Q&A Hero

Q: The opinions of ordinary people who have firsthand experience or insight on a topic are referred to as __________ testimony. a. eyewitness b. firsthand c. peer d. observer e. participant

Q: __________ testimony is especially valuable in a speech because it adds the personal insight of people with firsthand experience on a topic. a. peer b. familiar c. common d. everyday e. ordinary

Q: Using expert testimony is an excellent way to lend __________ to your speeches. a. vividness b. reliability c. concreteness d. credibility e. professionalism

Q: The main value of using expert testimony in a speech is to a. enhance the vividness of the speakers ideas. b. gain attention in the introduction of the speech. c. build the credibility of speakers who are not experts on their topics. d. keep the audiences attention throughout the body of the speech. e. relate the speakers ideas directly to the audience.

Q: According to your textbook, if you quoted Dr. Anthony DAlessandro, a world-renowned transplant surgeon, on the organ shortage problem, what kind of testimony would you be using? a. valid b. peer c. professional d. expert e. unbiased

Q: When Julia Wang quoted former U.S. Social Security Commissioner Dorcas Hardy in her speech on reforming the Social Security system, she was using what your textbook calls __________ testimony. a. peer b. legitimate c. professional d. accurate e. expert

Q: According to your textbook, if you quoted Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon, about e-commerce, what kind of testimony would you be using? a. educational b. direct c. expert d. professional e. scientific

Q: According to your textbook, when using statistics in a speech, you should a. avoid citing the sources of your statistics. b. manipulate the statistics so they support your point. c. relate your statistics to the audience. d. use as many statistics as possible. e. use exact numbers rather than rounding off.

Q: What guideline presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is followed in this speech excerpt? Binge drinking is the most common form of alcohol abuse not just among college students but throughout American society. According to the Centers for Disease Control, it will take 88,000 lives this year alone. Eighty-eight thousandthats the number of students on this campus four times over. a. Relate statistics to the audience. b. Use extended examples to personalize ideas. c. Paraphrase sources when presenting testimony. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: What suggestion presented in your textbook for using statistics is followed in the following speech excerpt? If it seems as if you spend a lot of time going back and forth from your job, its probably because you do. According to figures compiled by management consultant Jeff Davidson, the average American commutes 157,600 miles to and from work during his or her working life. Thats equal to driving six times around the Earth. a. Use statistics to quantify ideas. b. Identify the source of statistics. c. Relate statistics to the audience. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: According to your textbook, when you use statistics in a speech, you should usually a. round off complicated statistics. b. combine the statistics with a hypothetical example. c. use a large number of statistics. d. increase your speaking rate when giving statistics. e. manipulate the statistics to make a point.

Q: How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for using supporting materials presented in your textbook? Hunger kills millions of people around the globe each year. According to the World Health Organization, an average of 24,362 people died of hunger or hunger-related causes every day last year. a. It doesnt use a qualified source for statistics. b. It doesnt use statistics to quantify ideas. c. It doesnt round off statistics. d. all of the above e. a and b only

Q: How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting materials presented in your textbook? According to the latest figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, last year fashion designers earned an average of $73,570, animators earned $72,401, and commercial designers earned $64,570. a. It doesnt round off statistics. b. It doesnt use a qualified source for statistics. c. It doesnt use up-to-date statistics. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: Which of the following does your textbook recommend with regard to using statistics in a speech? a. Limit statistics to persuasive speeches. b. Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends. c. Round off complicated statistics. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting materials presented in your textbook? The problem of identity theft is alarmingly real. The Bureau of Justice Statistics reports that there were 16,580,537 victims over the age of 16 last year alone. Of those victims, the BJS says that 15,323,946 people had someone else use an existing account, and 1,125,117 had new accounts opened in their names. a. It doesnt use up-to-date statistics. b. It doesnt use a qualified source for statistics. c. It doesnt round off statistics. d. all of the above e. a and b only

Q: According to your textbook, when using statistics in a speech, you should usually a. use exact numbers rather than rounding off. b. use statistics only in persuasive speeches. c. use visual aids to clarify statistical trends. d. all of the above. e. a and b only.

Q: According to your textbook, a good way to clarify statistical trends is to a. increase your speaking rate when giving statistics. b. consult the Guinness Book of World Records. c. use exact numbers rather than rounding off. d. use visual aids when presenting statistics. e. make sure the statistics are from unbiased sources.

