Q&A Hero

Q: Amy is the only person in her class who is not traditionally college-aged. She is much older. She will need to be sure not to ______________ her classmates by assuming they are all the same just because they are of the same generation. a. stereotype b. marginalize c. personify d. analyze

Q: Brandon created a web-like structure to visibly explore connections between his speech subject and related ideas. Brandon is _______________. a. concept mapping b. brainstorming c. web mapping d. topic charting

Q: Travel is an example of a __________, while international travel with young children is an example of a ____________. a. subject; topic b. topic; subject c. speech goal; main point d. main point; speech goal

Q: To find out about the attitudes of your audience, what could you, as a speaker, do? a. Conduct a demographic audience analysis b. look at published opinion polls c. survey them d. All of these answer choices are correct.

Q: Survey items that encourage respondents to elaborate on their opinions without forcing them to answer in a predetermined way are called _____________ items. a. two-sided b. multi-response c. scaled-down d. open-ended

Q: A narrow aspect of a subject is called a _________________. a. topic b. subject c. specific goal d. thesis statement

Q: Before you can decide on a speech topic, you need to examine ____________. a. your topic b. your speech setting c. your audience d. your subject

Q: The range of demographic and subject-related differences represented in an audience is called ____________. a. audience analysis b. audience adaptation c. audience diversity d. subject-related information

Q: The process of tailoring your speech to your listeners unique needs, interests, and expectations is called __________. a. audience analysis b. speech setting c. audience adaptation d. presentation

Q: Erika wants to present an informative speech about lucid dreaming. Which of the following is a piece of demographic audience data? a. the audience ranges from 18-25 years old b. the majority of the audience are female c. the audience does not know anything about lucid dreaming d. All of the answer choices are correct.

Q: The statement which lays the foundation for organizing your speech is called a _____________. a. general goal b. specific goal c. potential goal d. planning goal

Q: The overall intent of a speech is known as the _______________. a. thesis statement b. speech goal c. specific goal d. general goal

Q: You want to present a persuasive speech on adopting a vegetarian lifestyle, and you are concerned that your class meets right after lunch. Your concern shows that you are trying to answer this question in analyzing the occasion. a. What are the special expectations? b. Where will be the speech be given? c. When will the speech be given? d. What is the length of time for this speech?

Q: The following are methods of data-gathering EXCEPT: a. conduct a survey b. use two-sided items c. use multiple-response items d. negative-response items

Q: Audience age, interest, attitude, and perception are all subject-related audience data. a. True b. False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Q: Multi-response items give respondents several alternative answers from which to choose. a. True b. False

Q: A good specific goal statement allows for many different ideas to be presented. a. True b. False

Q: If your goal statement includes the word "and," you do not need to narrow it down further. a. True b. False

Q: Credibility is an important factor concerning your audience's perception toward the speaker. a. True b. False

Q: Knowing the size, lighting, and seating arrangement of the venue where your speech will be delivered is important to the success of your speech. a. True b. False

Q: Two-sided, multiple-response, and scaled items are methods of gathering data for audience analysis. a. True b. False

Q: A good specific speech goal will guide you as you research your speech. a. True b. False

Q: When analyzing the occasion for the speech, you should consider what equipment is necessary and available. a. True b. False

Q: Addressing the needs and expectations of your audience is integral to the rhetorical situation. a. True b. False

Q: The cognitive process of receiving, attending to, constructing meaning from, and responding to messages is called ____________. a. hearing b. paying attention c. communicating d. listening

Q: The process of critically analyzing a message to determine its truthfulness, utility, and trustworthiness is called ____________. a. responding b. remembering c. understanding d. evaluating

Q: Which of the following does NOT constitute good note taking in a speech? a. A statement of the goal b. A list of main points c. A list of visual aids d. Summary

Q: The habitual and unconscious process of receiving messages is called ___________. a. retaining b. recoding listening c. passive listening d. active listening

