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Speech
Q:
Hocker and Wilmot summarize several advantages of clarifying your goals in a conflict. Which of the following is NOT an advantage identified?
a. Clear goals are reached more often than unclear ones.
b. Clear goals can be altered more easily than vague ones.
c. Only clear goals can be shared.
d. Solutions go unrecognized if you dont know what you want.
e. Knowing the others goals helps you manipulate the situation to get what you want.
Q:
According to the text, all of the following are neutral metaphors about conflict except:
a. Conflict is a game
b. Conflict is a heroic adventure
c. Conflict is a balancing act
d. Conflict is a mess
e. All of these are neutral metaphors about conflict.
Q:
Which of the following metaphors would your authors consider transformative?
a. Conflict is a balancing act
b. Conflict is a trial
c. Conflict is war
d. Conflict is a dance
e. Conflict is a struggle
Q:
Which of the following is generally true about research regarding gender differences in conflict?
a. Adolescent girls tend to be more aggressive than adolescent boys.
b. Men and women generally handle conflict in similar ways.
c. Women tend to take more control of conversations than men to lead it in the direction they want.
d. Women are more likely to avoid a conflict than men.
e. Men tend to engage in the listening role more than women.
Q:
Q:
EXAM QUESTIONS:Chapter 3TRUE-FALSET F 1. The goals one has for the outcome of a conflict prior to actively engaging in it are called prospective goals.T F 2. To be truly collaborative, conflict goals must be behaviorally specific.T F 3. Good conflict goals remain stead fast they should not change before, during or after a conflict.T F 4. According to the TRIP model, the use and balance of power are most connected to the relational element.T F 5. According to the TRIP model, the mode of communication (texting v. talking face-to-face) is part of the identity element.T F 6. When roommates argue about whose turn it is to do the dishes, they are likely to be arguing about the process.T F 7. The two primary drivers of most conflicts are relationship and power.T F 8. If you feel excluded from making an important decision, the element of TRIP you are most likely concerned with it Process.T F 9. Arguing over what music to listen to in the car is primarily concerned with the Topic.T F 10. Arguing with your parents about what time you are supposed to be home is an example of the Relationship element of TRIP.
Q:
Steve and Bonnie disagree on how to spend the money they receive from their tax refund. Steve wants to take the family on a trip to Seattle and Bonnie wants to save if for a rainy day. What type of goal does this conflict interaction represent?
a. process
b. topic
c. identity
d. relational
e. facework
Q:
The statement Well, you dont have to be so nasty about it most likely reflects what type of goal?
a. relational
b. prospective
c. retrospective
d. identity
e. transactive
Q:
A newlywed couple was having trouble resolving their disputes. The husband felt like he was trying to solve the problems, but his wife did not take him seriously during the discussions because she would do something else while they were talking--laundry, redecorating, etc. They decided that they would have a "meeting" to discuss issues when they arose. The meeting would be a time where they would shut out all distractions and discuss the situation until a solution arose. What is the paramount goal in this situation?
a. Topic
b. Relationship
c. Identity
d. Process
e. All of the above
Q:
Which of the following are considered to be the drivers of disputes?
a. Topic; relationship
b. Relationship; identity
c. Identity; process
d. Process; topic
e. Topic; relationship
Q:
Relationship goals refer to those that answer the question
a. What do we want?
b. Who are we to each other?
c. Who am I in this interaction?
d. What communication process will be used?
e. How do others define our relationship?
Q:
Which of the following statement is NOT true about relational issues and identity?
a. Identity issues do not affect relationship messages.
b. You always give relational messages.
c. We each translate or interpret relational messages differently.
d. Relational interests are more important than topic interests.
e. Our relational interests are triggered in reaction to the others behavior.
Q:
Tyler is a young, naturally gifted athlete. Unfortunately, his work ethic does not match his talent. When he finished sixth in a competition rather than his expected first or second place, he spent a great deal of time and energy telling people how the judges were unfair and were biased toward other athletes. Tyler is using which of the following face-saving strategies?
a. Refusing to step back from a position
b. Claiming unjust intimidation
c. Suppressing conflict issues
d. Helping others increase their self-esteem
e. Avoiding giving directives
Q:
Which of the following is NOT true about the nature of overlapping TRIP goals?
a. Interests overlap with each other and differ in primacy.
b. Identity and relationship issues underlie topic and process issues.
c. In a serious dispute, content-only solutions are typically the most satisfying.
d. Conflict parties often specialize in one kind of goal.
e. Goals may emerge in a different form.
Q:
Transactive goals develop
a. during conflict episodes rather than before and after.
b. after conflict episodes rather than before or during them.
c. before conflict episodes rather than during or after.
d. when there is the possibility of transforming the relationship.
e. only when transactional communication is taking place.
Q:
Since gender studies have found that women tend to compromise more than men in conflict situations, the book suggests that women try to utilize which communication behavior most often?
a. domination
b. competition
c. avoidance
d. even more compromise
e. a wide range of communication behaviors
Q:
According to Hocker and Wilmot, which type of family is characterized by walking away from conflicts, never raising your voices, not telling anyone if there is a struggle, and keeping strong feelings to yourself?
a. collaborative family
b. permissive family
c. aggressive family
d. avoidant family
e. passive family
Q:
If you are upset with your roommate, and you show it by playing your stereo loud enough to be annoying, the authors of your text would say you are demonstrating which of the following dimensions of conflict?
a. expressed struggle
b. Perceived incompatible goals
c. Perceived interference
d. Interdependence
e. All of the above
Q:
Most expressed struggles are activated by
a. internal stress.
b. ambivalence.
c. conflicting internal dialogues.
d. a triggering event.
e. apathy.
