Q&A Hero

Q: Charlie is a student with muscular dystrophy and an intellectual disability. He would be classified as a child with multiple disabilities A) automatically B) if both disabilities were diagnosed in infancy C) if more than two areas of functioning were affected D) if his educational needs could not be met in a program for one of the disabilities

Q: Which of the following students is most likely to have problems with reading? A) Abe, a child with a phonological disorder B) Charlene, a child with a fluency disorder C) Demetrius, a child with a voice disorder D) Francine, a child with an articulation disorder

Q: Which of the following statements about challenging behaviors and students with intellectual disabilities is true? A) The challenging behaviors displayed are usually caused by mental illness. B) Students with mild intellectual disabilities rarely display challenging behaviors. C) Students with severe intellectual disabilities generally exhibit fewer challenging behaviors. D) Students with severe intellectual disabilities generally display more challenging behaviors.

Q: How do blindness and low vision affect learning, motor development, and social interaction?

Q: If you were part of a student's IEP/ITP team and could ask only three questions before planning transition services, what would those questions be?

Q: Which of the following statements about students with profound disabilities is accurate? A) Most of them are ambulatory. B) They need minimal support with daily living skills. C) They function no higher than a two-year-old in many areas. D) Sophisticated IQ tests are needed to plan educational programs for this population.

Q: Which of the following statements about speech-sound errors are true? A) Treatments to address them are relatively simple. B) Treatments must be implemented before the age of 1) C) They result from a defect in the operation of the speech apparatus. D) They result from problems recognizing or processing the sounds of language.

Q: Social deficits displayed by students with intellectual disabilities include all of the following except A) inability to recall names B) poor communication skills C) inability to recognize emotional states of others D) unusual or inappropriate behavior during social interactions

Q: What are the instructional implications of the three general classifications of visual impairments that educators use?

Q: Describe and give examples of three characteristics of good secondary programs for individuals with disabilities.

Q: TASH is an advocacy organization for people who A) are most likely to be granted unique rights B) have significant disabilities and support needs C) have the tools and opportunities to make their own decisions D) are most likely to live, work, and play in integrated environments

Q: Nicole tells her older brother that Mom need some "pleach" from the store before she can wash his socks. Nicole's speech error is known as a/an A) addition B) distortion C) omission D) substitution

Q: Which of the following is the best example of self-determination? A) Frances refuses to take a consumer math class because she hates math. B) Gina asks to ride the bus to town with her cousin so she can learn to use public transportation. C) Holly decides to leave school during lunch period to celebrate a friend's birthday at a restaurant. D) Janelle decides to ride to school with her mother because her mother says the students on the bus are too wild

Q: How might membership in the Deaf culture influence a student's and his family's perspectives and wishes regarding educational placement?

Q: Postsecondary education is not an option for students with significant disabilities.

Q: Which of the following would qualify as a student with severe disability? A) Karin, a student who is deaf and blind B) Liam, a student with an IQ of 45 C) Melanie, a student with severe emotional disturbance D) Nathan, a student with traumatic brain injury

Q: Which of the following statements about dialects is most accurate? A) Dialects are more common in English than in other languages. B) Dialects are linguistically correct within the rules that govern them. C) Dialects should usually be considered to be inferior to Standard English. D) Dialects are severe forms of communication disorders that require intensive intervention.

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of learned helplessness and outer-directedness? A) They may be caused by frequent failure. B) They are often seen as a lack of motivation. C) They often result from dependency on other people. D) They are an inherent characteristic of intellectual disabilities.

Q: How do oral/aural, total communication, and bilingual-bicultural approaches to teaching students who are deaf and hard of hearing differ in their philosophies and methods?

Q: Instruction in academic skills is minimally important to many employers.

Q: Students with severe disabilities A) have IQ's of 25 and below B) constitute a separate category under IDEA C) probably won"t achieve in meaningful ways D) have tremendous diversity in learning and physical challenges

Q: Which of the following children shows signs of a receptive language disorder? A) Jayla, who says, "Him sawed the animal." B) Alyssa, who says "Tanks for the tookie." instead of "Thanks for the cookie." C) Chelsea, who can"t follow a sequence of commands such as "Get your coat." and "Line up." D) Michaela, who says, "G-G-Good m-m-m-morning, M-M-M-Mrs. Little." to the principal.

Q: Carlos is a student with an intellectual disability. Mrs. Busby, his teacher, just saw him copying from Jasmine's paper rather than attempt a writing assignment on his own. How can she help Carlos be more independent? A) She should punish Carlos for cheating. B) She should give Carlos a lower grade for copying. C) She should allow Carlos to choose a topic to write about. D) She should assign each student a different topic so that copying would be useless.

Q: How do students who are deaf or hard of hearing use technologies and supports to amplify, supplement, or replace sound?

Q: People with disabilities engaged in competitive employment can be paid less than workers without disabilities.

Q: Why is it important to adapt toys for use by children with disabilities? How might you try to adapt a toy for a child who has limited use of fingers and hands?

Q: Kyle will celebrate his third birthday next month. His parents report that he has a vocabulary of approximately 30 words and speaks mainly in one-word utterances. According to current research, which of the following terms most accurately describes Kyle? A) communication disordered B) developmentally delayed C) language impaired D) late talker

Q: Which of the following exemplifies learned helplessness? A) Ayden listens to the teacher as she gives directions. B) Brenda asks for help when she does not understand how to solve a math problem. C) Colleen counts on her fingers to multiply 4 9 because she does not know the answer. D) Darla has studied for a spelling test but she refuses to write any of the words the teacher dictates.

Q: What implications for a child's education result from the type of hearing loss and age of onset?

Q: Elementary students should develop career awareness by shadowing employees at their work sites.

