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Special Education
Q:
The first formal description of ADHD was reported by a British physician named Dr. George Still in:
A. 1892
B. 1902
C. 1942
D. 1962
Q:
An audiologist looks at qualitative attributes such as bilateral versus unilateral hearing loss, high-frequency versus low-frequency hearing loss, and flat versus sloping and stable versus fluctuating hearing loss to determine the:
A. Degree of hearing loss
B. Type of hearing loss
C. Nature of hearing loss
D. Configuration of hearing loss
Q:
If ADHD is significant, a student may qualify for services as other health impaired (OHI). Other students with ADHD are served through:
A. IDEA
B. ADA
C. Section 504
D. PL 94-142
Q:
Research indicates that children who are deaf:
A. with parents who are deaf develop ASL skills at a higher rate than the spoken English skills of same-age hearing peers
B. with parents who are deaf develop ASL skills at a similar rate as the spoken English skills of same-age hearing peers
C. with parents who are deaf develop ASL skills at a slower rate than the spoken English skills of same-age hearing peers
D. with parents who are hearing develop ASL skills at a similar rate as the spoken English skills of same-age hearing peers
Q:
Why do parents of children with learning disabilities often have a more difficult time in accepting such a diagnosis versus parents of children with cognitive, sensory, or physical disabilities? How can professionals decrease some of the anxiety that parents of children with learning disabilities feel upon learning of the disability?
Q:
The quantity and quality of direct and vicarious experience can be referred to as:
A. Experiential learning
B. Communication learning
C. Direct learning
D. Environmental learning
Q:
What are two instructional methods that have been found to be beneficial for students with learning disabilities? Explain why these instructional methods are considered so effective.
Q:
The majority of students who are deaf or hard of hearing:
A. Perform on grade level
B. Demonstrate high levels of motivation
C. Struggle to become fluent readers
D. Perform below grade level
Q:
The current criteria for identifying students with learning disabilities have been a source of great scrutiny. Individuals who oppose the current criteria have recommended an alternative. Describe each and tell which method you feel is most appropriate for accurately identifying students with learning disabilities (and why).
Q:
Another name for an ear infection is:
A. Congenital hearing loss
B. Otitis media
C. Bacterial meningitis
D. None of the above
Q:
The two definitions of learning disabilities most often used are the federal definition included in IDEA and the definition proposed by the NJCLD. Compare and contrast the two definitions and explain which definition you feel is the most accurate in depicting the category of learning disabilities (and why).
Q:
What percent of students who are deaf or hard of hearing have hearing parents?
A. 95
B. 75
C. 50
D. 20
Q:
How did the field of learning disabilities become a recognized category in special education?
Q:
The quantity and quality of sound that individuals with a hearing loss are able to process that affects their ability to understand and produce spoken language is:
A. The degree of hearing loss
B. The cause of hearing loss
C. The type of hearing loss
D. The nature of hearing loss
Q:
What is strategy instruction?
Q:
An individual who experiences hearing loss from day to day due to periodic ear infections or earwax buildup is experiencing what type of hearing loss?
A. Sensorineural
B. Conductive
C. Fluctuating
D. Unilateral
Q:
How are inclusive practices defined? List both a positive and negative outcome mentioned in the text in regard to the effects of inclusion on students with learning disabilities.
Q:
When a problem occurs in the inner ear or along the nerve pathway to the brain stem, what type of hearing loss occurs?
A. Unilateral
B. Sensorineural
C. Mixed
D. Conductive
Q:
Students with learning disabilities often experience great difficulty in reading. What are the various types of problems that these students may experience in the area of reading?
Q:
Sara has recently been diagnosed with a conductive hearing loss. Each of the following are options for improving her hearing EXCEPT:
A. Surgery
B. Medication
C. Amplification
D. Cochlear implant
Q:
Briefly describe 3 cognitive characteristics of students with learning disabilities.