Q: According to your textbook, how might a speaker clarify the statistics in the following speech excerpt? Recent statistics from the FBI show that the number of murders is declining in some major cities. In Chicago, for example, between 2003 and 2013, the number dropped from 601 to 412. In New York, the number fell from 597 to 333. And in Los Angeles, it dipped from 515 to 246. a. Identify the source of the statistics. b. Use a visual aid to illustrate statistical trends. c. Avoid technical language. d. all of the above e. a and c only

Q: What is the median in the following set of numbers: 200, 300, 500, 600, 600? a. 200 b. 350 c. 440 d. 500 e. 600

Q: To determine the mode of a list of numbers, you would a. find the most frequent figure and divide by the number of times it appears. b. add up all the figures and divide by the number of figures in the list. c. determine which of the figures in the list occurs most frequently. d. arrange the figures in order from highest to lowest and pick the one in the middle. e. add the highest number and the lowest number and divide by two.

Q: What is the mode in the following set of numbers: 300, 400, 400, 600, 800? a. 300 b. 400 c. 450 d. 500 e. 700

Q: The main value of using statistics in a speech is to a. lend realism to the speech. b. enhance the speakers credibility. c. make the speech more vivid. d. avoid relying on testimony. e. quantify the speakers ideas.

Q: To give statistics greater impact, a speaker should a. use statistics sparingly. b. let the statistics speak for themselves. c. cite exact numbers rather than rounding off. d. combine the statistics with technical language. e. conceal the source of the statistics.

Q: When using statistics in a speech, you should usually a. manipulate the statistics to make your point. b. use exact numbers rather than rounding off. c. increase your speaking rate when giving statistics. d. avoid using too many statistics. e. conceal the source of the statistics.

Q: According to your textbook, when using statistics in a speech, you should a. use as many statistics as possible. b. identify the sources of your statistics. c. manipulate the statistics so they support your point. d. use exact numbers rather than rounding off. e. gradually increase the volume of your voice.

Q: According to your textbook, when you use statistics in a speech, you should a. cite the source of your statistics. b. use exact figures instead of rounding off. c. get statistics from a reliable source. d. all of the above. e. a and c only.

Q: According to your textbook, when evaluating statistics, you should ask whether they a. are from a reliable source. b. use statistical measures correctly. c. are representative of what they claim to measure. d. all of the above. e. b and c only.

Q: How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for using statistics presented in your textbook? One magazine reports that U.S. consumers pay more than $300 billion a year on products to cover the manufacturers liability costs. This amounts to a staggering $4,000 per household. On a specific basis, product liability costs account for $11.50 of every $12 dose of vaccine we give our children, and over $100 of the cost of a football helmet. a. It doesnt provide enough statistics. b. It doesnt identify the source of statistics. c. It doesnt use statistics to quantify ideas. d. all of the above e. a and b only

Q: How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for the use of statistics presented in your textbook? I discovered on the Internet that each year, for every 100,000 students living in college dormitories, there are 4 cases of bacterial meningitis. a. It doesnt round off the statistics. b. It doesnt state the statistics clearly. c. It doesnt cite a qualified source for the statistics. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: According to your textbook, when you use statistics in a speech, you should a. use as many statistics as possible. b. explain the statistics to the audience. c. use exact figures instead of rounding off. d. all of the above. e. a and c only.

Q: According to your textbook, when using statistics in a speech, you should a. avoid citing the sources of your statistics. b. manipulate the statistics so they support your point. c. explain the statistics to the audience. d. use as many statistics as possible. e. use exact numbers rather than rounding off.

Q: What suggestion presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is used in the following speech excerpt? Since it first opened for business, McDonalds has sold more than 100 billion hamburgers. To give you an idea how many hamburgers that is, think of it this way: Since each McDonalds burger (with the bun) is about 2 inches thick, 100 billion hamburgers stacked on top of each other would reach over 3 million miles fifteen times as far as the moon. a. Explain your statistics. b. Present testimony from qualified sources. c. Use examples to quantify ideas. d. Quote or paraphrase accurately. e. Use statistics instead of examples.

Q: To say that the mean salary for NFL quarterbacks is $3.8 million is to say that a. no NFL quarterback makes less than $3.8 million. b. more NFL quarterbacks earn $3.8 million than any other salary. c. when you list all the players salaries in order, $3.8 million is the middle salary. d. the average salary paid to NFL quarterbacks is $3.8 million. e. no NFL quarterback makes more than $3.8 million.

Q: To determine the median of a list of numbers, you would a. add up all the figures and divide by the number of figures in the list. b. arrange the figures in order from highest to lowest and identify the one in the middle. c. determine which of the figures in the list occurs most frequently. d. add the highest number and the lowest number and divide by two. e. find the most frequent figure and divide it by the number of times it appears.

