Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following statements is true of Malcolm X? a. He was only a local folk hero and could never command an international audience. b. He was never a member of the Nation of Islam. c. He supported the formation of coalitions with progressive Whites. d. He made public anti-Semitic statements about Jews and Israel.

Q: ________ became the most powerful and brilliant voice of Black self-determination in the 1960s and is remembered for his apparent shift to support the formation of coalitions with progressive Whites. a. Moustafa Bayoumi b. Louis Farrakhan c. W. Fard Muhammad d. Malcolm X

Q: Which of the following is forbidden by Islamic tradition? a. charity b. polygamy c. bigotry d. adultery

Q: W. Fard Muhammad, one of the first persons to teach poor African Americans about faith, spoke strongly against ________. a. adultery and alcohol consumption b. Islam as the natural religion c. fighting with Whites d. natural superiority of Black people

Q: Which of the following statements is true of American Muslims? a. American Muslims seem to be closer to their fellow citizens than compared to their global counterparts. b. American Muslims believe that no religion apart from Islam can lead to eternal life. c. American Muslims do not follow orthodox Muslim traditions under any circumstances. d. The Muslim population in the United States has shrunk drastically over time.

Q: Islam's authority rests with ________. a. the scripture and teachings of the prophet b. individual imams who serve as spiritual guides of a mosque c. the Palestinians d. modern-day scholars of Islam

Q: Which of the following statements is true of Islam? a. Islam makes provision for excommunication. b. Islam's authority rests with individual imams who serve as spiritual guides of a mosque. c. Islam is a faith without an established hierarchy. d. The Muslim pope lives in Mecca.

Q: Typically, ________ is taken by Muslims to refer to their internal struggle for spiritual purity. a. hijab b. hajj c. jihad d. sunnah

Q: ________ refers to the struggle against the enemies of Allah. a. Ka"aba b. Hajj c. Hijab d. Jihad

Q: Which of the following statements is true of the rituals that characterize Islam? a. Muslims make charitable donations. b. Muslims say Sunday morning prayers within their community. c. Muslims pray to Allah once a week. d. Muslims feast during the month of Ramadan.

Q: In countries that are predominantly Muslim, ________. a. permanent residency is granted only to disciples of Imams b. the separation of religion and state is considered necessary c. citizens are encouraged to embrace other religions d. governments often reinforce Islamic practices through their laws

Q: The Muslim groups, Sunnis and Shi"is differ from each other on ________. a. the number of times a day a person must perform the Namaz or pray to Allah b. who should be recognized as the Son of God c. who should have been the Caliph after the death of the Prophet Muhammad d. the language in which the holy scriptures are to be read

Q: Which Muslim group is predominant in Iraq and Iran and is second-largest in majority in the United States? a. Sunni b. Shi"is c. Ash'ari d. Athari

Q: The large majority of Muslims in the United States are ________. a. Ibadis b. Ahmadiyyas c. Shi"is d. Sunnis

Q: A pilgrimage to the holy land of Mecca is referred to as ________ by Muslims. a. hajj b. hadeeth c. jihad d. hijab

Q: According to Islam, Allah ________. a. is an angel b. was the ruler after the death of the Prophet Muhammad c. was the last in a long line of prophets d. was the one god Prophet Muhammad turned to

Q: The deeds of Muhammad are called ________. a. Mecca b. hijab c. Sunnah d. hajj

Q: ________ refers to the collected sayings included in the Qur"an. a. Masjid b. Caliph c. Hajj d. Hadeeth

Q: Islam is guided by the teachings of the ________. a. Qur"an b. Vedas c. Torah d. Avesta

Q: Which of the following is a similarity between Christianity and Islam? a. Both are polytheistic. b. Both worship the same God. c. Both view Jesus as the Son of God. d. Both question the existence of an afterlife.

Q: According to the deficit model of ethnic identity, ________. a. speaking the native language makes one less ethnic b. marrying outside the community makes one more ethnic c. refraining from visiting the home country makes one less ethnic d. trying to blend in with people of other communities makes one more ethnic

Q: Diversity underlies virtually everything about Arab Americans, which is an example of ________. a. ethnocentrism b. panethnicity c. marginalization d. indocentrism

Q: Which of the following statements is true of Arab Americans? a. Arab Americans are diverse in religious tradition. b. All Arab Americans can read and speak Arabic. c. Most Arab Americans are Muslims. d. Among Arab Americans, the largest single source of ancestry is Saudi Arabia.

Q: Sociologists Gary David developed the ________ to understand how ethnicity is viewed and evaluated in terms of an ideal ethnic type. a. model minority b. deficit model of ethnic identity c. matrix model of ethnic identity d. ethnic evaluation model

Q: The single most unifying force among Arabs is ________. a. the Arabic language b. the religion of Islam c. their country of origin d. their panethnicity

Q: Which of the following has orientalism led to? a. People have a constantly changing and modern view of Arab and Muslim societies. b. People focus on smaller, culturally consistent groups or countries in order to understand them. c. People see a sweeping unity in both Arab and Muslim societies. d. People avoid surrendering to the temptation of a single broad generalization.

