Q&A Hero

Q: DRI reinforces a behavior that is inconsequential to the target behavior.

Q: ______________ are useful primarily for analysis, not for evaluation. a. Event recording b. Permanent product recording c. Anecdotal reports d. Latency recording

Q: Discuss the benefits of graphing data when communicating with other teachers, parents and students.

Q: DRO reinforces the opposite of the target behavior.

Q: __________ produces a written description of nearly everything that occurred in a specific time period or setting.a. Latency recordingb. Anecdotal reportsc. Event recordingd. Permanent product recording

Q: A histogram is a form of:a. line graphb. cumulative graphc. bar graphd. none of the above

Q: A DRL procedure reinforces a lower rate of the target/inappropriate behavior.

Q: The __________ of behavior describes where it occurs. a. Force b. Locus c. Latency d. Topography

Q: A kindergarten teacher wants to collect data on a new behavior modification program to reduce out-of-seat behavior throughout the school day for three students in her class. Which data collection system would you recommend she use and why? Contrast the benefits of the system you recommended against two other systems of data collection.

Q: Discuss some advantages and disadvantages to using negative reinforcement.

Q: The _________ of behavior is its intensity. a. Rate b. Locus c. Latency d. Force

Q: Interobserver agreement provides a measurement of reliability in the recording of data being collected. Discuss the biases that can affect interobserver agreement.

Q: What are the basic rules for the use of reinforcers in contracting?

Q: ______________ describes a behavior's complexity or its motor components. a. Latency b. Locus c. Topography d. Force

Q: You are a lead teacher and several of the teachers you supervise have concerns about the frequency with which they should collect student data. Discuss how often data should be collected and what patterns, if any, the teachers should look for in the data?

Q: What are the steps a teacher needs to follow in developing and implementing a tokenreinforcement system in his class?

Q: "When the bell rang, it took Blake 11 minutes to get to his next class" is an example of what behavioral dimension?a. Durationb. Frequencyc. Latencyd. Rate

Q: Compare and contrast duration and latency data collection methods. Provide an example using both systems of data collection include an example of a data sheet with key components.

Q: Discuss some of the limitations to using activity reinforcers.

Q: The behavioral dimension determined when you measure the length of time between instructions to perform it and the occurrence of the behavior is known as:a. Latencya. Durationc. Frequencyd. Rate

Q: You are the supervisor to the special education teachers in your school district. Most of your teachers either do not collect data or do so inaccurately. Describe how you would prepare your teachers to regularly collect accurate data on the students they serve. Discuss the rationale you would provide to teachers.

Q: Describe the difference between a token system and a levels system.

Q: _______________ is important when we are concerned not with the number of times a student engages in it, but how long.a. Durationb. Latencyc. Rated. Topography

Q: Write a behavioral objective including the four components of a behavioral objective. Describe the importance of each component in writing an effective objective.

Q: Define negative reinforcement and explain why it works.

Q: __________ is a measurement of how long a student engages in a behavior. a. Duration b. Latency c. Frequency d. Locus

Q: Describe the importance of operationally defining the target behavior. Write an operational definition for off-task behavior.

Q: Describe 2 problems associated with the use of a CRF schedule.

Q: ____________ is calculated by dividing the number of times a behavior occurred by the length of the observation period.a. Frequencyb. Latencyc. Durationd. Rate

Q: Compare and contrast Bloom's taxonomy with the four levels of learning (acquisition, fluency, maintenance, generalization).

Q: Describe 3 ways to prevent reinforcer satiation.

Q: When determining ________ of a behavior, we count the number of times the behavior occurs within an observation period.a. Frequencyb. Ratec. Latencyd. Duration

Q: Agree or disagree with the following statement, "Carr (1996) suggested that we modify our language even more drastically when addressing the general public, including parents and educators who are not behavior analysis" (p. 388). Provide examples to support your viewpoint.

Q: A student who is at the maintenance level of a new skill should be on a ______ schedule of reinforcement. a. continuous b. intermittent c. natural reinforcement d. none of the above

Q: "Brooke was out of her seat for 16 minutes during lunch period" is an example of what behavioral dimension? a. Latency b. Frequency c. Duration d. Rate

Q: For students with disabilities, IDEA requires that students receive services in the least restrictive environment (LRE). What is meant by least restrictive environment? Explain how LRE fits into a therapeutic environment.

Q: Paige is learning her multiplication facts. During instruction her teacher reinforces an average of every third correct response. Paige is on a ________ schedule of reinforcement.a. FI3b. FR3c. VI3d. VR3

Q: "Linda typed an average of 55 words per minute" is an example of what behavioral dimension? a. Frequency b. Rate c. Latency d. Locus

Q: Differentiate between informed consent and voluntary consent

Q: For every third response correct, Scott received reinforcement. What schedule of reinforcement was Scott on? a. FI3 b. FR3 c. VI3 d. VR3

Q: The data collection technique which notes every time a behavior occurs within an observation period is: a. event recording b. interval recording c. time sampling d. permanent product recording

Q: Discuss the possible conflict(s) between the philosophy of full inclusion and the ethical use of applied behavior analysis procedures.

Q: Thinning a schedule of reinforcement should result in all of the following EXCEPT: a. lower, more variable levels of responding b. decreasing expectation of reinforcement c. removal of teacher as a necessary behavior monitor d. maintenance of the behavior over longer periods of time

Q: At the end of each play period, Mr. Carey counted the number of toys that Mary, Louise, and Anita did not put back on the shelves. He was using:a. event recordingb. interval recordingc. time samplingd. permanent product recording

Q: List and discuss the contributions put forth by three behaviorists and explain how their contributions furthered the field of behaviorism.