Q: Imagine you"re a fourth grade teacher with a new student with a physical disability or health impairment. What might you do to encourage your class to accept the new student?

Q: Which of the following is not a process involved in the production of speech? A) articulation B) intonation C) resonation D) respiration

Q: Which of the following statements about attention and students with intellectual disabilities is most accurate? A) They have a great capacity for sustained attention. B) They are slower to attend to relevant features of a task. C) They are more likely to focus on complex tasks rather than simple ones. D) They have extreme difficulty coming to attention but can focus once a stimulus grabs their attention.

Q: How might deafness affect a child's acquisition and use of speech and language, academic achievement, and social functioning?

Q: According to IDEA, special educators are responsible for implementing transition goals and services.

Q: What can you do to teach a child with physical disabilities or health impairments to be independent?

Q: How many bound morphemes are in the word unpleasantly? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

Q: Tony is a typically developing student in preschool. He learned to discriminate between a circle and a triangle in 3 trials. His classmate, Jay, has an intellectual disability. How many trials might Jay require to perform the same task? A) 3 B) 10 C) 30 D) 50

Q: What distinguishes a child who is deaf from a child who is hard of hearing in terms of the primary sensory mode used for learning and communication?

Q: An individualized transition plan must be a part of the IEP once a student attends middle school.

Q: Explain the pros and cons of drug therapy for treatment of ADHD.

Q: How many phonemes are contained in the word chips? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5

Q: Early researchers suggested that students with intellectual disabilities have ability similar to people without disabilities in A) long-term memory retention B) metacognition C) short-term memory D) working memory

Q: How does the role of the speech-language pathologist change as a function of the educational setting in which a child with communication disorders is served?

Q: Adult employment should be the major focus and outcome of transition services.

Q: What were the findings of Irving Independent School District v. Tatro (1984) and Cedar Rapids Community School District v. Garret F. (1999), and what were the implications for schools?

Q: Jake is a high school student. After-school conversations with friends include the use of slang words and may include telling of a "dirty joke." When Jake arrives at his grandparents' house he uses standard English and says "ma"am" and "sir" when addressing them. This ability to adjust language represents skill in A) morphology B) phonology C) pragmatics D) semantics

Q: Many students with mild intellectual disabilities are not identified until A) shortly after birth B) middle school C) second or third grade D) high school when curriculum becomes content oriented

Q: What is augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), and who can it help?

Q: Instructional materials and activities for secondary students should teach academic and transition skills.

Q: Technology can generally be pulled off the shelf to assist students with physical disabilities.

Q: Which dimension of language is concerned with the meaning of words and combinations of words? A) morphology B) pragmatics C) semantics D) syntax

Q: Which of the following adaptive behavior assessments includes questions about adaptive and maladaptive behaviors?A) ABS IIB) ABS-S2C) DABSD) Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales

Q: What are the basic goals and common elements of effective interventions for speech-sound errors? for language disorders?

Q: Most students with disabilities feel prepared for adulthood when they leave high school.

Q: On-task behavior usually results in an increase in productivity.

Q: The smallest elements of language that carry meaning are called A) morphemes B) phonemes C) syllables D) words

Q: A person's adaptive behavior is usually assessed by A) interviewing the person B) administering a written test C) watching a person perform specific tasks D) interviewing someone who knows the person well

Q: What are the major components of a comprehensive evaluation to detect the presence and extent of a communication disorder?

Q: Young adults with disabilities have a lower rate of involvement with the criminal justice system than their peers without disabilities.

Q: One or two children in a typical classroom will show symptoms of ADHD.

Q: Which of the following is true regarding languages? A) Languages are static. B) Languages are made up of concrete symbols. C) The codes that constitute languages are informal. D) The symbols and rules that govern languages are arbitrary.

Q: Which of the following best represents a deficit in adaptive behavior? A) Three-year-old Joey is afraid of the dark. B) Five-year old Darrell cannot tie his shoes. C) Twelve-year-old Chandler cannot cross the street without assistance. D) Fourteen-year-old Rodney calls his friend a sissy for wearing a hat in cold weather.

Q: How are causes of speech and language impairments classified?

Q: Poverty rates are highest among adults with severe disabilities.

Q: Children with asthma cannot participate in sports.

Q: Which function of communication allows children to gain a sense of themselves and an awareness of others? A) expressing B) informing C) narrating D) requesting

Q: IQ tests are useful for all of the following purposes except A) predicting school achievement B) measuring a hypothetical construct C) determining objectives for an IEP D) identifying overall deficits in cognitive functioning

Q: What types of communication disorders might statements such as "The dogs runned home" and "That foop is dood" signal?

Q: Compared to youths without disabilities, fewer youths with disabilities are employed after completing high school.

Q: The eyes and the liver are most likely to be affected from untreated diabetes.

Q: A person who engages in intraindividual communication A) talks to a single person B) talks to himself/herself C) talks to more than one person D) talks to a large group of people

Q: Which of the following statements about IQ tests is NOT true? A) IQ test scores tend to be static. B) Intelligence tests can be culturally biased. C) Intelligence testing is not an exact science. D) IQ tests measure performance at one point in time.

Q: How are speech and language impairments related to one another and to typical language development?

Q: Define and give an example of self-advocacy.

Q: Most victims of traumatic spinal cord injuries are between the ages of 16 and 30.

Q: Explain how a teacher would provide an effective education for a child with ASD included in her general education classroom.

Q: Caleb is a student who needs limited supports to function at school and in the community. Based on this knowledge, which of the following is most likely to represent his level of intellectual disability? A) mild B) moderate C) severe D) profound

Q: Why are fads and unproven interventions so prevalent in the education and treatment of children with autism?

Q: Explain how postsecondary education benefits employment for individuals with disabilities.