Q: Altering posture, leaning forward, and establishing eye contact are all ways to ____________. a. get physically ready to listen b. adjust to the listening goals of the situation c. take good notes d. promote memorization of speech content

Q: The deliberate and conscious process of attending to, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding to messages is called ____________. a. active listening b. passive listening c. content-oriented listening d. action-oriented listening

Q: The tone of voice, facial expressions, and gestures are examples of a speaker's ___________. a. delivery aids b. nonverbal cues c. character d. nervousness

Q: __________ listeners focus on and evaluate the facts and evidence of a speech, as well as ask questions to get more information. a. people-oriented b. action-oriented c. content-oriented d. time-oriented

Q: The physiological process that occurs when the brain detects sound waves is called ____________. a. hearing b. paying attention c. communicating d. listening

Q: Which of the following is an effective comment about the structure of a speech? a. "nice transitions" b. "boring introduction" c. "I like how you gestured" d. None of these answer choices are correct.

Q: The first step to becoming a good active listener is to train ourselves to focus on, or__________ to what people are saying regardless of distractions. a. listen b. hear c. attend d. contemplate

Q: When you listen to your roommate complain about how hard his organic chemistry class is, you are engaging in___________. a. comprehensive listening b. discriminative listening c. appreciative listening d. empathic listening

Q: ____________ is a key to success in most occupations and one of the most important skills needed in the corporate environment. a. Effective speaking b. Effective hearing c. Effective listening d. Effective planning

Q: What type of listening style favors brief and hurried conversations and often uses nonverbal and verbal cues to signal that their partner needs to be more concise? a. action-oriented b. content-oriented c. people-oriented d. time-oriented

Q: The technique of associating a special word or very short statement with new and longer information is called __________. a. critical analysis b. target analysis c. mnemonic devices d. repetitive listening

Q: In a speech about hand-tossed pizza, a speaker presents a list of very detailed steps to making a pizza by hand, and follows with precise examples. If a listener gives the feedback the clarity of the steps made them easy to follow and I feel confident that I can duplicate the steps at home, he/she is making a ___________. a. content critique statement b. delivery critique statement c. statement of fact d. structure critique statement

Q: It is important to take notes of any questions you may have as you listen to a speech so that you can ________________. a. ask the questions during the question-and-answer period b. privately approach the speaker after the presentation c. do additional research about the topic later d. All of these answer choices are correct.

Q: When our goal is to understand, remember, and recall information, we engage in__________. a. comprehensive listening b. discriminative listening c. appreciative listening d. empathic listening

Q: A technique used to enhance our ability to store information in our long-term memory is called ____________. a. nonverbal cues b. repetition c. evaluation d. reframing

Q: A listener was in the process of evaluating a speech and was trying to determine facts from inferences. Inferences are ______________. a. assertions based on facts b. statements that can be verified c. essential feedback d. specific statements that help a speaker improve

Q: The critical analysis of a speech will help listeners determine if they believe what they have learned. a. True b. False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Q: Our brains can process more words per minute than people can typically produce by speaking. a. True b. False

Q: Hearing and listening are the same. a. True b. False

Q: People only remember about 50 percent of what they hear shortly after hearing it. a. True b. False

Q: Research suggests that we tend to process information in two wayspassively or activelybased on the rhetorical situation. a. True b. False

Q: Constructive critique statements should adopt a liberal use of "you" language, so the speaker knows exactly what he/she needs to improve. a. True b. False

Q: In a critical listening situation, your only goal is to listen so you can make counterarguments to the speakers claims. a. True b. False

Q: Asking yourself mental questions during a speech can distract you from learning its key aspects. a. True b. False

Q: Constructive critique feedback should be as specific as possible. a. True b. False

Q: Constructive critiques of a speech's structure focus on both macrostructure and microstructure. a. True b. False

Q: The three phases of public speaking apprehension are ____________. a. visualization, desensitization, and adaptation b. anticipation, confrontation, and adaptation c. apprehension, performance orientation, and communication orientation d. confrontation, visualization, and apprehension

Q: Using presentational aids and dressing up for your speech are two specific techniques your book gives for ______________. a. achieving your speech goal b. sharing your ideas c. reducing speech anxiety d. All of these are correct.

