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Speech
Q:
Which should you usually prepare firstthe introduction of a speech or the body? Why?
Q:
Explain the two main functions of a speech conclusion.
Q:
List and explain the four methods presented in your textbook for reinforcing the central idea in the conclusion of a speech.
Q:
Explain the following statement: You can let your audience know your speech is coming to an end both by what you say and by your manner of delivery.
Q:
What are the requirements of a good speech introduction? Evaluate the following complete introduction to a classroom speech in light of those requirements. Be specific in your answer.
Imagine yourself walking through a large department store. You admire the new fashions, fiddle with the cameras, gawk at the jewelry, and check out the stereo equipment. Now imagine you can have any of those items for freeall you have to do is steal them.
The temptation is greatso great that shoplifting has become one of the most frequent and expensive crimes in the United States. According to Time magazine, there are 150 million incidents of shoplifting in the U.S. each year, and the total value of goods stolen by shoplifters amounts to about $10 billion annually.
And who pays for this? We all do. The value of stolen merchandise, the increased cost of store security, the time consumed in legal proceedingsall are passed on to us in higher prices and higher taxes. The Retail Merchants Association estimates that honest shoppers pay as much as 10 percent more to offset the cost of shoplifting.
Although shoplifting is sometimes called an invisible crime, I have learned to see it in my job as a salesperson at Home Depot. By doing library research and by talking with security personnel at Home Depot, I have come to realize how widespread and how complex a problem shoplifting is. Today I would like to discuss with you the kinds of shoplifters and the security procedures used to fight them.
Q:
What are the requirements of a good speech introduction? Evaluate the following complete introduction to a classroom speech in light of those requirements. Be specific in your answer.
Youre nearly finished with the giant Lego sculpture that youve been building for weeks, when you discover that youre missing a crucial piece. You dont want to order a new piece and wait for it to come in the mail. And you certainly dont want to tear down what youve built and start over again from scratch.
But what if you could go to your computer, type a few commands, and make the missing piece yourself? With the technology being developed for 3-D printers, you can.
Today Id like to tell you how 3-D printing works, the kinds of objects 3-D printers can produce, and the advantages and disadvantages of 3-D printing technology.
Q:
What are the requirements of a good speech introduction? Evaluate the following complete introduction to a classroom speech in light of those requirements. Be specific in your answer.
The most dangerous source of radiation in the United States might be right here in this classroom. The threat is not nuclear power or medical X-rays. Yet according to the Environmental Protection Agency, it threatens up to eight million American homes.
The threat I am talking about is radon, a colorless, odorless gas that may cause as many as 20,000 deaths from lung cancer each year in the United States.
Today we will explore the threat caused by radon gas. We will begin by learning more about radon itselfwhat it is, where it comes from, and why it is so dangerous. Then we will look at some solutions to the problemsteps that can be taken by government and by individual citizens to control the dangers of radon in our homes.
Q:
What are the requirements of a good speech introduction? Evaluate the following complete introduction to a classroom speech in light of those requirements. Be specific in your answer.
Oh beautiful for spacious skies, for amber waves of grain; for purple mountains majesty above the fruited plain.
Most of us are familiar with the song America the Beautiful and its description of our natural resources. Lets step back a minute, though, and consider what the picture might look like in the future. What if the amber waves of grain withered and died because the water table had been disrupted and contaminated? Or consider if the fruited plain was no more than a barren landscape because floods had washed away all the topsoil.
Because I believe that we have to protect our environment, I want to talk with you about one of Americas most precious resources and how it is being destroyed.
Q:
List and explain the four objectives of a speech introduction.
Q:
According to your textbook, what is the most important reason for limiting the number of main points in a speech?
a. It is hard to maintain parallel wording if there are too many main points.
b. It is hard to phrase the central idea if a speech has too many main points.
c. It is hard to organize supporting materials if there are too many main points.
d. It is hard to deliver a speech extemporaneously if it has too many main points.
e. It is hard for the audience to keep track of too many main points.
Q:
The most effective order of main points in a speech depends above all on your topic, purpose, and
a. audience.
b. research.
c. visual aids.
d. credibility.
e. delivery.
Q:
When the main points of a speech follow a time pattern, they are organized in
a. problem-solution order.
b. spatial order.
c. topical order.
d. causal order.
e. chronological order.
Q:
When main ideas follow a directional pattern, they are organized in
a. geographical order.
b. topical order.
c. spatial order.
d. causal order.
e. chronological order.