Q: Joe was on a CRF schedule to reinforce the behavior of raising his hand before speaking out. His teacher decided she needed to thin his schedule of reinforcement from a CRF to VI 10 schedule. Joe's use of handing raising decreased and he began to call out without raising his hand. The behavioral principle which explains this situation is __________.a. ratio strainb. thinningc. Premack Principled. pairing

Q: Mrs. Golden wanted to collect baseline data on how often Lauren speaks to her neighbor during silent reading. She divided the 15 minutes into equal 30 second intervals and made a notation of Lauren's talking during each. The method of data collection she used was:a. event recordingb. time samplingc. interval recordingd. anecdotal recording

Q: Define and differentiate between positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment. Give an example of each.

Q: After lunch Mrs. Davis began to work with Marquis on acquisition of his sight words. Marquis was reinforced on a CRF schedule with primary reinforcers (popcorn). However, Mrs. Davis notices that the popcorn was not serving as a reinforcer. What behavioral term describes the phenomenon that Mrs. Davis was observing?a. deprivationb. satiationc. pairingd. reinforcer sampling

Q: Jessie is learning traffic signs in driver's education. His teacher holds up the sign and immediately records if Jessie names it correctly. This type of data collection is known as:a. event recordingb. time samplingc. latency recordingd. permanent product recording

Q: Based on the criteria set forth by the usefulness explanation of human behavior (inclusiveness, verifiability, predictive utility, and parsimony) compare and contrast behaviorism with one of the following proposed explanations of human behavior: biophysical, developmental, or cognitive.

Q: A discriminative stimulus is represented by the symbol: a. SR+ b. SR- c. SD d. none of the above

Q: Mr. Garcia checked at five-minute intervals to see if Jane was playing appropriately in a small group. He was using:a. interval recordingb. time samplingc. event recordingd. duration recording

Q: As a behaviorist working in a school of teachers who believe very strongly in developmental theory, how would you convince them that a behavioral approach may be more appropriate for some of their students?

Q: Negative reinforcement is abbreviated as: a. SR2 b. SR- c. NR d. NR-

Q: A teacher giving a written test is using: a. written data recording b. interval recording c. permanent product recording d. anecdotal recording

Q: Discuss how Skinner's distinguishing of operant from respondent conditioning impacted the study of applied behavior analysis.

Q: The schedule of reinforcement that is least resistant to extinction is: a. CRF b. FI c. VR d. VRD

Q: To provide the broadest possible description of events occurring within a time period one would use: a. anecdotal recording b. observational recording c. permanent product recording d. topography recording

Q: _________ conditioning deals with behaviors that are voluntary rather than reflexive.a. Operantb. Respondentc. Reflexived. Overactive

Q: Each time George puts a quarter in the gumball machine, he receives a gumball. George is on what schedule of reinforcement?a. CRFb. FIc. VRd. VRD

Q: Duration data are collected:a. from the time the teacher gives a performance direction until the student begins to perform the responseb. from the time the student begins the response until he or she completes the responsec. from the time the teacher gives a performance direction until the student completes the responsed. none of the above

Q: Select one behavior concept discussed during this course, discuss the concept and provide an example of the concept in the classroom setting.

Q: Which of the following IS a characteristic of a FR schedule of reinforcement? a. The length of intervals affects the rate of responding b. As the schedule ratio increases, the student will often stop responding for a period of time following delivery of the reinforcer. c. Behaviors occur at a relatively low rate d. All of the above

Q: When using time sampling the teacher notes occurrence or nonoccurrence of the behavior: a. any time during the interval b. at the end of the interval c. each time the behavior occurs within the interval d. any of the above

Q: Your principal has asked you to develop a list of school rules for your school. Discuss considerations one must take into account when developing rules and create a list of school wide rules based on those considerations.

Q: Continuous reinforcement schedules are most useful during which phase of learning? a. Acquisition b. Fluency c. Generalization d. All of the above

Q: When using time sampling, the data collector records behavioral occurrence only if it occurs at the end of an interval.

Q: You are a veteran teacher who has been assigned to mentor a first year teacher at your school. The teacher has novel ideas concern the set up the classroom. Explain to her the importance of classroom structure in establishing and maintaining stimulus control. Discuss the importance of physical arrangement, time structure, and verbal structure.

Q: The schedule of reinforcement having a one-to-one ratio is: a. Intermittent b. Variable c. Interval d. Continuous

Q: Recording ongoing behaviors that may continue for several intervals is known as whole-interval recording.

Q: List the four arrangement considerations for the physical arrangement of the classroom.

Q: The reinforcement delivery system that enables teachers to tailor the system based on the unique characteristics of students in a classroom is:a. Independent group-orientedb. Dependent group-orientedc. Interdependent group-orientedd. None of the above

Q: A ringing telephone is an example of an antecedent stimulus.

Q: List and briefly describe the components of rules that will assist in facilitating their effectiveness.

Q: Effective use of teacher praise requires that: a. praise be delivered contingent on performance of the target behavior b. praise should specify the behavior being reinforced c. praise should be sincere with the teacher varying tone and content d. all of the above

Q: Anecdotal reports are written to provide as complete a description of a student's behavior in a particular setting or during an instructional period

Q: Differentiate between rules and procedures. Provide an example of each.

Q: Reinforcers that are exchangeable for some reinforcer of value to students is known as: a. Activity reinforcers b. Proprioceptive reinforcers c. Token reinforcers d. Tactile reinforcers

Q: Anecdotal reports can enable teachers to determine what factors in the classroom are occasioning or maintaining appropriate and inappropriate behaviors.