Q: Jeff began his speech by saying: Imagine that you are on a deserted islandpalm trees sway in the breeze, the warm sun is on your face, and the smell of tropical flowers is in the air. Suddenly, the sound of distant drums breaks your euphoria. What do you dopanic? What would you do if you found yourself in such a situation? What kind of supporting material did Jeff use in his introduction? a. peer testimony b. extended metaphor c. synthetic example d. artificial simile e. hypothetical example

Q: According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in the following speech excerpt? Imagine this: You have spent most of the night studying for an exam. But when you get up the next morning ready to take the test, you go to your front door and it wont open. So you head to the back door, and it wont open either. You are stuck in the house. It would be pretty frustrating, wouldnt it? This is exactly the kind of frustration students who use wheelchairs feel when they cant get to class because of the snow. a. emotional example b. causal example c. metaphorical example d. synthetic example e. hypothetical example

Q: According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in the following speech excerpt? Imagine yourself driving down the freeway on your way to work. You see lights flashing in your rear-view mirror. You pull over to the side of the road and stop as the police car pulls in behind you. Were you speeding? No, says the officer, but she needs proof that youre an American citizen. a. analogical example b. hypothetical example c. causal example d. synthetic example e. metaphorical example

Q: In a speech about valley fever, a potentially deadly disease that has reached serious proportions in several southwestern states, a speaker said: After being plagued by asthma attacks in Hawaii for six years, Lori Crown hoped to find relief by moving to the dryer climate in Bakersfield, California. A few months after arriving in Bakersfield, Crown was suffering from severe headaches, swollen feet, painful bumps on her hands and legs, and a prolonged fever. The diagnosisvalley fever. To combat the disease, Crown has to take fluconazole, an antifungal drug that costs $685 for a one-month supply of pills. Although the drug helps, Crown still gets painful headaches, frequent fevers, and debilitating fatigue. Its so frustrating, Crown says. One day Ill feel fine, then Ill be in bed for the next three. Most days she wishes she had stayed in Hawaii. According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in this statement? a. scientific example b. extended example c. hypothetical example d. illustrative example e. expert example

Q: Lucy wanted to know what percentage of students plan to attend graduate or professional school after college, so she distributed a survey in three of her classes. Based on the results, Lucy concluded that nearly a third of college students plan to continue their education further. What is wrong with the way Lucy used the statistics from her survey? a. Lucys sample isnt representative of college students as a whole. b. Lucy didnt use statistical measures correctly when presenting the results. c. Lucy rounded off her results instead of presenting the exact numbers. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: Which of the following statistical measures corresponds to what is popularly called the average? a. the medial b. the mean c. the medium d. the mode e. the median

Q: The mean is the statistical measure that corresponds to what is popularly called a. the medial. b. the average. c. the mode. d. the probability. e. the median.

Q: What is the mean in the following set of numbers: 100, 300, 500, 500, 600? a. 300 b. 400 c. 500 d. 550 e. 600

Q: According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the mean price of a gallon of milk in the U.S. has risen to $3.67. This means that a. half the milk in the U.S. costs less than $3.67 a gallon, and half costs more. b. more milk costs $3.67 per gallon than any other price. c. the average price of a gallon of milk is $3.67. d. no milk in the U.S. costs less than $3.67 a gallon. e. none of the above.

Q: Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are combined with __________ that show(s) the examples to be typical. a. analogies b. causal reasoning c. credibility statements d. emotional appeals e. statistics

Q: Keith made the following statement in his speech on architectural styles: Two famous buildings in the art deco style are the Empire State Building and Radio City Music Hall. What kind of supporting material did Keith use? a. metaphor b. expert testimony c. simile d. brief example e. hypothetical example

Q: Alisha began the introduction of her speech by saying: Like typical new parents, Paige and Iain Lochlan were thrilled when their son Lincoln was born. But their elation soon turned to fear as Lincoln began to miss important milestones. As an infant, he didnt make eye contact, and a year later he showed no interest in learning how to walk or talk. It wasnt long before Paige and Iain got the diagnosis every parent dreadstheir child has autism. What kind of supporting material did Alisha use in her introduction? a. expert testimony b. brief example c. metaphor d. hypothetical example e. simile

