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Special Education
Q:
Nadia is a two year-old who is beginning to become aware of her surroundings. She is also able to distinguish differences between herself and others. Nadia is in the ______ stage of development.A. sensorimotorB. preoperationalC. concrete operationsD. formal operations
Q:
The original tenets of cognitive-developmental theory were formulated by
A. Erickson
B. Bandura
C. Piaget
D. Jung
Q:
Sybil is a seven year-old with mild intellectual disabilities who has a twin sister of average intellectual functioning. Both sisters progressed through developmental milestones in the same sequence. However, Sybil reached levels at a slower rate and a lower level of functioning than her twin sister. This is known asA. quantitative perspectiveB. qualitative perspectiveC. cognitive-developmental theoryD. process learning
Q:
Better social, motivational, and behavioral adjustment is likely to be related to better
A. health
B. academic functioning
C. both a & b
D. none of the above
Q:
Lovell and Reiss (1993) found a higher incidence of _______ and _______ disorders in individuals with moderate mental retardation.A. mood and metabolicB. physical and behavioralC. behavioral and psychiatricD. metabolic and psychiatric
Q:
The one detrimental recurring factor for the motivational orientations of locus of control, expectancy for failure, and outerdirectedness isA. repeated failures.B. parental verbal abuse.C. negative teacher expectations.D. negative attitudes from peers.
Q:
John is an eight year-old child with Down syndrome. He is currently attending regular classes, but consistently scores below the other children on spelling tests. Because his efforts at studying have not produced desired outcome, John has stopped studying. This phenomenon is known as
A. selective attention
B. fear of failure
C. negative outcome
D. learned helplessness
Q:
_____ allows individuals the opportunity to express preferences, make choices, take risks, assume responsibility, and exert control over their personal circumstances.
A. locus of control
B. grouping
C. self-determination
D. positive energy
Q:
Which of the following is the most debilitating orientation for a child?
A. high failure expectancy
B. outerdirectedness
C. internal locus of control
D. external locus of control
Q:
Those who see positive and negative events as primarily controlled by such outside forces as fate, chance, or other people
A. have an internal locus of control.
B. have an external locus of control.
C. are internally motivated.
D. are externally motivated.
Q:
_____ refers to how one perceives the consequences of one's behavior.
A. locus of control
B. perception
C. observation
D. expectancy
Q:
There is no disproportionate representation of racial, ethnic, and minority groups or low socioeconomic status families among individuals with
A. mental retardation.
B. mild mental retardation.
C. severe mental retardation.
D. high incidence disabilities.
Q:
Milder forms of intellectual disabilities often have not been suspected until the child
A. reaches puberty
B. is at least 6 months old
C. enters school
D. exhibits health problems
Q:
Generally _____ of the population of persons with intellectual disabilities are reported to have mild intellectual disabilities.A. 85 %B. 75 %C. 65 %D. 55 %
Q:
The term _____ historically has been used to convey the nature of one's personal independence and social responsibility.A. daily living skillsB. adaptive behaviorC. intelligenceD. independent living
Q:
The ______ helps to explain how various characteristics and interactions of families over time influence members' experiences both in special education and the larger society.A. adaptability modelB. developmental modelC. family paradigms modelD. family systems theory
Q:
The members of the Greene family refuse to communicate with one another and are constantly bickering. What type of forces is representative of this family?A. centrifugalB. centralC. centripetalD. conforming
Q:
______ forces are those that draw a family together.
A. centrifugal
B. central
C. centripetal
D. conforming
Q:
A ______ includes concepts typically used in the physical sciences.
