Q&A Hero

Q: Saint-Jacques argues that governments must ________. a. establish clear policies to preserve multiculturalism b. treat people as individuals rather than groups c. encourage citizens to assimilate to the cultures of immigrants d. discourage widespread assimilation in order to preserve cultural diversity

Q: Which of the following options influenced the geopolitical reality of the United States and served to create the current hierarchy between dominant and nondominant people? a. the takeover of land due to Manifest Destiny b. the missionary efforts to Americanize indigenous peoples c. the enslavement of Africans d. A, B, and C are correct.

Q: Which statement below about multiculturalism in the United States and Canada is true? a. Despite multiculturalist efforts, assimilation is occurring as it always has. b. Despite multiculturalist efforts, immigration rates are falling. c. Due to multiculturalist efforts, immigrants are choosing to completely sever ties with their home countries. d. Due to multiculturalism efforts, assimilation is no longer happening as extensively among immigrant groups.

Q: Folb argues that nondominant groups are both ________ and ________. a. invisible; caste marked b. oppressed; privileged c. powerful; marginalized d. ethnocentric; culturally aware

Q: Canadian multiculturalism has been idealized as a ________. a. melting pot b. cultural mosaic c. garden d. loving family

Q: According to Folb, each individual below is part of a nondominant group EXCEPT__________. a. an elderly man in a wheelchair b. an African American woman c. a Native American student d. a young white man

Q: Canadian author Bissondath worries that the Canadian approach to multiculturalism is leading to ________. a. reverse discrimination b. an increased need for affirmative action policies d. overassimilation b. Multiculturalism is divisive. c. Multiculturalism is decorative. d. Multiculturalism is regressive.

Q: Cultures are passed on by ________. a. asking each new generation to adhere to current norms b. genetic transfer from generation to generation c. indoctrinating each new generation d. nondominant individuals seeking to maintain the status quo

Q: Unlike the United States, Canada ________. a. has done little to try and preserve multiculturalism b. has an official multiculturalism policy c. enforces assimilation among immigrant groups d. succeeds in preserving multiculturalism while increasing national unity

Q: Communication that takes place between people who are members of the same dominant culture but have different values is known as ________ communication. a. intercultural b. intracultural c. hierarchical d. nondominant

Q: Saint-Jacques explains the arguments of authors Miller and Schmidt, who posit that ________ is beneficial for the United States. a. multiculturalism b. increased acceptance c. bilingualism d. assimilation

Q: How do time and space function in Maasai culture?

Q: Who was the first serious opponent to the idea of the American melting pot? a. Miller b. Schmidt c. Kallen d. Kymlicka

Q: Explain how metaphors and proverbs are important for Maasai communication.

Q: What is the main goal of multicultural education? a. to foster intercultural sensitivity in students b. to help students from diverse backgrounds assimilate c. to merge disparate cultures into a third culture among students d. to eliminate cultural differences between students

Q: List the six primary values of the Maasai outlined in this article and provide a brief description of how each value has affected Maasai culture.

Q: Courses on multiculturalism that aim to make the educational system more suited to minority groups ________. a. have resoundingly succeeded in making the content objective b. fail to depict Western cultures in an appropriately negative light c. tend to inappropriately equate culture with race or skin color d. recognize the complexity of an individuals relationship with culture in a globalizing world

Q: What three occurrences have most greatly influenced the Maasai perceptions of themselves? Explain each occurrence and its effect on Maasai perceptions.

Q: The United States and Canada provide interesting insight on multiculturalism because they are both countries that ________. a. have official political stances on multiculturalism b. have only unofficial policies on multiculturalism c. have succeeded in achieving true multiculturalism d. have been developed largely by immigration

Q: What misunderstandings are likely to occur in Russian-Western business dealings because of cultural attitudes?

Q: Which demographic group has been immigrating to Canada heavily in recent years? a. wealthy Chinese b. educated Brazilians c. impoverished Armenians d. persecuted indigenous groups

Q: Differentiate between the politeness rules for Westerners and Russians.

Q: Which person below does Kim refer to as an illustration of cross-cultural adaptation? a. Orhan Pamuk b. Glenn Loury c. Mueno Yoshikawa d. A, B, and C are correct.

Q: What differences does Bergelson note between traditional Russians and Soviet-era Russians?

Q: Research has demonstrated that immigrants who feel more stress initially _______. a. become better adapted to the host culture b. become less adapted to the host culture c. typically dont try to adapt to the host culture d. never fully adapt to the host culture

Q: How might the cultural values of emotionality, judgmental attitudes, fatalism, and irrationality interfere with communication between Westerners and Russians?

Q: What are the elements that comprise the process of adapting to a new culture? a. adaptation, growth, confidence b. anxiety, stress, excitement c. relaxation, adaptation, growth d. stress, adaptation, growth

Q: Explain the importance of Arabic to Egyptian culture.

Q: The process of unlearning some of ones old cultural ways is known as ________. a. dissimilation b. deculturation c. dynamism d. differentiation

Q: Explain how the Egyptian values of tradition, relationships, and hierarchy affect Egyptian culture.

Q: According to Kim, cross-cultural adaption cannot take place without ________. a. communication b. conscious reflection c. optimal conditions d. eliminating stress

Q: How are religion and politics connected in Egypt? Provide details and examples to demonstrate your understanding.

Q: What are the four principles for a universal code of ethics in intercultural communication, according to Kale?

Q: What are the five primary instructions for behavior outlined by Islam?

