Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following differentiates introverts from extraverts? A) Introverts tend to be happier in their jobs in comparison to extraverts. B) Introverts express feelings more freely compared to extraverts. C) Introverts experience more positive emotions than extraverts. D) Introverts are generally more assertive than extraverts. E) Introverts are less impulsive than extraverts.

Q: With reference to the Big Five Model, which of the following is a difference between highly agreeable and less agreeable people? A) Highly agreeable people tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs than less agreeable people. B) Highly agreeable people are less compliant and less rule abiding than less agreeable people. C) Highly agreeable people tend to be less satisfied in their jobs than less agreeable people. D) Highly agreeable people engage in less organization citizenship behavior than less agreeable people. E) Highly agreeable people have more tendency to engage in organizational deviance than less agreeable people.

Q: Among the Big Five model traits, ________ is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and low stress levels. A) extraversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) emotional stability E) openness to experience

Q: Which of the following is most likely to be a drawback of highly conscientious people according to the Big Five model? A) They engage in numerous risky behaviors, such as smoking and drinking. B) They tend to indulge in irresponsible behavior and be disorganized. C) They do not adapt well to changing contexts. D) They focus on learning instead of performing a job efficiently. E) They excessively emphasize being creative.

Q: ________ has been found to be more important than other traits in the success of CEOs of private equity companies. A) Extraversion B) Agreeableness C) Conscientiousness D) Emotional stability E) Openness to experience

Q: Marina Lyon works as a reservation executive at a travel and tourism company. Though her job requires her only to efficiently book flight tickets for customers, she has also opted to undergo training to learn the process of hotel reservations. In addition, every evening she reads travelogues to be aware of upcoming travel destinations and trends. She loves the industry she works in and is eager to learn as much as she can. Considering the information given in this case, which dimension of the Big Five model best describes Lyon's personality? A) extraversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience E) emotional stability

Q: According to the Big Five model, the ________ dimension addresses a range of interests and fascination with novelty. A) emotional stability B) extraversion C) openness to experience D) agreeableness E) conscientiousness

Q: Which of the following dimensions of the Big Five model indicates a person's ability to withstand stress? A) emotional stability B) extraversion C) openness to experience D) agreeableness E) conscientiousness

Q: According to the Big Five model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable. A) low on emotional stability B) low on openness to experience C) high on agreeableness D) high on extraversion E) low on conscientiousness

Q: According to the Big Five model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________. A) distracted, disorganized, and unreliable B) calm, self-confident, and secure C) cold, disagreeable, and antagonistic D) responsible, organized, and dependable E) reserved, timid, and quiet

Q: Which dimension of the Big Five model is a measure of reliability? A) extraversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience E) emotional stability

Q: Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others? A) conscientiousness B) agreeableness C) extraversion D) openness to experience E) emotional stability

Q: The ________ is a personality assessment model that taps basic dimensions which encompass most of the significant variation in human personality, namely extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator B) Big Five model C) Birkman method D) Keirsey Temperament Sorter E) Fort© Profile

Q: What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality? A) It has an excess of classifications, which tends to confuse a person. B) It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another. C) It does not have a clear demarcation between different personality types. D) It tends to overemphasize intuitive traits over analytical traits. E) It indicates results related exclusively to job performance.

Q: What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of S versus N stand for? A) sensing/intuitive B) social/perceiving C) stable/negligent D) sympathetic/thinking E) shrewd/feeling

Q: What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I"stand for? A) enthusiastic/ingenious B) emotional/impulsive C) extraverted/introverted D) emotive/illustrative E) empathetic/innovative

Q: According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people with an ENTP personality type are most likely to be ________. A) illogical B) innovative C) intuitive D) skeptical E) stubborn

Q: People with an ESTJ personality type are characterized as ________ according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification. A) irrational B) perplexed C) decisive D) disoriented E) emotional

Q: According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, introverted-intuitive-thinking-judging type of people are ________. A) visionaries B) organizers C) conceptualizers D) executors E) methodists

Q: Amber Downing, a human resource executive, is in charge of the recruitment process in her organization. During the hiring process, she often needs to coordinate with prospective employees. The organizational process does not require her to inform employees who do not get through the selection process. However she believes that it is rude not to give them an update. She thus makes sure that she sends them e-mails informing them about the selection process. Which of the following types is Downing characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification? A) sensing B) judging C) thinking D) feeling E) introverted

Q: Valerie Sinclair, a climate campaigner at an environmental organization, invariably uses rationale to make decisions for project implementation. She believes that the right decisions can be made only through scrutiny and analysis. Each time she needs to make a decision, she weighs all options before taking action. Which of the following is a characteristic of Sinclair's personality type according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification? A) intuitive B) introverted C) thinking D) feeling E) perceiving