Q: ________ are leaders or spiritual guides of a mosque who offer guidance and scholarship.

Q: ________ is a month of religious fasting marking the revelation of the Qur"an to Muhammad.

Q: ________ is the Arabic word for God and refers to the God of Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad.

Q: The hijab is a ________. a. religious pilgrimage b. holy war c. traditional garment d. holy scripture

Q: The immediate aftermath of 9/11 led to a decline of Arabs and Muslims immigrating to the United States because ________. a. of a ban by the federal government which outlawed immigration for ten years b. Islamic centers in the United States had become more rigid c. of apprehension over the reception they would receive there d. the home countries declared a jihad on those who left their countries

Q: The term ________ refers to a self-image and worldview that is a combination of religious faith, cultural background based on nationality, and current residency. a. differential identity b. traditional identity c. blended identity d. mixed identity

Q: Which of the following statements is true of Muslims? a. They adopt a polytheistic form of worship. b. They recognize Jesus as the Son of God, though not a prophet. c. They see Muhammad as the first in a long line of prophets. d. They are guided by the teachings of the Qur"an.

Q: Christian and Muslim faiths are similar in that they are both ________. a. henotheistic b. pantheistic c. polytheistic d. monotheistic

Q: Zaid belongs to the Arab Muslim community and is a third generation immigrant to the United States. He speaks very little Arabic and has a wife belonging to a different ethnic and religious community. Some Arab Muslims in his community say that Zaid is not a true Arab or Muslim. This attitude of the people of his community is an example of ________. a. segmented assimilation b. the deficit model of ethnic identity c. the matrix model of panethnicity d. reverse discrimination

Q: ________ is the simplistic view of the people and history of the region of the Middle East to East Asia, with no recognition of change over time or the diversity within its many cultures. a. Orientalism b. Pluralism c. Pentecostalism d. Pan-Indianism

Q: Does American politics interest Muslim and Arab Americans? Do they favor a particular political party? Is politics encouraged in Islam?

Q: What is the importance of education amongst Muslim and Arab Americans? Describe the schooling system preferred by them.

Q: What is the hijab? Discuss the perspective of Muslim women living in the United States on wearing the hijab.

Q: Provide an overview of the history of Black American Islam until the nineteenth century.

Q: Distinguish between the two major sects of followers of Islam.

Q: Explain the deficit model of ethnic identity in the context of Arab Americans. How well does this model explain the ethnic experiences of these groups?

Q: Roger, a police officer, takes Iqbal into custody for questioning just because Iqbal is an Arab American. Roger is of the belief that all members of Iqbal's ethnic community are violent. In this scenario, Roger's actions best illustrates ________. a. ethnic paradox b. blended identity c. reverse discrimination d. racial profiling

Q: The USA PATRIOT Act, passed in October 2001, has specific provisions ________. a. endorsing racial profiling of Arab and Muslim Americans b. legalizing mass deportation of Arab and Muslim Americans c. condemning discrimination against Arab and Muslim Americans d. condemning grant of permanent residency to Arab and Muslim populations in the United States

Q: Any arbitrary police-initiated action based on race, ethnicity, or national origin rather than a person's behavior is called ________. a. racial profiling b. reverse discrimination c. ethnic paradox d. orientalism

Q: Within the traditional two-party political system, Arab and Muslim Americans tend to ________. a. be socially liberal b. be anti-abortion c. favor civil unions d. oppose school vouchers

Q: Which of the following political trends amongst Muslims and Arab Americans is true? a. A majority of them tend to vote for the Democrats. b. A majority of them tend to favor the Republicans. c. A majority of them perceive the Republicans as being more sensitive to the problems facing Arab and Muslim countries. d. A majority of them become politically active only when they feel that their residency is at stake.

Q: Consumer advocate Ralph Nader, an Arab American politician, ________. a. strongly supported the two party system b. was one of the founding members of the Nation of Islam c. was in favor of a true alternative to the two-party system d. created the secular Organization of Afro-American Unity

Q: ________ is the day marking the end of Ramadan. a. Eid al-Adha b. Mawlid al-Nabi c. Muharram d. Eid al-Fitr

Q: In a religious context, elementary and secondary schools that are attached to mosques are referred to as ________. a. informal schools b. a home schooling system c. a parochial school education d. an unschooling system of education

Q: The family patterns of recent immigrants or children of immigrants in the United States are more likely to be affected by ________. a. the European ideology b. the rules laid down by the U.S. government for immigrants c. the fact that they are Muslim or Arab d. the traditions of their homeland

Q: Which of the following statements is true of Muslim women? a. They are required to present themselves modestly in public. b. They are permitted to have a maximum of four husbands. c. They are permitted to marry outside their community. d. They are required to remarry in the event of a divorce or death of spouse.

Q: Which of the following statements is true of the hijab worn by the Muslim community? a. It is unanimously supported by all Muslim women in the United States. b. It is a head covering or a face veil worn by the women. c. It is meant to add glamour to a woman's dress. d. It is a turban worn the men.

