Q&A Hero

Q: The intended beneficial consequences of people's actions are known as a. latent functions. b. manifest functions. c. credential society. d. the cultural transmission of values.

Q: In the world's Least Industrialized Nations, _____, as was once common around the globe. a. it is mainly the wealthy who get a formal education b. no one goes to school c. education is universal d. education is illegal

Q: In Russia, a. politicians are interested in using the educational system to shape minds, unlike in other countries. b. there is vigorous competition among textbook publishers. c. schools are critical of Russia's past. d. politicians are interested in using the educational system to shape minds, as in other countries.

Q: "Cultural capital" refers to privileges accompanying a social location that help someone in life, such as a. having to work to help support your family while in school. b. highly educated parents. c. parents with a grade-school education. d. speaking more than one language.

Q: In grade schools in Japan, all children in a class a. study the same page from the same textbook at the same time. b. work with a state-provided tutor. c. progress at their individual pace. d. are required by law to attend a "cram school."

Q: How can symbolic interactionism help you to be optimistic about the chances of your own marriage succeeding despite the divorce statistics?

Q: The text listed eight factors that help to make a marriage successful as identified by Jeanette and Robert Lauer; another six factors are identified by Nicholas Stinnett; and three more are dentified by the author. List at least six of these 17. factors.

Q: What is the difference between cohabitation and marriage?

Q: What is romantic love? How does it begin?

Q: According to functionalists, the family fulfills six needs basic to the survival of every society. What are these needs?

Q: One factor to note in considering the future of marriage is thata. many societies in the world exist quite happily without marriage.b. the decline of marriage indicates that it will become a relic of the past.c. fewer couples will find themselves sandwiched between taking care of kids and parents.d. marriage exists in every society.

Q: Sexual relations between specified relatives, such as brothers and sisters or parents and children, is known asa. rape.b. incest.c. intimacy rape.d. battering.

Q: The proposed term "intimacy rape" would apply to a. rape in general. b. heterosexual relationships only. c. married couples only. d. heterosexual and homosexual relationships.

Q: There are about _____ confirmed cases of child abuse or neglect annually in the United States. a. 7,000 b. 70,000 c. 700,000 d. 7,000,000

Q: According to domestic violence research by Straus (20.11.), a. wives attack their husbands as often as husbands attack their wives. b. husbands attack their wives twice as often as wives attack their husbands. c. domestic violence is mainly limited to couples who are not married. d. the secret to curbing violence is to focus on men.

Q: Celeste had been married beforetwice. She was thrilled by the prospect of her upcoming marriage to Caldwell, which would be her third marriage and Caldwell's second. About how many Americans who get married are not saying "I do" for the first time? a. 12.% b. 25.% c. 46.% d. 9.2%

Q: An astounding finding by sociologists is that _____ experience the negative effects of divorce. a. children b. grandchildren c. pets d. couples

Q: Children adjust better to divorce if a. the parent they live with is not making a good adjustment to the divorce. b. their routines are varied. c. they have a second adult to count on for support. d. they experience a great deal of conflict.

Q: The risk of divorce is decreased among couples a. affiliated with a religion. b. whose parents are divorced. c. who drop out from high school. d. who have a baby before they get married.

Q: The racial"ethnic group in the United States with the lowest divorce rate is a. Asian Americans. b. African Americans. c. Native Americans. d. Latinos.

Q: The state in the United States with the highest divorce rate is a. Maine. b. California. c. New York. d. Nevada.

Q: Calculating statistics on divorce is complicated bya. a lack of data to base them on.b. the rarity of divorce.c. people who remarry.d. differing meanings of "divorce."

Q: The sandwich generation is so-called because they a. are torn between work and family responsibilities. b. are caring for both their children and their parents. c. have bad eating habits, which lead to obesity. d. are caring for both their parents and grandparents.

Q: The average ages of first-time brides and grooms in the United States are a. younger than at any other time in U.S. history. b. about the same as in 18.9.0. c. 35. and 30., respectively. d. older than at any other time in U.S. history.

Q: The major distinction between gay or lesbian families and heterosexual families is a. different emphases on money and careers. b. breakups occur for different reasons. c. that heterosexual families raise children and gay/lesbian families do not. d. discrimination.