Q: Elaine Chamberlain works as a research executive at an environmental organization. Though her colleagues are helpful and friendly, because of her shy nature, she often eats her lunch at her desk and has limited interactions with them. She is glad that her nature of work does not require her to interact with her co-workers to a high extent. Which of the following types is Chamberlain most likely to be characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification? A) social B) introverted C) exhibitionist D) gregarious E) extraverted

Q: Ellen Athers works as a communication executive at a travel house. She is known to be friendly with her colleagues and interacts with them regularly to build strong work relationships. She knows that her rapport with her co-workers is a crucial part of her work and invests time in these relationships. In addition, she is assertive in making decisions, and colleagues take her decisions seriously. Which of the following types is Athers most likely to be characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification? A) perceiving B) brooder C) extraverted D) introverted E) solitary

Q: Which of the following are characteristics of the intuitive type of people according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification? A) prefer routine and order and focus on details B) outgoing, sociable, and assertive in nature C) rely on unconscious processes and look at the overall picture D) use reason, rationality, and logic to handle problems and situations E) rely on their personal values and emotions to make decisions

Q: According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the judging type ________. A) are quiet, shy and introverted B) rely on unconscious processes C) prefer their world to be ordered D) are flexible and spontaneous E) rely on personal values and emotions

Q: According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are flexible and spontaneous. A) thinking B) judging C) introverted D) sensing E) perceiving

Q: According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are practical and prefer routine and order and focus on details. A) sensing B) extraverted C) feeling D) perceiving E) intuitive

Q: The ________ is a personality assessment consisting of 100 questions where respondents are classified as extraverted or introverted, sensing or intuitive, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving. A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator B) Birkman Method C) Karolinska Scales of Personality D) Keirsey Temperament Sorter E) Taylor-Johnson Temperament Analysis

Q: Which of the following does the heredity approach state? A) An individual's personality is determined by the social background one is brought up in. B) An individual's personality is determined by molecular structure of the genes. C) An individual's personality is influenced by the economic settings he/she is surrounded by. D) A person's personality traits are created by the company he/she keeps i.e., his/her friends and family. E) A person's personality traits are largely influenced by global trends and characteristics.

Q: Which of the following statements is true about personality? A) Personality is free from the influence of the environment. B) Personality remains constant over time. C) Personality can be measured solely through personal interviews. D) Personality is influenced by hereditary factors. E) Parents highly influence the development of their offspring's personality.

Q: Which of the following terms refers to factors such as one's biological, physiological, and inherent psychological makeup determined at conception? A) social identity B) heredity C) behavioral contagion D) self-concordance E) social loafing

Q: Tracy Winter works at a publishing firm in London and recently received an e-mail from the human resource department of her company asking her to study the behavior of a colleague, Cindy Camp, including her attention toward her work, without Camp's knowledge. Winter now needs to scrutinize Camp's behavior and notice if she is free from distractions and pays sufficient attention to her tasks. Which of the following is Winter conducting? A) observer-ratings survey B) informational interview C) knowledge survey D) participant observation E) focus group survey

Q: In ________, a co-worker or another observer does an independent assessment of personality, with or without the subject's knowledge. A) observer-ratings surveys B) paid surveys C) knowledge surveys D) deviation surveys E) cadastral surveys

Q: Which of the following is a drawback of self-report surveys? A) They can hold only a limited number of questions. B) They involve a large number of people in the evaluation process. C) They may have biased results if the surveyor's judgment is biased. D) They comprise a large number of complex statistical data. E) They may result in the respondent lying to create a good impression.

Q: Which of the following is the most common means of measuring personality? A) in-depth interviews B) self-report surveys C) career portfolio D) reference interviews E) stress interviews

Q: Esther Lugo has gone for an interview at an advertising firm in Manhattan and has been asked to complete a self-report survey to help interviewers understand if she is the right candidate for the job. From the interview, they have found that she is extroverted, empathic, scrupulous, and cooperative in nature, which are key characteristics needed for the job. These characteristics about Lugo indicate her ________. A) talent B) skill C) knowledge D) genealogy E) personality

Q: ________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. A) Talent B) Skill C) Knowledge D) Heredity E) Personality

Q: Who defined personality as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment? A) Leon Festinger B) Dr. Sigmund Freud C) Gordon Allport D) Abraham Maslow E) Ivan Pavlov

Q: According to Gordon Allport, ________ is defined as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment. A) cognitive dissonance B) heredity C) personality D) descent E) genealogy

Q: How can managers influence moods? Explain.

Q: Discuss the emotional labor experienced by a customer service executive. Explain how a worker's emotional state can affect customer service and customers.

Q: What is emotional intelligence? Briefly explain the arguments for and against emotional intelligence.

