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Special Education
Q:
The first time the term adaptive behavior was used in the AAMD definition was in
A. 1961
B. 1973
C. 1977
D. 1988
Q:
Martina and her brother live in a low income housing project in a large city. They have both been misclassified as mentally retarded and have been placed in special education classes for the past several years. These children are known asA. forgotten childrenB. six-hour retarded childrenC. deprived childrenD. victims
Q:
What is the primary factor used to describe and determine intellectual disabilities today?
A. intellectual functioning
B. adaptive behavior
C. deficits in daily living
D. communication deficits
Q:
The period during which primary growth and development occur (birth through 16 years of age) is termedA. growth periodB. primary periodC. developmental periodD. both a & d
Q:
An individual's adaptation to the demands of his or her environment is referred to as
A. adaptive behavior
B. emotional maturation
C. social adjustment
D. environmentally sound
Q:
Ms. Tran's son has been evaluated for the gifted program at his elementary school. She is interested in learning where his IQ score of 135 compares to the mean score for the general population. Which of the following terms will provide the most accuracy in determining this information?
A. incidence
B. percentage
C. ratio
D. standard deviation
Q:
Performing at least 1 standard deviation below the mean on a standardized intelligence test is referred to as
A. mentally retarded
B. subaverage general intellectual functioning
C. adaptive deficits
D. intellectually challenged
Q:
Peter is a twenty-two-year-old man with an IQ of 72 who is shopping at the corner drug store. Mr. Smith, the owner of the store refuses to allow Peter to shop without another adult present. Peter is most likely a victim of
A. racism
B. unfairness
C. disablism
D. handicappism
Q:
What program for children with intellectual disabilities was abandoned because they were being teased by their classmates?A. Program for the Intellectually HandicappedB. Children in Need of Special ServicesC. DDPD. DISTAR
Q:
The term ________ refers to students whose abilities were adequate for them to profit from an academically-oriented curriculum.A. educable mentally retarded (EMR)B. trainable mentally retarded (TMR)C. both a and bD. developmental disabilty
Q:
Dominic has an IQ of 65 and presents with rapid mood swings along with visual hallucinations. Dominic is most likely
A. dually diagnosed
B. physically ill
C. severely mentally retarded
D. schizoid
Q:
The term "idiot" was
A. used to include all levels of mental retardation.
B. only used to describe individuals with behavior disorders.
C. clearly defined.
D. first defined by a medical doctor.
Q:
The preferred term used when speaking of individuals with cognitive and adaptive
deficits is
A. mental retardation
B. intellectual disability
C. developmentally challenged
D. intellectually handicapped
Q:
________ offers a social system perspective of mental retardation, defining it as "an
achieved social status in a social system."
A. Mercer
B. Gold
C. Kolstoe
D. Doll
Q:
Developmental disability refers to individuals with mental retardation particularly
among
A. preschool children
B. children between the ages of 3 and 18
C. adults
D. none of the above
Q:
During the Services-Based Orientation (1960"1985) the notion of maintaining individuals with intellectual disabilities in inclusive settings along with appropriate supports took hold.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Supreme Court of the United States has decided that schools must provide appropriate as opposed to optimal education programs.
a. True
b. False
Q:
During the Supports-Based Orientation (1985"Present), the number of students identified as intellectually disabled continued to increase, with a slight decrease in recent years.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Civil Rights Movement impeded the progress of legislation for protecting and educating individuals with disabilities.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Supreme Court decision in the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) desegregation case affected policy making for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
a. True
b. False
Q:
President Kennedy had a profound effect on the field of intellectual disabilities.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Toward the end of the 19th century important social forces, such as urbanization and industrialism were occurring that would have effects on those with cognitive limitations.
a. True
b. False
Q:
During the Facilities-Based Orientation Era (1890"1960), institutions in the United States switched from the role of providing custodial care to one of providing education.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Prior to 1700 milder forms of intellectual disabilities as we perceive it today were not recognizable.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Prior to 1700, knowledge of intellectual disability by society was quite extensive.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which piece of legislation protects the civil rights of people with disabilities?