Q:
Problem-solution order is most appropriate for organizing __________ speeches.
a. acceptance
b. persuasive
c. after-dinner
d. commemorative
e. informative
Q:
Which of the following organizational patterns is used more than any other method of speech organization because of its applicability to almost any subject?
a. chronological
b. spatial
c. problem-solution
d. topical
e. causal
Q:
Here are the main points for an informative speech about the process of drying and storing garden herbs.
I. The first step is to rinse the herbs.
II. The second step is to dry the herbs.
III. The third step is to strip the dried leaves.
IV. The fourth step is to store the herbs properly.
These main points are arranged in __________ order.
a. topical
b. chronological
c. descriptive
d. practical
e. spatial
Q:
Here are the main points for an informative speech about the history of chocolate:
I. Chocolate was originally used in Mexico as a drink by the Aztecs.
II. Chocolate was introduced to Europe after the Spanish conquered the Aztecs.
III. Chocolate was first made into candy during the 1800s.
IV. Chocolates popularity and uses continue to expand today.
These main points are arranged in __________ order.
a. causal
b. analytical
c. descriptive
d. chronological
e. spatial
Q:
Here are the main points for an informative speech about the history of the @ symbol.
I. The first recorded use of the @ symbol was in 1536 to represent units of wine.
II. In later centuries, the @ symbol was used to mean at the rate of or at the cost of.
III. Todays @ symbol came into use in 1971 in the first e-mail ever sent.
These main points are arranged in __________ order.
a. topical
b. chronological
c. problem-solution
d. spatial
e. causal
Q:
Jackson had been a rodeo fan since childhood. In his informative speech, he gave a presentation with the following main points. Jacksons points were arranged in __________ order.
I. Rodeos began in the Old West as contests of skill among cowboys during cattle roundups.
II. By 1920, rodeos had become a popular spectator sport for the general public.
III. Today, rodeos combine traditional western events with a circuslike atmosphere and the marketing techniques of big business.
a. topical
b. formal
c. chronological
d. analytical
e. spatial
Q:
Here are the main points for a speech about the history of golf.
I. The game we know as golf originated in Scotland during the 15th century.
II. Most of golfs rules and traditions developed during the 19th century.
III. Professional golf tours for men and women emerged during the 20th century.
IV. Today golf continues to evolve in response to changes in equipment.
According to your textbook, these main points are arranged in __________ order.
a. chronological
b. ascending
c. process
d. descending
e. historical
Q:
Rosa had been making pottery for several years. In her informative speech, she gave a presentation with the following main points.
I. The first step in making pottery is preparing the clay.
II. The second step in making pottery is shaping the clay.
III. The third step in making pottery is decorating and glazing the clay.
IV. The fourth step in making pottery is firing the finished product.
Rosas points were arranged in __________ order.
a. ascending
b. process
c. chronological
d. descending
e. topical
Q:
One way to let an audience know that you are coming to the end of a speech is by saying something like In conclusion. Another way is by your manner of ______________ .
Q:
When you use a(n) _______________ ending, the speech builds in force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity in the conclusion.
Q:
The four methods discussed in the textbook for reinforcing the central idea in a speech conclusion are: a. b. c. d.
Q:
T F Questions are particularly effective as signposts because they invite subliminal answers and thereby get the audience more involved in the speech.
Q:
T F Now that we have explored the problem, lets turn to the solution is an example of an internal preview.
Q:
T F As well see, the problem can be broken down into two parts, weak laws and lackluster enforcement is an example of an internal preview.
Q:
T F According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of a transition: Now that weve seen that binge drinking is a serious problem for many students, lets look at some ways to help curb the problem.
Q:
T F According to your textbook, the following connective is an example of a signpost: So, how can we make our roads safer for cyclists?
Q:
T F According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of a transition: So much for the present; now lets turn our attention to the future.
Q:
T F According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of an internal summary: So much for the present; what about the future?
Q:
T F The most important point to remember about . . . is an example of a signpost.
Q:
T F Above all, you need to know . . . is an example of a signpost.
Q:
According to your textbook, how well a speech is organized will likely influence
a. how clearly the audience understands the speech.
b. how the audience views the competence of the speaker.
c. how confident the speaker feels about his or her delivery.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only.
Q:
The __________ is the longest and most important part of the speech.
a. body
b. blueprint
c. introduction
d. conclusion
e. frame
Q:
T F As your textbook explains, each main point in a speech should contain an internal preview.