Q: The term "blended family" means a(n) a. family whose members were once part of other families. b. interracial family. c. family of first-generation immigrants to the United States. d. extended family of at least three generations.

Q: The percentage of American children under 18. who live with both parents is a. increasing. b. decreasing. c. unknown. d. fixed by law.

Q: In Native American families, a. elders play a less active role than in most U.S. families. b. family life differs by social class. c. physical punishment of children is emphasized. d. social class plays no role.

Q: Most sociologists see Asian Americans as a. Confucianists. b. a single group. c. being of one social class. d. coming from a variety of cultures.

Q: Which statement about machismo is true? a. It increases with each generation in the United States. b. It is limited to Latinos. c. It decreases with each generation in the United States. d. It is more important than social class in determining family life.

Q: Approximately what percentage of African American households is headed by both a mother and a father? a. 9.5% b. 80% c. 51.% d. 38.%

Q: . Due to time pressures on parents, _____ has (have) become a parental substitute. a. Amazon b. Uber c. stuffed toys d. journaling

Q: A dramatic shift in what Americans perceived to be the ideal family size occurred in the a. 19..50.s. b. 19..60s. c. 19..70s. d. early 20.00s.

Q: People in which of the following groups are likely to live the longest? a. Never married b. Ever married c. Currently remarried d. Married and stayed married

Q: The majority of Americans think that families with _____ children are ideal. a. zero, one, or two b. three c. four or five d. eight or more

Q: Homogamy refers to a. the tendency of people with similar characteristics to seek people with contrasting characteristics. b. gay men. c. the tendency of people with similar characteristics to marry one another. d. interracial marriage.

Q: A typical lie made by potential mates on an online dating site is a. men saying they are taller than they are. b. women saying they weigh more than they do. c. men saying they are shorter than they are. d. women saying they are friendlier than they are.

Q: Parents are actually spending more time with the children today than in the last 40. years, and the main way parents have found the extra time is by a. sleeping less. b. visiting less with friends and relatives. c. working shorter hours. d. enjoying the new, shorter workweek most employers have implemented.

Q: According to a study, wives make more the decisions than husbands in _____ of households, husbands make more decisions than wives in _____ of households, and _____ of couples divide decisions equally. a. 18.%; 72%; 10.% b. 23.%; 55.%; 22.% c. 30.%; 41.%; 29..% d. 43.%; 26.%; 31.%

Q: From the functionalist perspective, the incest taboo helps families to avoid a. emotional overload. b. role confusion. c. looking outside the family for marriage partners. d. Internet dating.

Q: In a(n) _____ system, authority is divided more or less equally between people or groups. a. matrilineal b. incest taboo c. egalitarian d. patrilineal

Q: . A society in which women-as-a-group dominate men-as-a-group is a(n) a. patriarchy. b. bilineal system. c. matriarchy. d. egalitarian society.

Q: Authority is held by males in a(n) _____ society. a. patriarchal b. egalitarian c. household d. matriarchal

Q: The Naxi of China do not even have a word in their language for "father." In their _____ system, descent is traced only on the mother's side. a. patrilineal b. bilineal c. matrilineal d. egalitarian

Q: When a social group does not think of children as being related to their mother's relatives, that group follows a(n) _____ system. a. matrilineal b. patrilineal c. incest taboo d. egalitarian

Q: Marion, 10. years old, knew that she was related to the relatives on her mother's side of the family, and also the relatives on her father's side of the family. This _____ system is the usual model in the United States. a. trilineal b. patrilineal c. bilineal d. matrilineal

Q: The way that people trace kinship over generations, known as _____, is different all over the world. a. the matrilineal system b. exogamy c. the system of descent d. matriarchy

Q: The _____ prohibits sex and marriage among designated relatives. a. incest taboo b. nuclear family c. patrilineal system d. family of procreation

Q: The norms of _____ specify that people must marry outside of their own group. a. exogamy b. endogamy c. matriarchy d. the family of orientation

Q: _____ is the practice of marrying within one's own group. a. Exogamy b. Endogamy c. Polyandry d. An extended family

Q: A group's approved mating arrangements, usually marked by a ritual of some sort, is called a. endogamy. b. exogamy. c. a nuclear family. d. a marriage.

