Q&A Hero

Science

Q: The Huygens probe of the ESA made a successful landing on A) Mars. B) Europa. C) Saturn. D) Titan. E) Triton.
Q: At Titan, the lakes are made mostly of liquid A) water. B) carbon dioxide. C) ethane. D) metallic hydrogen. E) nitrogen.
Q: Which of these moons are most interesting to exobiologists? A) Io and Enceladus B) Europa and Titan C) Titan and Triton D) Europa and Miranda E) Triton and Charon
Q: Which of these moons has the densest atmosphere? A) Io B) Europa C) Callisto D) Titan E) Triton
Q: A moon with a smooth, uncratered surface would imply A) meteorites have never struck the moon. B) a strong magnetic field surrounds the moon. C) the surface is very young. D) the moon lies within the planet's Roche Limit. E) the surface is completely liquid.
Q: The largest moon in the solar system, bigger but not as massive as Mercury, is A) Europa. B) Ganymede. C) Callisto. D) Titan. E) Triton.
Q: Of the Jovian satellites, which shows the oldest, most cratered surface? A) Enceladus B) Callisto C) Triton D) Ganymede E) Miranda
Q: In terms of dark, smoother mare and cratered highlands, which Jovian moon most resembles the near side of our own? A) Io B) Europa C) Ganymede D) Triton E) Titan
Q: The mare on Ganymede were formed by A) basalt erupting onto the surface. B) plate tectonics. C) gravitational interactions with Callisto and Europa. D) water erupting and spreading over the surface. E) sulfur spewed from volcanoes.
Q: In size and density, both Io and Europa resemble A) Mercury. B) our Moon. C) Mars. D) Pluto. E) Charon.
Q: The weak magnetic fields around Europa and Ganymede were found during flybys of A) Voyager 1. B) Pioneer 10. C) Cassini. D) Galileo. E) Stardust.
Q: The surface of Europa is most like the Earth's A) tundra. B) deserts. C) Arctic Ocean. D) Himalayan peaks. E) South Pole.
Q: Which are the four Galilean moons of Jupiter? A) Europa, Titan, Ganymede, and Callisto B) Io, Ganymede, Callisto, and Titan C) Europa, Ganymede, Io, and Triton D) Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto E) Io, Titan, Triton, and Charon
Q: Which of the Galilean moons is densest and most geologically active? A) Io B) Europa C) Ganymede D) Callisto E) Titan
Q: What is thought to be the cause of Io's volcanoes? A) Jupiter's magnetosphere and its charged particles B) energy emitted by Jupiter C) gravitational tidal stresses from both Jupiter and Europa D) solar radiation focused by Jupiter's gravity E) radioactive decay in Io's interior
Q: Which element is critical to the formation of the volcanic surface of Io? A) iron B) silicon C) sulfur D) phosphorus E) carbon
Q: Pluto has only a single moon, Charon.
Q: Pluto is no longer classified as a planet.
Q: Pluto is visible to the naked eye on extremely dark nights.
Q: Based on our current knowledge of the motions of Uranus and Neptune, it is obvious that Pluto's discovery was a triumph of physics, on par with Adams and Leverrier's work in finding Neptune.
Q: Pluto is probably one of the largest of the Kuiper Belt bodies beyond Neptune.
Q: Both Pluto and Charon are tidally locked to always keep the same faces toward each other, rotating and revolving around their common center of mass every 14.2 hours.
Q: The initial prediction by Percival Lowell of Pluto's position was close to the place it was, in fact, found by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930.
Q: Pluto is smaller than many moons in the solar system.
Q: Like Saturn's more famous ring system, Jupiter's ring is also made of ice, just older and dirtier than the bright fresh material at Saturn.
Q: Neptune has a single, broad ring that is extremely thin.
Q: The particles in Saturn's E ring probably come from volcanic eruptions on Enceladus.
Q: Saturn's rings are extremely old, possibly older than four billion years.
Q: Probably the next satellite to get turned into ring debris will be Neptune's backward moon, Triton.
Q: Two sets of rings around Jovian planets were found by Earth-based observers, while two others were first imaged by the Voyagers.
Q: A resonance with Mimas clears out the ring particles from Cassini's Division.