A) IDEA.
B) the Americans with Disabilities Act.
C) Larry P. v. Riles.
D) the Rehabilitation Act.
Q:
Erin is a fourteen-year-old female with Down syndrome. She is currently attending classes with individuals without intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, she is not receiving special resources for her disability. She is a member of several extracurricular clubs and has a group of friends with whom she spends time after school. This is known as
A) inclusion
B) mainstreaming
C) both a and b
D) neither a nor b
Q:
Why was Arthur Jensen's writing considered inflammatory?
A) He implied blacks were intellectually inferior to whites.
B) He implied whites were superior to blacks athletically.
C) He felt individuals with intellectual disabilities were less than human.
D) He was in agreement with sterilizing individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Q:
Gina is a thirty-year-old female with an IQ of 61. Five years ago she lived in a group home and worked in a sheltered workshop. She and the other five residents went everywhere together and were required to wear bright orange shirts to enable the staff to keep up with them better. Now she lives in an apartment with a friend. She also works five days a week at the local library and is a member of a bicycle club. The change in Gina's life demonstrates the concept of
A) segregation
B) mainstreaming
C) normalization
D) all of the above
Q:
The right to education states that children with disabilities are entitled to
A) specialized classrooms
B) free and appropriate public school education
C) private tutoring
D) extra classroom time
Q:
What happened in the 1971 case of Wyatt v. Stickney?
A) A child was not receiving fair treatment in the public school setting.
B) There was a lack of appropriate treatment to residents at an institution in Alabama.
C) Individuals with disabilities were denied access to jobs.
D) Individuals with disabilities were denied access to education.
Q:
What is the difference between Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia and PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania?
A) The focus for Mills was a free public education for all individuals with disabilities, whereas PARC focused on free public education specifically for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
B) The focus for PARC was a free public education for all individuals with disabilities, whereas Mills focused on free public education specifically for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
C) The focus for Mills was to provide special accommodations for individuals in wheelchairs, whereas PARC focused on accommodations for individuals with hearing impairments.
D) The focus for PARC was to provide special accommodations for individuals in wheelchairs, whereas Mills focused on accommodations for individuals with hearing impairments.
Q:
Who inferred that environmental factors have a critical effect on IQ?
A) Doll
B) Itard
C) Skeels and Dye
D) Binet
Q:
The Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) measures
A) daily living skills
B) IQ
C) verbal skills
D) social competence
Q:
PKU, a known cause of mental retardation is considered to be a
A) genetic malformation
B) metabolic disturbance
C) result of inbreeding
D) chromosomal defect
Q:
The issue of educating all students with intellectual disabilities was formally addressed with the passage of
A) P.L. 94-142.
B) P.L. 85-926.
C) P.L. 93-531.
D) P.L. 91-421.
Q:
The first national organization to become a key force in special education was the
A) Special Education Association for Disabled Children.
B) International Council for the Education of Exceptional Children.
C) Association for Retarded Citizens.
D) President's Panel on Mental Retardation.
Q:
Marcia is a seventeen year-old female with an IQ of 68 who works at a grocery store during evening hours and attends public school during the day. Which Act is responsible for her ability to accomplish this feat?
A) Social Security Act
B) Job Force Act
C) Handicapped Individuals Against Discrimination Act
D) Vocational Rehabilitation Act
Q:
The process of rendering an individual unable to reproduce is termed
A) neutered
B) eugenics
C) normalization
D) sterilization
Q:
What role did Oliver Wendell Holmes play in the history of intellectual disabilities?
A) He was instrumental in the testing movement.
B) He helped reintegrate them into the community.
C) He assisted in the mainstreaming of individuals with intellectual disabilities.
D) He supported the enactment of sterilization laws.
Q:
What is the significance of the ideas expressed in Sir Francis Galton's Hereditary Genius?