A. developmental model
B. adaptability model
C. family paradigms model
D. family systems model
Q:
The Alvarez family lives in a quiet area outside of the city limits. They travel to the city only once every two weeks to buy essentials for their home. In addition, they engage in activities in a cohesive manner and become extremely upset if a family member strays away from their belief system. Which of the following types of families most resemble the Alvarez family?A. environmentally sensitive familyB. interpersonally distant familyC. consensus-sensitive familyD. idealistic family
Q:
______ consist primarily of detached family members, loners, and those for whom independence is critically important.A. environmentally sensitive familiesB. interpersonally distant familiesC. consensus-sensitive familiesD. idealistic families
Q:
______ consist of people who see their life events as both knowable and orderly, and all family members are expected to contribute to the sharing of ideas and efforts of orderly family functioning.A. environmentally sensitive familiesB. interpersonally distant familiesC. consensus-sensitive familiesD. idealistic families
Q:
Which model classifies families into one of three different types based on their interpretations of and responses to events around them?A. family paradigms modelB. developmental modelC. adaptability modelD. family systems
Q:
The ______ is based on a sociological framework which focuses on the interactions of family members.A. family paradigms modelB. developmental modelC. adaptability modelD. family systems
Q:
Data indicates that among individuals with intellectual disabilities not living in large public residential facilities ______ live with relatives as compared with 41% of people in the general population.A. 85%B. 75%C. 65%D. 55%
Q:
According to data from 1995, about ______ of adults with intellectual disabilities lived with their spouse as compared with 47% of all adults in the general population.A. 50%B. 32%C. 21%D. 7%
Q:
Multigenerational households are more likely to be found in ______ areas.
A. rural
B. urban
C. suburban
D. poverty stricken
Q:
In 2000, the percent of family households headed by married couples decreased _____ from the 1990 U.S. census.A. 15%B. 12%C. 8%D. 3%
Q:
Single parents now head ______ of U.S. family households, to which 78% of the U.S. population belong.A. 48%B. 32%C. 17%D. 8%
Q:
The ______ represents the most basic and critical unit of a culture, the one with the strongest and most enduring influences.A. churchB. communityC. education systemD. family
Q:
A study was conducted in which one-third of the siblings of individuals with disabilities stated that they intend to live with their sibling upon moving him or her out of the parental home.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Active involvement in parental support groups has been associated with positive stress management functioning in families.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Based on 1995 data, the most recent available American divorce/separation rates range from 40% to 60% within the first five years of marriage.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In 2000, data indicated that 18% of the population spoke a language other than English.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The diversity of the U.S. school aged population is increasing, while the diversity of our teaching force has remained fairly homogenous.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Interpersonal relationships comprise the cornerstone of a family's existence.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The individual represents the simplest yet oldest social unit of humankind.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Increased levels of stress occur in all families who have members with intellectual disabilities.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The aging process of family members with and without intellectual disabilities are driving forces behind decisions about their future.
a. True
b. False
Q:
An increasing number of American children are growing up in single parent households.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Sandy told her friend that she had to leave her party early to return home to a meeting regarding her son who has Fragile X syndrome. The meeting which was held in Sandy's home included a case manager, a treatment team, as well as Sandy's immediate family members. This service which was provided to Sandy and her family is calledA. family systemsB. person-centered planningC. wraparound servicesD. supportive services
Q:
Approximately ______ of all people with disabilities were employed in 2000.
A. 72%
B. 54%
C. 44%
D. 24%
Q:
______ can include respite care, family counseling, behavior training, and support groups for parents and siblings.A. family support servicesB. supportive servicesC. wraparound servicesD. family systems
Q:
Fewer than ______ of all people with intellectual disabilities receive care in institutions or residential care facilities.A. 40%B. 25%C. 15%D. 5%
Q:
In ______ the individual with intellectual disabilities and his or her family members actively participate with teachers and other professionals to address educational needs and strengths, as well as to develop plans for postsecondary life.A. person-centered planningB. supportive servicesC. wraparound servicesD. family systems
Q:
Values of normalcy, independence, and self-determination are heavily embedded in
A. family systems
B. person-centered planning
C. wraparound services
D. supportive services
Q:
The term that is used to describe family-centered involvement and decision making isA. empowermentB. inclusionC. supportive systemD. none of the above
Q:
Tammy is a two month old baby who has been recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Upon learning of her disability, her parents immediately scheduled appointments with two other physicians to find a cure for Tammy. This stage is most closely related toA. denialB. depressionC. bargainingD. anger
Q:
In accordance with the five stages of acceptance of a disability, upon learning a child has intellectual disabilities, the first reaction families typically have isA. a shaken sense of identityB. a sense of increased frustrationC. a sense of denialD. excitement for the new challenge
Q:
The five stages of acceptance of a disability, corresponds with
A. Piaget's stages of development
B. Kubler-Ross' stages of grieving model
C. Erickson's stages of development
D. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Q:
______ essentially means how families take action to meet members' individual and collective needs.A. family functioningB. family interactionC. family systemD. family characteristic
Q:
What organization housed in Children's Hospital Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, sponsors workshops for children, publishes a newsletter, and provides materials for teachers and counselors who work with siblings of children with disabilities?A. Children and Families InvolvedB. National Association of Sibling ProgramsC. Siblings UnitedD. Families Congregating Together
Q:
A family's ability to organize itself, to solve problems, and to grow and change in light of challenges faced all depend upon the family's
A. ability to communication
B. coping ability
C. level of health and well being
D. dynamics, coping ability, and parenting skills
Q:
The major determinant of the psychological health and well being of the child is the psychological health and well being of the.