Q:
The name of the three small bones in the middle ear that vibrate to amplify sound and send it into the middle ear is the:
A. Ossicles
B. Stapes
C. Semicircular canals
D. Cochlea
Q:
What is Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) and how does it affect students with learning disabilities?
Q:
The fluid-filled hearing organ that contains thousands of tiny cells with hair-like projections is the:
A. Eardrum
B. Ear canal
C. Cochlea
D. Tympanic membrane
Q:
Most states require at least some _________________________________ procedures to be followed, even when an RTI system is in place
Q:
Most education professionals are less interested in whether a hearing loss is congenital or acquired than they are in:
A. Whether a student's hearing is congenital or acquired
B. Whether a student's parents were hearing or deaf
C. Whether a student's hearing loss was prelingual or postlingual
D. Whether a student will be oral or use sign as his or her primary mode of communication
Q:
__________ percent of school-age students with learning disabilities receive their education in a typical public school setting
Q:
A hearing loss present at birth is:
A. Congenital.
B. Acquired.
C. Prelingual.
D. Postlingual.
Q:
Motivation is the desire to engage in an activity. This desire can be _____________________- (e.g., out of curiosity, as when you complete a crossword puzzle simply to see if you can) or _____________________ (e.g., for payment, as when you agree to help a neighbor with chores to earn money for a planned vacation).
Q:
ASL stands for:
A. Approximate Sign Language
B. Approximate Signal Language
C. American Sign Language
D. American Signal Language
Q:
The number of students ages six to eleven identified as SLD has ________________ slightly more than 20 percent since 2002
Q:
Which term refers to members of the Deaf community who embrace being deaf and using ASL as a primary means of communicating?
A. Deaf pride
B. Deaf culture
C. Deaf association
D. Deaf society
Q:
Federal law uses the term ________________________________, but some states and many authors use the simpler term learning disability.
Q:
In the late nineteenth century, students who were deaf or hard of hearing were educated in residential schools. During this time period, which of the following statements accurately depicts the attitude toward deafness and communication?
A. Students were encouraged to sign and received intense training to improve signing skills.
B. Students who signed were made to sit on their hands because cued speech was the preferred method of communicating.
C. Students who signed were prohibited from doing so because the oral approach was the preferred method of communication.
D. Students were encouraged to use both sign language and the oral approach because this increased their vocabulary and conversational skills.
Q:
Mr. File teaches history. His teaching style is to lecture to his students and require them to write notes and important dates to study for the chapter tests. A suggestion for Mr. File to differentiate his instructional process would be to:
A. Have the students read the chapter on their own.
B. Provide visual or graphic organizers to accompany the lectures.
C. Tape record the lectures for students to listen to later.
D. Continue with the lectures, there is nothing wrong with this teaching style.
Q:
The first school of the deaf in the United States was founded by:
A. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
B. A.G. Bell
C. Laurent Clerc
D. Ben Franklin
Q:
Mrs. Farlow wrote the following information on the board for her students prior to reading a passage on Anne Frank:Read the title and the questions.Underline the key word in the questions.Number the paragraphs.Now read the passage.Examine key words/phrases in passage.Read the questions again.Select the correct answer.This is an example of:A. Strategy instructionB. Direct instructionC. Memory instructionD. Guided notes
Q:
What do you think are the pros and cons of identifying children with ASD at a very young age?
Q:
Mary is about to graduate from high school. As she completes college applications, she clearly states that she has been identified as learning disabled in the area of written language and reading. By acknowledging that she is learning disabled and reporting this information, Mary demonstrated:
A. Motivation
B. Self-advocacy
C. Internal locus of control
D. Learned helplessness
Q:
Environmental, instructional, and social support are the three categories discussed in the recommended educational practices or students with autism spectrum disorder. Choose one of these supports and provide the following information:
a. a description
b. examples
c. how the implementation of these supports will benefit students with ASD
Q:
Students' knowledge and skills to understand their strengths and weaknesses and to use that knowledge to set and pursue goals is:A. Self-advocacyB. Self-knowledgeC. Self-determinationD. Self-esteem
Q:
Describe the purpose and list the components of the Autism Inclusion Collaboration Model.