Q: What does Kale think should be the basis of a universal code of ethics? Why?

Q: What are the levels of the Indian caste system? How is each persons class assigned and how does it affect his or her life?

Q: According to Kale, when is it okay for us to try and persuade another cultural group to accept our cultural values? Provide at least one example from the reading with your response.

Q: How do the concepts of Karma and Dharma influence life for Hindus?

Q: Describe the four possible solutions to problems in intercultural communication.

Q: Explain the Hindu worldview in relation to the concepts of Brahman and Atman.

Q: Describe the communicative approach to intercultural ethics, as described by Evanoff.

Q: According to Yum, how has Confucianism affected East Asian communication patterns?

Q: What are some problems with cultural relativism, and how does it differ from cultural relativity?

Q: Discuss the ways that East Asian and North American communication patterns emphasize indirectness or directness in communication.

Q: Explain the particularist approach to intercultural ethics.

Q: Describe the difference between East Asian and North American communication patterns in regards to the level of differentiation of linguistic codes. Provide specific examples to illustrate your points.

Q: Explain the universalist approach to intercultural ethics.

Q: Contrast East Asian and North American orientations to interpersonal relationships, describing three differences between the two orientations.

Q: Compare and contrast the empirical, theoretical, and normative approaches to intercultural ethics.

Q: Explain the four principles for right conduct within Confucianism.

Q: What is intercultural personhood and how and why should we strive to attain it?

Q: In the Maasai culture, land is considered ________. a. communal property b. private property c. hunting territory d. agricultural space

Q: What are the benefits of incorporating an Eastern aesthetic orientation into Western life?

Q: Which statement below best describes the Maasai attitudes about touching? a. No public touching is allowed. b. Same-sex touching is prohibited in most contexts. c. There are no prohibitions on touching in public. d. Cross-sex touching is very limited in public.

Q: How do Eastern and Western views of relationships, groups, and the self differ?

Q: Two important verbal processes for the Maasai are ________ and ________. a. indirect requests; negative politeness b. flattery; mimicry c. metaphors; proverbs d. quotation; words of endearment

Q: How do the East and West perceive time differently?

Q: What is the Maasai perception of nature? a. Nature is regarded very highly. b. Nature is an obstacle to be conquered. c. Nature is a force that approves of hunting and cultivation. d. Nature is largely ignored among the Maasai.

Q: How do Western and Eastern peoples traditionally conceptualize knowledge?

Q: Which statement below accurately describes a feature of Maasai cultural values? a. The Maasai revere children rather than elders. b. The Maasai value the individual rather than the group. c. The Maasai consider beauty to be very important. d. The Maasai value humility very highly.

Q: How do Eastern and Western peoples view the relationship of nature and humans?

Q: The Maasai ________. a. have fully embraced many Western cultural elements b. admire agricultural and hunting societies c. perceive themselves as fierce and warlike d. encourage their children to play rather than work

Q: Explain how diversity is functioning in Hawaii.

Q: Which of the following options is an example of normative Russian communicative behavior? a. starting a conversational turn with no! b. refusing to give advice when asked c. providing comprehensive information to the public d. focusing on reaching a consensus in conversations

Q: Explain how cultural diversity can lead to oppression.

Q: Russians tend to use more ________ than Americans. a. metaphors b. idioms c. taboo words d. terms of endearment

Q: Identify some of the reasons Cleveland believes the United States is moving toward pluralism.

Q: Which statement below accurately describes a Russian communication pattern? a. Russians are usually more conventionally indirect when making requests. b. Russians usually express more politeness to friends than to strangers. c. Russians usually preface corrections with positive remarks. d. Russians have few words to show warmth and closeness with friends.

Q: According to Kale, ethical communicators ________. a. encourage people of other cultures to express themselves in their uniqueness b. seek to describe the world as they perceive it as accurately as possible c. strive for identification with people of other cultures d. A, B, and C are true.

Q: Compared to their Russian counterparts, Americans emphasize more _____ politeness. a. solidarity b. deferential c. intimate d. positive

Q: When two parties consider each others goals as seriously as they consider their own, they have achieved ________. a. cultural relativity b. universal ethics c. optimal peace d. ethical communication

Q: Russians are likely to make judgments based on ________. a. morals or ethics b. appearance c. a persons past behavior d. intelligence

Q: Which type of peace is defined as the absence of conflict? a. false peace b. minimal peace c. moderate peace d. adequate peace

Q: Which cultural value below is a major feature of Russian culture? a. rationality b. impoliteness c. nonjudgment d. irrationality

Q: According to Kale, what is the concept upon which we can base a universal code of ethics? a. freedom of choice b. the human spirit c. spirituality d. the idea of right and wrong

Q: What has helped promote unity between Egypt and the rest of the Middle East? a. the Arabic language b. a love of bartering c. a strong oral, rather than written, tradition d. religion

Q: Evanoff speculates that cultural values such as self-reliance and cooperation might be integrated, but that ________ should be discarded. a. self-reliant egoism b. egotistical dialogue c. egoism and conformity d. A, B, and C are true.

Q: Who is the head of the Egyptian household? a. the oldest female b. the most educated male c. the oldest male d. the most respected male or female

Q: Which solution in intercultural communication involves one side being obliged to conform to the norms of the other side? a. avoidance b. adaptation c. confrontation d. domination

Q: Egyptian culture can best be described as ________. a. individualist b. collectivist c. egalitarian d. secular