Q: Elvira wants to hire three new customer service representatives. She is considering using a measure of EI to help select her new employees. Explain what EI is and how it could be useful to Elvira for the job that she's hiring for. Include the reasons why she should not depend entirely on the EI measures for her selection.

Q: Zach is a pharmaceutical sales representative and must put on a smile every day at work with his clients. Discuss the emotional labor exerted by Zach. Explain the significance of the emotional intelligence demanded of Zach in order to be successful, and describe how he applies his emotions and moods in his job.

Q: Discuss the affective events theory.

Q: What is emotional labor? What is its relation to emotional dissonance? Explain.

Q: What is the difference between felt emotions and displayed emotions?

Q: Discuss whether there are gender differences regarding emotions.

Q: What impact do social activities have on one's moods?

Q: Explain how stress affects emotions and moods.

Q: Explain the significance of emotions.

Q: Explain how emotions and moods are different from each other.

Q: What are affect, emotions, and moods?

Q: People who have a stressful day at work also have trouble relaxing after they get off work.

Q: The expression of emotions in speeches can be a critical element that makes people accept or reject a leader's message.

Q: Depressed people are more likely than others to use heuristics, or rules of thumb, to help make good decisions quickly.

Q: People in good moods tend to be more creative than people in bad moods.

Q: The ability of people to detect and to manage emotional cues and information is known as emotional intelligence.

Q: According to the affective events theory, work events trigger positive or negative emotional reactions among employees and these reactions influence their job performance and satisfaction.

Q: Surface acting refers to trying to modify one's true inner feelings based on display rules.

Q: Surface acting deals with felt emotions rather than displayed emotions.

Q: Deep acting is hiding inner feelings and foregoing emotional expressions in response to display rules.

Q: Displayed emotions are innate and cannot be learned.

Q: As we get older, we experience fewer negative emotions.

Q: Poor or reduced sleep impairs decision making and makes it difficult to control emotions.

Q: Activities that are formal or sedentary are more strongly associated with increases in positive mood than activities that are physical, informal, or epicurean.

Q: The term affect intensity refers to the individual differences in the strength with which individuals experience their emotions.

Q: Positivity offset may be defined as the tendency of most individuals to experience a negative mood when nothing in particular is going on.

Q: Negative affect is a mood dimension consisting of nervousness, stress, and anxiety at the high end and relaxation, tranquility, and poise at the low end.

Q: Nervousness is a pure marker of low negative affect.

Q: Studying facial expressions is a good way to identify basic emotions.

Q: Emotions tend to last for several days, for a much longer time period than moods.

Q: Moods are usually accompanied by distinct facial expressions.

Q: Emotions can turn into moods when one loses focus on the event or object that started the feeling.

Q: Moods are more intense than emotions and invariably arise because of a specific event acting as a stimulus.

Q: Which of the following is an example of deviant workplace behavior? A) sabotaging one's organization's computers B) taking blame for not achieving a deadline C) putting forward one's views in a brainstorming session D) working during the weekend to make up for backlog E) requesting a two-day leave during the Christmas season

Q: Jonathan Cowan is upset because he was passed over for a promotion he had really worked hard for. In response to his anger toward the manager and the company, he has started gossiping about the manager with his colleagues and assigning blame on him unnecessarily. Jonathan's behavior is an example of ________. A) deviant workplace behavior B) distinction bias C) cognitive dissonance D) positivity offset E) emotional dissonance

Q: People often behave in ways that violate established norms and threaten the organization, its members, or both. Such actions are called ________. A) workplace deviant behaviors B) social alienation behaviors C) role engulfment D) behavioral contagion E) behavioral modernity

Q: As part of their sales training, the staff at Penny Stores is encouraged to build personal relationships with the store's patrons. Apart from receiving product training, the staff is taught to follow a scripted sales process wherein they must greet the customers, introduce themselves, and enquire about their purchase. They are also encouraged to engage in casual conversation with the customer. In a recent survey conducted by the marketing department, it was revealed that customers were dissatisfied with the level of service at Penny Stores. Which of the following, if true, best explains this situation? A) Customers come to Penny Stores to make high-involvement purchases. B) Customers associate superior service with efficiency and not friendliness. C) Penny Stores offer an extensive range of consumer products. D) The training period for the staff is three weeks long. E) The staff at Penny Stores is friendly but not familiar.

Q: Green Earth, an environmental organization in Oklahoma, recently recruited Phyllis Galvan as a project coordinator. Galvan's manager has noticed that ever since she has joined, she has been extremely positive about her work and takes up challenges without complaining. In addition, she maintains a positive ambience by helping out colleagues and smiling at everyone she interacts with. Her behavior has had a positive effect on her colleagues, who have started behaving in a similar manner. Which of the following concepts is demonstrated in this example? A) emotional dissonance B) Ben Franklin effect C) unit bias D) anchoring effect E) emotional contagion