B) 90.
C) 109.
D) 60.
E) 120.
Q:
Which molecule or ion is nonlinear?A) NO2+B) SO2C) NNOD) CS2E) SCN-
Q:
Which molecule or ion is nonlinear?A) N2OB) O3C) OCN-D) NO2+E) CS2
Q:
Which molecule or ion is nonlinear?A) CO2B) NF2-C) OCN-D) NO2+E) HCCH
Q:
Which molecule or ion has the same molecular geometry for its central atom as the carbonate ion?A) H2COB) AsCl3C) PF3D) CH3-E) BrO3-
Q:
Which molecule or ion has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry?A) BF3B) C2H4C) SO3D) SO32-E) CO32-
Q:
Which molecule or ion is not planar?A) XeF4B) NO3-C) BCl3D) F2CCF2E) CF4
Q:
Which molecule or ion is not planar?A) H2COB) NO2-C) C2F4D) H2CCOE) PO43-
Q:
Which molecule or ion has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry?A) H2COB) H2CCOC) CH3+D) CH3-E) C2H4
Q:
Which molecule or ion has a trigonal planar molecular geometry?A) PCl3B) HCNC) CO32-D) HCCHE) AsF3
Q:
What is the molecular geometry around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by zero lone pairs of electrons and six single bonds.
A) octahedral
B) square planar
C) square pyramidal
D) bent
E) linear
Q:
What is the molecular geometry around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by four single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons.
A) tetrahedral
B) trigonal bipyramidal
C) octahedral
D) linear
E) trigonal planar
Q:
What is the electron geometry (or electron arrangement) around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by one lone pair of electrons and five single bonds.
A) octahedral
B) square pyramidal
C) square planar
D) bent
E) linear
Q:
What is the electron geometry (or electron arrangement) around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by one lone pair of electrons and four single bonds.
A) trigonal bipyramidal
B) see-saw or distorted tetrahedron
C) T-shaped
D) linear
E) trigonal planar
Q:
What is the molecular geometry around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by one lone pair of electrons and four single bonds.
A) see-saw or distorted tetrahedron
B) trigonal bipyramidal
C) linear
D) T-shaped
E) trigonal planar
Q:
What is the molecular geometry around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by zero lone pairs of electrons and four single bonds.
A) tetrahedral
B) linear
C) bent
D) trigonal pyramidal
E) trigonal planar
Q:
What is the electron geometry (or electron arrangement) around an atom in a molecule or ion which is surrounded by zero lone pairs of electrons and four single bonds.
A) tetrahedral
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) trigonal planar
D) bent
E) linear
Q:
Which molecule or ion does not have a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry?A) PO33-B) SO32-C) NI3D) BF3E) XeO3
Q:
The following statements concern molecules that require resonance. Which is true?
A) The benzene molecule is best described by the MO theory.
B) The sigma bonding is clearly delocalized.
C) Both the sigma bonding and the pi bonding are delocalized.
D) The benzene molecule is best described by the localized electron model.
E) The pi bonding is clearly delocalized.
Q:
Which of these statements about benzene is true?A) Benzene is an example of a molecule that displays ionic bonding.B) Benzene contains only bonds between C atoms.C) All carbon atoms in benzene are sp3hybridized.D) The bond order of each CC bond in benzene is 1.5.E) All of these statements are false.
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning ozone is incorrect?
A) It is generated by passing an electrical discharge through oxygen.
B) It has a partial double-bond character.
C) It is a nonpolar molecule.
D) It is an important absorber of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere.
E) It has a bond angle similar to that predicted for sp2hybridization.
Q:
Which molecule or ion is paramagnetic?A) NO2+B) OCN-C) NO2-D) NOE) SO3
Q:
Which of the following statements about the molecule O2 is false?A) Its bond order is 2.B) The total number of electrons is 12.C) It is paramagnetic.D) It has two pi bonds.E) It has one sigma bond.
Q:
Which of the following electron distributions among the molecular orbitals best describes the NO molecule?2s 2s* 2py=2px 2pz 2py*=2px* 2pz*A) 2 2 4 1 3 0B) 2 2 4 2 4 1C) 2 2 4 2 1 0D) 2 2 4 2 2 0E) 2 2 4 2 4 2
Q:
In the molecular orbital description of CO,
A) six molecular orbitals contain electrons.
B) there are two unpaired electrons.
C) the bond order is 3.
D) the highest-energy electrons occupy antibonding orbitals.
E) All of the above are false.
Q:
Which molecule or ion has the shortest bond distance?A) NO+B) CO+C) NOD) NO-E) CO-
Q:
The configuration (2s)2(2s*)2(2py)1(2px)1is the molecular orbital description for the ground state ofA) C2.B) B2.C) Be2.D) Li2+.E) B22-.