Q: The _________ technique can help reduce anxiety as you gradually visualize and then engage in increasingly more frightening speaking events while remaining calm. a. communication orientation motivation (COM) b. visualization c. systematic desensitization d. cognitive restructuring

Q: The approach to public speaking where speaking is viewed as an opportunity to engage in conversation with topics of importance and focuses on getting your message across is called __________. a. communication orientation b. visualization c. relaxation d. cognitive restructuring

Q: __________ people experience lower levels of public speaking apprehension. a. introverted b. secure c. alpha d. extroverted

Q: The anticipation phase is _________________. a. the surge in your anxiety as you begin your speech b. the level of anxiety during your speech c. the gradual decline of your speech anxiety about 1 minute into the speech d. the level of anxiety you experience before your speech

Q: The most common cause of public speaking apprehension is ____________. a. fear of laughter b. negative self-talk c. anxiety d. none of these are correct

Q: Observing how your friends and family members react to speaking in public is known as ____________. a. modeling b. performing c. reinforcing d. confrontation

Q: __________ helps reduce anxiety by assisting you in picturing yourself giving a masterful speech, and helps you overcome cognitive and emotional symptoms of apprehension. a. Communication orientation motivation (COM) b. Visualization c. Systematic desensitization d. Cognitive restructuring

Q: According to communication orientation motivation (COM) techniques, in performance orientation, the speaker views the audience as ____________. a. good listeners b. hypercritical judges c. inferior to the speaker's topic d. not worthy of hearing the speech

Q: The intrapersonal communication regarding perceived success or failure in a particular situation is called _________. a. self-talk b. inner-talk c. interference d. inexperience

Q: Public speaking apprehension is ______________________. a. extreme speech anxiety b. the fear experienced when anticipating or actually speaking to an audience c. not a problem for most people d. the fear experienced after the speech

Q: The technical term for public speaking apprehension, speech anxiety, or fear of public speaking is ________. a. fearfulness b. anxiousness c. claustrophobia d. glossophobia

Q: All of the following are action steps in creating an effective speech plan EXCEPT _________. a. gather and evaluate information b. organize ideas into well-structured outline c. perform relaxation exercises d. select a speech goal

Q: The confrontation phase is _____________. a. the level of anxiety during your speech b. the level of anxiety you experience before your speech c. the surge in your anxiety as you begin delivering your speech d. the gradual decline of speech anxiety about 1 minute into the speech

Q: The theory that suggests that most of us become apprehensive because we don't know how to plan or prepare effectively for a public presentation is __________________. a. the speech apprehension theory b. the communibiological theory c. the skill deficit theory d. structuration theory

Q: Public speaking apprehension gradually ______________ as we speak. a. decreases b. increases c. stays the same d. none of these are correct

Q: You should choose a topic that you _____________. a. think is funny b. do not care about c. feel is relevant to your needs d. know something about

Q: Which of the following is NOT a type of breathing and relaxation exercise? a. abdominal breathing b. systematic desensitization c. progressive muscle relaxation exercises d. sighing

Q: Presenting your main points in __________ order, in order of interest, will help your audience understand and remember them. a. topical b. chronological c. ascending d. descending

Q: The process of __________ involves tailoring the information in your speech to the needs, interests, and expectations of your listeners. a. audience analysis b. listener analysis c. audience adaptation d. listener respect

Q: Public speaking apprehension is uncommon and only affects a few people. a. True b. False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Q: Presentational aids were once considered optional embellishments. Today, they are integral to speech content and effectiveness. a. True b. False

Q: Having some speech apprehension is quite normal. a. True b. False

Q: Organized speeches help audiences to remember the information better. a. True b. False

Q: Performance orientation views public speaking as a special technique that works to impress audiences with their posture. a. True b. False