Q:
Educators must understand research-based interventions and strategies for data collection related to screening, diagnostics, and progress monitoring in order to effectively implement:A. IDEAB. Transition planningC. RTID. Direct instruction
Q:
What are some of the characteristics that result in serious social and emotional challenges for children with autism?
Q:
Compared to parents of children with more apparent disabilities, parents of children with learning disabilities:A. Have an increased understanding of the curriculumB. Have better communication with teachersC. Are more willing to work with their childrenD. Are less satisfied with services their children receive
Q:
What is the "theory of mind" explanation of ASD?
Q:
One of the most common concerns expressed by parents of students with learning disabilities about school services is:A. It is too frequent and too negativeB. It is too infrequent and too negativeC. It is too infrequent and too positiveD. It is too frequent and too positive
Q:
In general, what is the relationship between a student with ASD and their siblings?
Q:
Direct instruction would be least appropriate for which task?A. Diagramming sentencesB. Writing a paragraphC. Comparing different Native American tribesD. Solving word math problems
Q:
What characteristics do parents usually recognize when they suspect their young child is "different"?
Q:
Techniques, principles, and rules that guide students to complete tasks independently are:A. StrategiesB. RulesC. PrinciplesD. Sequences
Q:
What are self-stimulatory behaviors?
Q:
Direct instruction is based on each of the following guiding principles EXCEPT:A. Present lessons in a well-organized, sequenced mannerB. Begin lessons with a short review of previously learned skills necessary to begin the lessonC. Present new material in fairly large chunks to keep it interesting, without too much practice and demonstration after each stepD. Ask questions to check students' understanding, and obtain responses from everyone
Q:
What are the causes of autism spectrum disorder?
Q:
Model practices for transition for students with learning disabilities in one high school were found to include each of the following features EXCEPT:A. Inclusion of career awareness and exploration activities beginning in the freshman year and continuing through high schoolB. Increasing focus on academic skills from elementary to high school yearsC. Instruction related to skills needed for successful transition, including problem solving, organization, self-advocacy, and communicationD. Transition-planning activities for school professionals and community members regarding the next steps that might be needed to improve activities and services
Q:
What is the broad difference between the federal definition of autism and the definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders?
Q:
A setting where the academic instruction is delivered by a special education teacher 60 percent of the student's day is a/an:A. Inclusive classroomB. Mainstreamed classroomC. Resource classroomD. Self-contained classroom
Q:
Just as for other disability areas, concern exists in the field of autism spectrum disorder to find effective and _______________________________ approaches for teaching students.
Q:
Programs for young children with developmental delays usually address:A. Early signs of reading difficultyB. Areas indirectly related to learning disabilitiesC. Unusual behavior and attention problemsD. Obvious signs of problems with social competence
Q:
_________________________________ is a place students can go when they are beginning to feel anxious or upset and need to calm themselves.
Q:
Students are typically NOT identified as learning disabled at which level?A. PreschoolB. Elementary ageC. Middle school ageD. High school (teenagers)
Q:
For successful inclusion, educators and parents must work together in a strong partnership to ensure that a comprehensive program is implemented for the student with an autism spectrum disorder and that the skills the student learns at school are generalized at home and in the community in a process called ____________________________________________.
Q:
Each of the following helps illustrate how distinct RTI is from traditional assessment and identification procedures for LD EXCEPT:A. It replaces the ability"achievement discrepancy criteria with a simple direct assessment of the extent of a student's underachievementB. It removes the provision that inadequate instruction, emotional disturbance, and cultural or social issues make a student ineligible for services as learning disabled.C.It requires measures of a student's achievement on well-designed early instructional interventions as part of the assessment processD. It compares student's scores on an intelligence test with achievement measures
Q:
Because autism spectrum disorder is considered a ___________________________________, comprehensive assessment also must include asking parents about fine- and gross-motor skill development, language development, and other areas.