Q:
Consider the following series of molecular ions and molecules: F2+, F22+, F2, and F2-. Which will have the shortest bond length between the fluorine atoms? Assume the homonuclear molecular orbital diagram provided below for nitrogen (excluding the K shells) still applies to these species.A) F2+B) The bond lengths are all equivalent.C) F22+D) F2E) F2-
Q:
Given the molecular orbital diagram for dinitrogen (N2) excluding the K shells below and assuming all species have a similar ordering of their MO's, which of the following would be expected to be diamagnetic?A) O2B) F2-C) O22-D) B2E) Li2+
Q:
Which molecule or ion has the highest bond order?A) F2-B) O2C) O22-D) N2E) F2
Q:
Given the molecular orbital diagram for dinitrogen (N2) excluding the K shells below, which of the following molecules or ions is expected to be diamagnetic?A) C22-B) O2C) B2D) O2-E) O2+
Q:
Which of the following statements is not correct?
A) Hybrid orbitals are made by the combination of atomic orbitals on a given atom.
B) In both valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory bonding result from the overlap of occupied atomic orbitals.
C) Valence bond theory does not account for the experimentally observed paramagnetism of molecules like O2.
D) Pi bonds may be formed from sor porbital overlap.
E) In molecular orbital theory a molecular orbital may encompass more than two atoms.
Q:
Given the molecular orbital diagram for dilithium (Li2) below, what would be the bond order of Li2+?A) B) C) 1D) 0E) 2
Q:
Which of the following species has(have) a bond order of 1?1_ HF2_ O22-3_ O22+A) 1 onlyB) 3 onlyC) 1 and 2D) 2 and 3E) 2 only
Q:
Which molecule or ion has a bond order of 2.5?A) O2B) O2+C) NO-D) O22-E) O2-
Q:
Which of the following species has a bond order of 2.5?A) N2B) NO+C) COD) O2+E) NO-
Q:
Which of the following species has(have) a bond order of 2?1) NO-2) O23) O2-A) 1 onlyB) 3 onlyC) 2 onlyD) 1 and 3E) 1 and 2
Q:
The nitrosyl ion, NO+, has ten bonding electrons and four antibonding electrons. Therefore, it has a bond order of
A) 1.
B) 5/2.
C) 7.
D) 2.
E) 3.
Q:
Which of the following statements is/are true?
1) Electrons are never found in an antibonding molecular orbital.
2) Antibonding molecular orbitals have electron density mainly outside the space between the two nuclei.
3) All antibonding molecular orbitals are higher in energy than the atomic orbitals of which they are composed.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3
Q:
If four orbitals on one atom overlap four orbitals on a second atom, how many molecular orbitals will form?
A) 4
B) 16
C) 1
D) 8
E) none of these
Q:
Which molecule or ion does not contain two bonds?A) HCCHB) H2CCCH2C) NO"D) CS2E) SCN"
Q:
Which of the following concerning and bonds is/are correct?1) A sigma bond may be formed from the sideways overlap of two parallel p orbitals.2) No more than two pi bonds are possible between adjacent carbon atoms.3) The considerable energy required to rotate pi bonded atoms is the primary reason for geometrical isomerism in some pi bonded molecules.A) 1 onlyB) 2 onlyC) 3 onlyD) 1 and 2E) 2 and 3
Q:
Which of the following concerning and bonds is/are correct?1) Sigma bonds may only be formed from unhybridized orbitals.2) Pi bonds are formed from unhybridized p orbitals.3) A pi bond has an electron distribution above and below the bond axis.A) 1 onlyB) 2 onlyC) 3 onlyD) 1 and 2E) 2 and 3
Q:
According to valence-bond theory, the bonding in ketene, H2CCO, is best described asA) five bonds.B) three bonds and two bonds.C) four bonds and two bonds.D) four bonds and one bond.E) five bonds.
Q:
What is the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in the nitrite ion?
A) sp3d
B) sp3
C) s
D) sp
E) sp2
Q:
Which of the labeled carbons (C1-C4) is/are sp3-hybridized? A) carbon two and four
B) carbon three
C) carbon one
D) carbon two
E) carbon one and three
Q:
Which of the following statements is true?A) A bond is twice as strong as a single bond.B) A bond results from the sideways overlap of hybridized orbitals.C) A double bond consists of a bond and a bond.D) A bond has cylindrical symmetry about the bonding axis.E) A bond is twice as strong as a bond.
Q:
A bond is the result of theA) overlap of two s orbitals.B) overlap of two p orbitals along their axes.C) sideways overlap of two parallel p orbitals.D) overlap of an s orbital and a p orbital.E) sideways overlap of two s orbitals.