A) Galton established a theoretical basis for the inheritance of mental defectiveness.
B) Galton's work seemed to catalyze the eugenics movement that advocated the genetic control of mental defectiveness.
C) both a & b
D) none of the above
Q:
What was the result of the Eugenics movement for people with intellectual disabilities?
A) the enactment of sterilization laws
B) better education
C) free choice
D) better health care
Q:
What was the impetus behind the changing view of society towards people with intellectual disabilities during the Facilities-Based Orientation Era (1890"1960)?
A) Not enough teachers could be found to instruct the children with intellectual disabilities.
B) Studies began to show students with intellectual disabilities learned better in a full-care facility.
C) Citizens became afraid that people with intellectual disabilities were dangerous.
D) Funding was only supplied for full-service facilities.
Q:
The initial purpose of institutions in the United States was to provide
A) custodial care
B) education
C) punishment
D) housing
Q:
The person to establish the first public facility for training individuals with intellectual disabilities in America was
A) Itard.
B) Howe.
C) Dix.
D) Wilbur.
Q:
Wilbur was the person who established the first private facility for treating individuals with intellectual disabilities in
A) Africa
B) Europe
C) Asia
D) America
Q:
How did the work of Dorothea Dix apply to the field of intellectual disabilities?
A) Dix observed a young child on the street who appeared to be in pain. She was then moved to make a difference.
B) Dix had an adoptive son with an intellectual disability and she witnessed his pain. She was then moved to make a difference.
C) Individuals with intellectual disabilities lacked a strong advocacy base and Dix was an advocate for individuals who were less fortunate.
D) both a & b
Q:
The person who campaigned for better treatment of those who were economically disadvantaged or receiving institutional care in America was
A) Itard.
B) Howe.
C) Dix.
D) Wilber.
Q:
Special education as a discipline originated in
A) North America.
B) Africa.
C) Europe.
D) Asia.
Q:
The prototype for institutional care was developed by
A) Dix
B) Itard
C) Howe
D) Guggenbuhl
Q:
The person who developed a systematic methodology that emphasized physiological and moral education was
A) Sequin
B) Itard
C) Howe
D) Guggenbuhl
Q:
Why does the story of Victor have significance in the field of intellectual disabilities?
A) The use of systematic instruction was introduced.
B) It highlights the need for separate schools.
C) It demonstrates the usefulness of intelligence testing.
D) It illustrates the fact that spoken language can be acquired at any age.
Q:
The person who tried to educate a young child found in the woods was
A) Sequin
B) Itard
C) Howe
D) Dix
Q:
Renaissance thinking encouraged a philosophy of
A) optimism
B) humanism
C) pessimism
D) skepticism
Q:
The history of intellectual disabilities
A) indicates repeated events are nonexistent.
B) suggests issues and events are cyclic.
C) is not well documented.
D) is not relevant for understanding the development of special education.
Q:
Antisocial students often:
a. Gravitate toward a deviant peer group.
b. Have high status in peer groups.
c. Reject prosocial models.
d. All of the above.
e. Only A and C.
Q:
Direct observation is particularly important when evaluating disorders that involve:
b. Depression.
c. Externalizing problems.
d. Internalizing problems.
e. Mania.
Q:
Social skills training programs have proven:
a. Largely ineffective.
b. Moderately effective.
c. Very effective.
d. Only A and B.
e. None of the above.
Q:
An IQ score is a moderately accurate predictor of
a. Overall capacity.
b. Overall capacity minus the effects of specialized interventions.
c. What a student is likely to learn in the future.
d. What a student is likely to learn in the future with no special intervention.
Q:
Neglected children appear to exhibit:
a. Conformity to teacher expectations.
b. High levels of prosocial behavior.
c. Lack of assertiveness.
d. All of the above.
e. Only A and B.
Q:
In using standardized intelligence and achievement tests, one must avoid
a. Failing to consider the margin of error.
b. Failing to consider the match between an achievement test and instructional expectations.
c. Failing to use scores that predict important outcomes.
d. All of the above.
e. Only A and B.