Q: Which statement about same-sex marriage is true? a. In North America, it originated recently in the United States. b. The U.S. Constitution mentions same-sex marriage. c. Native Americans had same-sex marriages already when Columbus arrived. d. It is illegal throughout the United States.

Q: The family in which a person grows up is a(n) a. family of procreation. b. extended family. c. family of orientation. d. imaginary family.

Q: The family that is formed when a couple's first child is born is referred to as a a. family of orientation b. family or procreation. c. household. d. family.

Q: Clarence's grandparents lived with him and his mom and dad in the same house, on the top floor. The family Clarence lived in was a(n) a. extended family. b. household. c. nuclear family. d. family of procreation.

Q: What kind of family consists of husband, wife, and children? a. Household b. Extended family c. Nuclear family d. Polygynous family

Q: In a _____, people occupy the same housing unit. a. household b. family c. system of descent d. marriage

Q: Two or more people who consider themselves related by blood, marriage, or adoption make up a a. family of orientation. b. family. c. nuclear family. d. family of procreation.

Q: _____ is a form of marriage in which women have more than one husband. a. The family of procreation b. Polyandry c. Polygyny d. The family of orientation

Q: _____ is a form of marriage in which men have more than one wife. a. Polyandry b. The nuclear family c. An extended family d. Polygyny

Q: Compare capitalism and socialism in terms of ownership of the means of production, competition, and the profit motive.

Q: Back in 9.19..73, which six characteristics did Daniel Bell ascribe to the postindustrial society?

Q: How does social integration relate to the proportion of people likely to vote?

Q: Was the United States the first democracy? Or had other countries or peoples taken the same path?

Q: How can violence possibly be legitimate?

Q: Despite disunity and bloodshed, a sign of an effort at unity among nations is thea. relationship between Russia and Ukraine.b. United Nations.c. new Cold War.d. decline of China.

Q: The top members of the capitalist class share _____ allowing them to make the major decisions that affect the world.a. similar educationsb. worldwide interconnectionsc. political ideologiesd. socialist ideals

Q: _____ take(s) the view that capitalist and socialist economic systems, in adopting features of one another, will create a mixed economic system.a. State capitalismb. Convergence theoryc. Market forcesd. Divergence theory

Q: The main criticism leveled against capitalism is that ita. focuses too much on the public good.b. leads to social equality.c. does not respect individual rights.d. leads to social inequality.

Q: Democratic socialism isa. an economic system where only individuals own businesses.b. a hybrid economic system.c. pure capitalism.d. an economic system where only the government owns businesses.

Q: Capitalism responds toa. market forces.b. edicts from central planning committees.c. the public, which owns the means of production.d. pure socialism.

Q: One important feature of socialism isa. encouragement of competition.b. profit-making.c. the elimination of competition.d. distribution of goods according to people's ability to pay.

Q: In laissez-faire capitalism,a. the government controls the market.b. central committees control the market.c. the government does not interfere in the market.d. the public controls the market.

Q: In _____, the means of production are privately owned.a. socialismb. convergence theoryc. laissez-faire socialismd. capitalism

Q: A society's view of children as having the right to be educated and to be spared from adult burdens accompaniesa. economic prosperity.b. child-labor laws.c. poverty.d. democracy.

Q: The marriage of biology and economics in the _____ society is likely to yield greater surpluses than before and more extensive trade.a. industrialb. biotechc. hunter-gathererd. new agricultural

Q: In what century was the steam engine invented?a. Seventeenthb. Eighteenthc. Nineteenthd. Twentieth

Q: The _____ ushered in agricultural societies.a. use of child laborb. plowc. subsistence economyd. steam engine

Q: Hunting and gathering societies had a(n) _____ economy, living off the land and with little or no surplus.a. subsistenceb. modernc. pastorald. industrial

Q: A system of producing and distributing goods and services is known as a(n)a. subsistence economy.b. market.c. economy.d. hunting and gathering society.