Q: Carmen began her speech by saying: June 10 began like any other day at Reynolds High School in the small town of Troutdale, Oregon. That is, until freshman Jared Padgett got off the bus carrying his guitar case and a duffel bag containing a semi-automatic handgun, an AR-15 rifle, and several hundred rounds of ammunition. Over the course of the morning, Padgett took the life of 14-year-old Emilio Hoffman and shot and wounded a teacher before finally ending his own life. What kind of supporting material did Carmen use in her introduction? a. testimony b. example c. metaphor d. statistics e. simile

Q: According to your textbook, what kind of supporting materials are used in the following speech excerpt? Not all Hollywood marriages are doomed to quick failure. Tom Hanks and Rita Wilson have been together for 26 years. Denzel and Pauletta Washington have been married for 31 years, and Billy and Janice Crystal for 44 years. a. brief examples b. synthetic examples c. repetitive examples d. enumerated examples e. informative examples

Q: According to your textbook, a(n) __________ is an imaginary story that makes a general point. a. fable b. illustration c. simulated example d. hypothetical example e. anecdote

Q: According to your textbook, an imaginary story that makes a general point is called a(n) a. mythical example. b. artificial example. c. spurious example. d. hypothetical example. e. synthetic example.

Q: Examples are especially helpful as supporting materials because they a. personalize your ideas. b. are not overly technical. c. quantify a speakers ideas. d. are harder to manipulate than statistics or testimony. e. enhance the speakers credibility.

Q: As your textbook explains, you should use examples in your speeches in order to a. quantify your ideas. b. personalize your ideas. c. clarify your ideas d. all of the above. e. b and c only.

Q: Accomplished speakers consider __________ the very life of the speech. a. statistics b. causal reasoning c. testimony d. examples e. emotional appeals

Q: Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to enhance the effectiveness of your examples? a. Practice the delivery of your extended examples. b. Use examples involving people your audience knows. c. Make your examples vivid and richly textured. d. all of the above e. a and c only

Q: Your textbook presents each of the following as a tip for using examples in a speech except a. use examples to personalize your ideas. b. practice delivery to enhance your extended examples. c. make your examples vivid and richly textured. d. combine examples with causal reasoning. e. use examples to clarify your ideas.

Q: T F Oral citations in a speech should include the full address of each Web site mentioned by the speaker.

Q: T F The content of an oral citation in a speech depends partly on the speakers audience and on the kind of supporting material being used by the speaker.

Q: T F Oral citations should include enough information that the audience will know where the information came from and why it is credible.

Q: T F When citing information from an Internet document, it is usually sufficient for a speaker to say, I found the following information on the Web.

Q: T F As your textbook explains, it is important to use the same format for each of your oral citations in a speech.

Q: T F When you are speaking, you should cite your sources orally in such a way that they blend smoothly into your speech.

Q: T F As your textbook explains, a speaker should almost always use words such as quote and unquote to let the audience know when the speaker is making a direct quotation.

Q: The more __________ your examples, the greater impact they are likely to have. a. hypothetical b. complex c. unusual d. expert e. vivid

Q: Using __________ is the best way to pull listeners into your speeches. a. peer testimony b. statistics c. extended examples d. visual aids e. brief examples

Q: Which of the following is recommended by your textbook for using hypothetical examples? a. Follow them with statistics or testimony to show that they are not atypical. b. Make them as brief as possible so you wont lose your audiences attention. c. Use them only in the introduction of your speech rather than in the body. d. all of the above e. b and c only

Q: As your textbook explains, examples help a speaker a. reinforce ideas. b. personalize ideas. c. clarify ideas. d. all of the above. e. b and c only.

Q: T F Oral citations in a speech should follow the same format as a written bibliography.

Q: T F Acceptable testimony can include either statements from recognized experts or statements from ordinary people with special expertise on the topic.

Q: T F Peer testimony is made up of opinions from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic.

Q: T F According to your textbook, it is seldom acceptable to use peer testimony in a speech.

Q: T F Peer testimony is highly credible in a speech because it comes from people who are recognized experts on the topic.

Q: T F Peer testimony is valuable because it gives a more personal and emotional viewpoint than can be gained from expert testimony.

Q: T F It is seldom necessary to name the people you quote or paraphrase in a speech.

Q: T F When you use testimony in a speech, it is acceptable either to paraphrase or to use a direct quotation.

Q: T F Examples and testimony are most effective in persuasive speeches, while statistics work best in informative speeches.

Q: T F Statistics are most effective in persuasive speeches, while examples and testimony work best in informative speeches.

Q: T F It is seldom a good idea to use examples and testimony in the same speech.

Q: T F Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it is called paraphrasing.

Q: T F Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it is called quoting out of context.

Q: T F As your textbook explains, celebrities are especially qualified as sources for testimony because they are so well known.