A. family unit
B. siblings
C. parents
D. extended family
Q:
According to research, it has been found that fathers of children with intellectual disabilities are highly involved in _____A. childrearingB. homemaking rolesC. work-related rolesD. custodial roles
Q:
Tay-Sach's disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Research has yet to be accumulated that may identify educational and psychological intervention strategies that are etiology-specific.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In the majority of cases where amniocentesis was used its primary purpose has been to detect the gender of the fetus.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Chromosomal problems are the product of hereditary exchange.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Congenital syphilis is a maternal disease resulting in damage to the central nervous system which causes severe disabilities in the developing fetus.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome are often of tall stature with large features.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Genetic screening is a measure used to identify unknown carriers of recessive traits.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Recessive inheritance is associated with the production of severe disabilities and serious health problems, such as sickle-cell anemia and cystic fibrosis.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Adequate nutrition, fetal monitoring, and protection from disease are the foundations of prenatal care.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Approximately10% of pregnancies have beginnings with some chromosomal imbalance which usually abort spontaneously during the first trimester of pregnancy.
a. True
b. False
Q:
An intervention that assists a child who has a disability is a
A. pre-natal prevention.
B. primary prevention.
C. secondary prevention.
D. tertiary prevention
Q:
Oxygen deprivation severe enough to cause permanent brain damage and retardation is called.A. anoxiaB. hydrocephalousC. deletionD. amniocentesis
Q:
Which of the following gestation periods is most likely to be associated with birth defects?A. 24-28 weeks.B. 37-41 weeks.C. 42-46 weeks.D. 52 weeks.
Q:
A disorder resulting from blockage of cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity that causes an enlarged head and undue pressure on the brain is termed
A. anoxia
B. Tay Sach's
C. hydrocephalus
D. Prader-Willi syndrome
Q:
The chromosomal abnormality that has been associated with mild to moderate retardation, learning disabilities, and insatiable appetite is
A. Fragile X syndrome.
B. Klinefelter syndrome.
C. Prader-Willi syndrome.
D. Turner syndrome.
Q:
The exchange of a fragment of chromosomal material within the same chromosome is calledA. geneticsB. variable expressivityC. translocationD. uniparental disomy
Q:
The failure of one pair of chromosomes to split correctly at meiosis resulting in atrisomy isA. deletionB. homozygousC. nondisjunctionD. mosaicism
Q:
The most common cause of Down syndrome is
A. inheritance.
B. mosaicism.
C. translocation.
D. Trisomy 21.
Q:
The division and pairing of gametes to form the genetic formation for an embryo is
A. nondisjunction
B. chromosomes
C. mosaicism
D. meiosis
Q:
The use of abnormal chromosome arrangements present from conception but most often not the product of hereditary exchange is known asA. innateB. autosomesC. mosaicismD. mutation
Q:
Which of the following is more likely to occur?
A. a chromosomal disorder occurring in a child when the mother is over age 35
B. a chromosomal disorder occurring in a child when the mother is over age 32
C. a chromosomal disorder occurring in a child when the mother is under age 20
D. none of the above
Q:
The interaction of multiple genes and networks which influences individual intellectual functioning is calledA. Human Genome ProjectB. mosaicismC. polygenetic inheritanceD. meiosis
Q:
An inherited metabolic disease resulting from the absence of an enzyme for digestion which causes a toxic buildup of substances in the blood and urine is calledA. Fragile XB. Phenylketonuria (PKU)C. Tay-Sach's DiseaseD. Down Syndrome
Q:
In what case would a recessive gene be expressed?
A. in a child with blue eyes
B. in several disorders capable of producing severe disabilities
C. in such health impairments as sickle-cell anemia and cystic fibrosis
D. all of the above
Q:
An individual gene that has control or can mask the other gene in the pair is called
A. recessive inheritance
B. dominant inheritance
C. deletion
D. translocation