Q:
T F A public speaker should avoid using transitions and internal previews together.
Q:
T F According to your textbook, an internal summary must be used after every main point in a speech.
Q:
T F A public speaker should avoid using transitions and internal summaries together.
Q:
T F Signposts state both the idea the speaker has finished and the one the speaker is about to begin.
Q:
T F Although using a consistent pattern of wording for main points is common practice among writers, it is less important in public speaking.
Q:
T F Public speakers should use a consistent pattern of wording for their main points whenever it is possible to do so.
Q:
T F The time given to each main point in the body of a speech should be exactly the same.
Q:
T F When developing a speech, you should try to roughly balance the amount of time devoted to each main point.
Q:
T F Like the main points of a speech, subpoints and supporting materials should also be strategically organized.
Q:
T F A connective is a word or phrase that links the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationship between them.
Q:
T F Unlike writers, good speakers seldom use connectives between main points.
Q:
T F Transitions state both the idea the speaker is leaving and the one the speaker is coming to.
Q:
T F When arranging a speech in causal order, you must deal first with the causes of an event and then explain its effects.
Q:
T F Speeches arranged in causal order usually have three or four main points.
Q:
T F Problem-solution order is used most often in persuasive speeches.
Q:
T F Speeches arranged in problem-solution order are divided into four main parts.
Q:
T F In topical order, the main points proceed from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, east to west, or some similar route.
Q:
T F When arranged in topical order, the main points of a speech usually follow a time sequence.
Q:
T F The topical pattern of organization divides the topic of the speech into logical and consistent subtopics.
Q:
T F Topical organization is used more often than any other method of speech organization.
Q:
T F Spatial organization is used primarily for informative speeches.
Q:
T F A speech explaining the steps involved in making bread from beginning to end would be arranged in spatial order.
Q:
T F The introduction of a speech should usually be prepared before the body.
Q:
T F According to your textbook, it is usually best to prepare the body of the speech before the introduction.
Q:
T F Once you know the main points of your speech, you should then formulate your specific purpose.
Q:
T F Most speeches should contain from two to five main points.
Q:
T F According to your textbook, most speeches should contain from five to eight main points.
Q:
T F If a speech is 45 minutes long, an audience can be expected to keep track of as many as a dozen main points.
Q:
T F Strategic organization means putting a speech together in a particular way to achieve a particular result with a particular audience.
Q:
T F The most effective order for the main points of a speech depends upon the topic, the specific purpose, and the audience.
Q:
T F Speeches arranged in chronological order follow a time pattern.
Q:
T F Chronological organization is used primarily for informative speeches.
Q:
T F Speeches arranged in spatial order follow a time sequence.
Q:
T F Audiences find well-organized speakers to be more credible than poorly organized speakers.
Q:
T F How well a speech is organized affects how listeners view the speakers competence and trustworthiness.
Q:
T F Research suggests that using a clear, specific method of speech organization can enhance your ability to deliver a speech fluently.
Q:
A(n) _______________ lets the audience know the specific points that are coming up next within the body of the speech.
internal preview
Q:
The final point Id like to present . . . is an example of a(n) _______________ .
Q:
Explain each of the following guidelines for main points in a speech. Why is it important to follow each guideline?
a. Limit the number of main points.
b. Balance the amount of time devoted to main points.
c. Keep main points separate.
d. Try to use the same pattern of wording for all main points.
Q:
Write an essay in which you (a) identify the four kinds of speech connectives explained in your textbook, (b) give an example of each, and (c) discuss the role of each in a speech.
Q:
What is wrong with the following set of main points for a speech about Mount Kilimanjaro? Explain the problem and then rewrite the main points to solve it. I. The peak of Mount Kilimanjaro has an arctic climate with snow, ice, and violent winds. II. The middle of Mount Kilimanjaro has a rain forest climate with lush vegetation and diverse animal species. III. A bushland climate with grassy pastures and farming communities is found at the base of Mount Kilimanjaro.
Q:
For speeches with the following specific purpose statements, what organizational pattern of main points would be most appropriate? Explain your choice in each case.
a. To inform my audience of the major stages in the development of professional baseball.
b. To inform my audience about the interior design of a medieval castle.
c. To persuade my audience that consumer fraud in America is a serious problem that requires action at both the state and the federal levels.
d. To inform my audience about the three basic moves in karate.
Q:
T F Clear organization is usually less important in speaking than in writing.
Q:
A(n) _______________ works just like the preview statement in the introduction, except that it comes in the body of the speech.