Q: The F-ring is held in place around Saturn by two shepherd moons.
Q: At its equinoxes, Saturn's rings are most open and double the planet's brightness.
Q: Saturn's rings are thick, perhaps a few thousand kilometers.
Q: All four ring systems orbit the equators of Jovian planets outside their Roche limits.
Q: Saturn's rings appear to be brighter and younger than the dirty, dark rings around Uranus and Neptune.
Q: The rings of Uranus were discovered when it passed in front of a star, and the dark rings occulted the star several times for brief intervals.
Q: The surface of Saturn's moon Enceladus is the most reflective of any in the solar system, suggesting very fresh ice is exposed.
Q: The haphazard terrain of Miranda suggests it was broken up by impact after it had differentiated, then fell back together as a jumbled maze.
Q: Cassini's probe Huygens returned images of what may have been a shoreline on Saturn.
Q: The retrograde orbit of Triton dooms it to spiral inward toward Neptune, perhaps someday to make a ring system.
Q: Spacecraft have imaged erupting volcanoes on Io and Triton.
Q: Alone among all the large moons, Triton orbits Neptune retrograde, and also at a 20 degree inclination to Neptune's equator.
Q: The tectonic surface features we see on Triton are similar to the grooves of Ganymede.
Q: Like Titan, Triton has a nitrogen atmosphere.
Q: Methane drives the weather of Titan, for there it can be liquid, solid, or gas.
Q: Titan's surface has been mapped using Earth based visual telescopes.
Q: Because the probe came so close, Voyager 1 sent back high resolution photos of detail on the surface of Titan in 1980.
Q: Triton and Pluto both probably originated in the Kuiper Belt.
Q: In terms of composition and density, the atmosphere of Titan is closer to our own than any other place we have found in the solar system.
Q: It appears that while they are similar in size, Ganymede is much more differentiated than Callisto.
Q: Alone of all the Galilean moons, Callisto shows no sign of plate tectonics.
Q: The large, dark mare on Ganymede were created by water that erupted from within the moon.
Q: The processes which produced Ganymede's groove terrain are on-going, according to the latest Galileo images.
Q: Ganymede is the largest satellite in the solar system.
Q: The weak magnetic field of Europa may originate from a rapidly rotating liquid iron core.
Q: Due to tidal stresses, it is likely most of Io is molten, with a relatively thin solid crust.
Q: Io's surface volcanism is driven by phase changes of sulfur and its compounds.
Q: Of all the Galilean satellites, the surface of Europa is the youngest in age.
Q: While Ganymede and Callisto are about the same size, the surface of Callisto is much younger, with considerable tectonic reformation.
Q: All four of Jupiter's big moons, like most moons in the solar system, revolve clockwise (retrograde) around their planet's equator.
Q: The Cassini probe Huygens made a soft landing on Titan.
Q: Like Jupiter's other icy moons, Europa is covered with craters.
Q: Like our Moon and most others, all four large Jovian satellites have one side constantly fixed toward Jupiter as they revolve and rotate.
Q: Io's internal heat is due to tidal interactions with Jupiter and Europa.
Q: The surface of Io looks most like the pack ice of the Arctic Ocean of Earth.
Q: Besides Mars, exobiologists find Europa also a good candidate for life.
Q: Two of the Galilean moons of Jupiter are the size of Mercury, and the two others are about as big as our own Moon.
Q: Based on its orbit, give two reasons to revoke Pluto's planetary status.
Q: How did discovering the KBOs demote Pluto's planetary status?
Q: Why were the mass and density of Pluto unknown until Charon was found?
Q: How would most planetary scientists classify Pluto? Why was this not done when it was found in 1930, misleading generations of elementary school children?
Q: Using Jupiter's axial tilt, explain why its rings are harder to observe from Earth than even the dark rings of Uranus.
Q: Name three ways that Saturn's ring system is unique.
Q: Why did Saturn's rings appear very different in 1995 and 2003?
Q: Why does the surface of Triton appear so young?
Q: How does counting craters help us estimate the age of a moon's surface?
Q: Contrast the densities and compositions of the four Galilean moons.
Q: What role did Percival Lowell play that led to the discovery and naming of Pluto?
Q: What is the closest thing to a binary planet we find in the solar system? Why?
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