Q:
A common approach for determining a student's eligibility for learning disabilities is which of the following?A. Compare student's scores on an intelligence test and a curriculum-based measure.B. Compare student's scores on a norm-referenced achievement test and a criterion- referenced achievement test.C. Compare student's scores on an intelligence test with achievement measures.D. Compare student's scores on an intelligence test with teacher observations and the student's portfolio.
Q:
____________________________ is the ability to easily remember things without necessarily knowing what they mean.
Q:
Each of the following represents questions to determine if a student meets the eligibility criteria for having a learning disability EXCEPT:A. Is the student's individual intelligence score in the normal range?B. Does a significant gap exist between the student's ability and academic achievement?C. Is the learning problem the result of a disorder in an area of basic psychological processing involved in understanding language?D. Can other possible causes of the learning problem be eliminated
Q:
Lauren is a student in your class who has autism. During group activities or unstructured time, Lauren becomes very antagonistic with her peers and teacher. What would be a good course of action to help Lauren with this behavior?
A. Remove Lauren from the classroom during these times.
B. Use social stories to help her learn ways to concentrate in noisy environments.
C. Use mnemonic strategies to help her control her behavior.
D. Discuss Lauren's behavior with her and set up a plan for consequences when the behavior occurs.
Q:
Which of the following is a purposeful collection of a student's work that demonstrates the quality and progress of learning?A. Curriculum-based measurementsB. ObservationsC. Norm-referenced testingD. Portfolio assessment
Q:
A 14-year-old boy with autism would be LEAST likely to have which of the following components in his curriculum?
A. Functional academics on how to read bus schedules
B. Social-skills training in how to join a conversation
C. Reading instruction in a second grade text
D. Career interest development
Q:
When students' test results must meet an absolute standard, they are taking which type of test?A. Criterion-referencedB. Curriculum-based measureC. Norm-referenced testD. Informal assessment
Q:
Describe 4 of the cognitive characteristics discussed in this text of students identified as gifted and talented.
Q:
Joslyn has severe autism and exhibits several repetitive self-injurious behaviors. To address these behaviors, Joslyn's parents and teachers are engaging in a functional behavioral assessment. Which of the following is an intended outcome of this assessment process?
A. To determine if Joslyn qualifies for special education with the label of autism.
B. To determine the purpose of Joslyn's self-injurious behaviors.
C. To develop a system of punishing Joslyn when she exhibits such behaviors.
D. To increase Joslyn's academic skills so the negative behaviors will subside.
Q:
When students' test results are compared to a large number of other students, they are taking which type of test?
A. Criterion-referenced test
B. Curriculum-based measure
C. Norm-referenced test
D. Formal assessment
Q:
Technology-based options are becoming more popular for students' participation in acceleration. What might be the advantages of this option for students with special gifts and talents? What are two examples of ways you could use technology in your profession to benefit children who are gifted and talented?
Q:
Resources often are allocated to study a disorder and to provide innovative treatments based on:
A. Prevalence
B. Visibility
C. Severity
D. Type
Q:
Brian asks for help from others on math word problems prior to even reading the problem. This is an example of:
A. Syntax deficiencies
B. Lack of motivation
C. Learned helplessness
D. Attention deficit disorder
Q:
Curriculum compacting, acceleration, enrichment, and differentiation are some of the research-based practices that are recommended for gifted students. Discuss two of the strategies that you feel would be the most effective in meeting the needs of gifted learners.
Q:
In terms of identifying children with autism spectrum disorder, why is it imperative that better assessment procedures be identified for use with young children?A. To help parents cope and understand why their baby is "different"B. So pediatricians will not dismiss parents' concernsC. The most positive outcomes tend to accrue to children who begin interventions at an early ageD. So schools can screen out children who will need specialized placement at an earlier age
Q:
Emily listened as her friends discussed their summer plans. She happily commented that she got a new pair of roller skates yesterday. Emily demonstrated a lack of:
A. Social competence
B. Auditory processing
C. Locus of control
D. Behavioral and emotional sensitivity