Q:
Social withdrawal is associated with:
a. Peer aggression.
b. Peer avoidance.
c. Peer rejection.
d. All of the above.
e. Only A and B.
Q:
In order to make a meaningful comparison, a norm group should be composed of individuals:
a. At the same age.
b. At the same grade.
c. With the same instructional experience.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
Q:
As children grow older, they tend to exhibit:
a. less overt physical aggression.
b. less overt emotional aggression.
c. more overt physical aggression.
d. more overt emotional aggression.
Q:
A standardized measure is:
a. Conducted in a standard way with each individual with whom its used.
b. Conducted to determine whether a student meets a specific standard.
c. Conducted using content judged standard across grade levels.
d. Conducted using the standards of ethical behavior.
Q:
Better liked youth are those who can:
a. Appeal to group norms by alienating peers.
b. Appeal to group norms without alienating peers.
c. Disregard group norms by alienating peers.
d. Disregard group norms without alienating peers.
Q:
Functional behavioral assessment can be used to arrange an instructional program that maximizes
a. Behavior problems while resolving freedom.
b. Behavior problems while resolving discipline.
c. Discipline while resolving behavior problems.
d. Freedom while resolving behavior problems.
Q:
Social status can be measured using:
a. Direct behavioral observations.
b. Peer nominations.
c. Teacher ratings.
d. All of the above.
e. Only A and B.
Q:
Manifestation determination hearings address:
a. The relation of behavior to a student's disability.
b. The relation of the behavior to the IEP.
c. The relation of the behavior to the student.
d. The relation of the IEP to a student's disability.
Q:
Antisocial youth tend to gravitate toward:
a. Deviant peers.
b. Parents.
c. Socially adept peers.
d. Teachers.
Q:
Manifestation determination hearings
a. Are mandated by the Council for Exceptional Children.
b. Are mandated by law.
c. Are mandated through IDEA.
d. All of the above.
e. Only B and C.
Q:
The primary factors in an empirically derived model of the development of antisocial behavior are:
a. Poor peer relations, academic incompetence, and low self-esteem.
b. Poor peer relations, academic incompetence, and shyness.
c. Poor peer relations, shyness, and low self-esteem.
d. Shyness, academic incompetence, and low self-esteem.
Q:
Manifestation determination hearings are mandated whenever
a. A student's behavior warrants discipline.
b. A student's behavior warrants punishment.
c. A student's behavior warrants a change in placement.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
Q:
Aggressive youth are more likely to attribute __________________ to their peers' behavior.
a. Desire for conformity.
b. Hostile intentions.
c. Shyness.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
Q:
In curriculum based evaluation
a. Curriculum is evaluated relative to student performance.
b. Grades are assigned relative to student performance.
c. Grades are assigned relative to curriculum covered.
d. Student performance is evaluated relative to curriculum.
Q:
Social rejection is associated with:
a. Conformity and disruptiveness.
b. Conformity and shyness.
c. Hostility and disruptiveness.
d. Hostility and shynesss.
Q:
An emerging approach to special education eligibility involves:
a. Criterion based evaluation.
b. Curriculum based evaluation.
c. Standards based assessment.
d. All of the above.
e. Only B and C.
Q:
Social acceptance is associated with:
a. Aggression, friendliness, and conformity to rules.
b. Helpfulness, aggression, and conformity to rules.
c. Helpfulness, friendliness, and aggression.
d. Helpfulness, friendliness, and conformity to rules.
Q:
Special education eligibility should involve:
a. Cost analysis, assessment of peer relations, and self-reports.
b. Interviews, assessment of peer relations, and self-reports.
c. Interviews, assessment of peer relations, and cost analysis.
d. Interviews, cost analysis, and self-reports.
Q:
Historically, researchers focused on the role of the _____________ in the development of EBD.
a. Family.
b. Media.
c. Peer group.
d. All of the above.
e. Only A and B.