Q: Traditionally, Islam permitted men to have multiple wives ________. a. regardless of their economic resources b. only if they could economically and emotionally support their wives c. only if the first wife could not bear children d. and they could have a maximum of seven wives

Q: The garments that allow women to follow the guidelines of modest dress are called ________. a. hijab b. hajj c. jihad d. hadeeth

Q: Arab Americans have tended to ________. a. migrate to rural areas b. operate stores in low-income areas c. buy into prosperous businesses d. buy into high-end retail stores

Q: Explain the economic status of Puerto Rico, using world systems theory. What problems are contributing to the economic conditions experienced by the majority of the island's inhabitants?

Q: Discuss the social construction of race in Puerto Rico.

Q: Discuss the reasons for the migration of Puerto Ricans to the mainland. Who are the Neoricans?

Q: What are the research findings about immigration and health? How does curanderismo impact Latinos in terms of healthcare?

Q: Why are Latino households considered to be more familistic than others in the United States? Discuss the significant aspects of familism.

Q: What do you mean by the term borderlands? Discuss its influence on Mexicans and other Latino groups.

Q: Discuss the differences between commonwealth, statehood, and independence status for Puerto Rico. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

Q: What was the significance of Csar Chvez's leadership for the Mexican American community? What were the successes of the movement he led? What challenges/barriers were faced in their efforts?

Q: Describe three different policies the United States has had toward the flow of laborers over the Mexican-U.S. border.

Q: ________ is the view of the global economic system as divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited. a. Labeling theory b. Fringe-of-values theory c. World systems theory d. Exploitation theory

Q: Which of the following statements is true of Puerto Rico? a. Puerto Rico plays a crucial role in the economy of the United States. b. Puerto Rico's economy is more stable, even when compared with that of the mainland in a recession. c. Puerto Rico is an example of the world systems theory. d. Puerto Ricans continue to argue and fight for commonwealth status.

Q: A growing problem is that Puerto Rico has emerged as a ________. a. war struck country stifled with unrest and oppression b. country plagued with issues arising out of substance abuse and juvenile delinquency c. major gateway to the United States for illegal drugs from South America d. tax haven for large U.S. corporations that are looking to evade federal income taxes

Q: Which of the following statements is true of the economic trends prevalent in Puerto Rico? a. Efforts to raise the wages of Puerto Rican workers make the island more attractive to labor-intensive businesses. b. Agriculture is the primary source of tax revenue and contributes to two-thirds of the GDP. c. Puerto Rico's unemployment rate is substantially lesser than that of the mainland. d. The median household income of Puerto Rico is one-third of what it is in the United States.

Q: Blanco, trigueo, and moreno are all ________. a. political parties in Puerto Rico b. forms of holistic healthcare and healing used in Puerto Rico c. color gradients to describe people racially in Puerto Rico d. radical nationalist groups in Puerto Rico

Q: Which of the following statements is true of the social construction of race in Puerto Rico? a. The presence of a color gradient in Puerto Rico rather than two or three racial categories means less prejudice. b. Racial identification in Puerto Rico depends a great deal on the attitude of an individual making the judgment. c. Puerto Rico has suffered interracial conflict and violence because of different racial heritages. d. Studies concur that race is as clear-cut an issue in Puerto Rico as it is on the mainland.

Q: The presence of ________ reflects past fusion between different groups in Puerto Rico. a. symbolic ethnicity b. a glass ceiling c. a color gradient d. a functionalist perspective

Q: A ________ describes distinctions based on skin color made on a continuum rather than by sharp categorical separations. a. color paradox b. color perspective c. color hypothesis d. color gradient

Q: ________ is the easiest way for the island of Puerto Rico to retain and strengthen its cultural and political identity. a. Status quo b. Neocolonialism c. Independence d. Statehood

Q: Commonwealth supporters argue that ________. a. independence includes too many unknown costs, so they embrace the status quo b. the idea of statehood invokes the fear of higher taxes c. the idea of statehood results in an erosion of their cultural heritage d. independence leads to nonparticipation in the global economy, thereby restricts international negotiation

Q: Among some residents of Puerto Rico, the idea of statehood invokes the fear of ________. a. higher taxes b. religious oppression c. constricted tourism d. decreased economic development

Q: Puerto Rico's independence could result in the country losing ________. a. its cultural identity b. U.S. protection c. representation in the Olympic Games d. participation in the global economy

Q: Which of the following could be advantageous for Puerto Rico if is granted independence? a. The island would be able to acquire six seats in the House of Representatives. b. The island would be able to enjoy open-market trade with U.S. allies. c. The island would be able to receive federal funds from the U.S. government. d. The island would be able to participate in the global economy.

Q: Which of the following could prove to be a disadvantage for Puerto Rico if it is granted statehood? a. The island would be unable to enjoy open-market trade with U.S. allies. b. The island would lose out on federal funds. c. The island would be denied the right to vote in presidential elections. d. The island would lose representation in the Miss Universe pageant and Olympic Games.

Q: Which of the following could be advantageous for Puerto Rico if it is granted statehood? a. The island would receive federal money to build the infrastructure. b. The island would retain representation in the Miss Universe pageant and Olympic Games. c. The islanders would enjoy U.S. citizenship with a distinct national identity. d. The islanders would not be required to pay federal income taxes.