Q:
Adam was taking a public speaking class and was angry with his instructor. All of his friends were getting good grades except him, and they all told him that he made the best presentations. The instructor's evaluations of his presentations all stated that they were amusing, but were also provided an inadequate explanation of the topic. Adam asked his instructor why all his friends (all his friends in the class happen to be females) were getting good grades and he was not. Adam thought he was learning to be a better speaker and that the instructor was biased towards the females, being one herself. However, Adam did not realize that there were other males in the class getting good grades. This conflict escalated because of
a. incompatible goals.
b. scarce resources.
c. the perception of interference.
d. the expressed struggle.
e. none of the above.
Q:
Q:
EXAM QUESTIONS:Chapter 2TRUE-FALSET F 1. The text says anger is the predominant emotion in all conflicts.T F 2. The most common metaphors for conflict in U.S. culture are win-lose in nature.T F 3. According to the text, the most useful metaphors for helping us manage conflicts are those of a trial.T F 4. A potential benefit to addressing conflict is the ability for persons in a relationship to better understand each other.T F 5. Many times, women remain in more of a listening role during conflict than men.T F 6. In individualistic cultures, people are more likely to resolve conflict through competition and collaboration.T F 7. Research on conflict and gender reveals that men criticize more than women.T F 8. An example of a neutral conflict metaphor is a balancing act.T F 9. Refusing to back down in an argument, even if you know you are wrong, may be an indicator of trying to save face.T F 10. Collaborative families typically use the silent treatment to effectively manage conflict.
Q:
Which of the following statements BEST describe an aggressive family?
a. Snide comments are fine
b. If someone has a concern, dont respond to it.
c. Strong feelings are seen as normal and are allowed.
d. Have an audience present when you engage someone.
e. Deal with people directly.
Q:
All of the following beliefs are commonly-held viewpoints about conflict EXCEPT:
a. Harmony is normal and conflict is abnormal.
b. Disagreements are the same thing as conflicts.
c. Personality clashes are the cause of conflicts.
d. Conflict should never be escalated.
e. A good conflict is a nice conflict.
Q:
The following statement by Justin about a conflict with his sister Shannon is an example of which of the conflict metaphors below? The next time she says something about my lifestyle Im likely to explode like a volcano.
a. conflict is a trial
b. conflict is an act of nature
c. conflict is a balancing act
d. conflict is warlike and violent
e. conflict is like a dance
Q:
According to Hocker and Wilmot, the most common metaphor used to describe conflict is
a. conflict is a war.
b. conflict is a dance.
c. conflict is a mess.
d. conflict is a balancing act.
e. conflict is explosive.
Q:
Metaphors that expand the potential in conflict are useful because they portray
a. a neutral approach to conflict.
b. a collaborative approach to conflict.
c. a realistic view of the danger in conflict.
d. a succinct view of the situation.
e. a competitive approach to conflict.
Q:
Which of the communication cultures below is generally characterized by norms that favor competition, low or non-expressiveness, and communication used for concrete purposes?
a. feminine communication culture
b. Asian communication culture
c. masculine communication culture
d. Native American culture
e. both a and c
Q:
Which of the following terms reflects the notion that individuals learn male and female communication behaviors through observation of and communication with same-sex groups?
a. social learning theory b. the Lens Model of conflict
c. attribution theory
d. collectivist theory
e. transformative theory
Q:
According to your text, __________ criticize more than __________.
a. adults/children
b. men/women
c. women/men
d. students/teachers
e. friends/romantic partners
Q:
Hocker and Wilmot discuss several benefits of improving your conflict management skills. Which of the following is one of those benefits?
a. You can learn to always get what you want.
b. You will finally learn how to avoid all conflicts.
c. People around you will benefit from your improved skills.
d. You can improve your relationships.
e. C and D
Q:
EXAM QUESTIONS:Chapter 1TRUE-FALSET F 1. According to Chapter 1, the authors state people are born with conflict management skills they are mostly common sense.T F 2. Once a person becomes truly skilled at managing conflict, s/he will not have to deal with it conflict IS avoidable.T F 3. A spiral that moves only one direction up ward and onward is an example of an escalatory spiral.T F 4. An example of a scarce resource is self-esteem.T F 5. The text says anger is the predominant emotion in all conflicts.T F 6. According to the text, disagreements are the same as conflicts.T F 7. According to the text, an interpersonal conflict requires that the struggle is expressed.T F 8. Unresolved conflict can have an impact on a persons mental health.T F 9. According to the text, no complaints can be constructive, only destructive.T F 10. Increasing accurate self-awareness will help you better manage conflict.
Q:
According to the text, when it comes to managing conflict, most people:
a. need to learn conflict skills
b. are intuitively skilled
c. take classes on conflict so they are exceptionally skilled
d. will confront any issue that arise
e. are not influenced by their families of origin
Q:
Which of the following is NOT an essential feature of Hocker and Wilmots definition of interpersonal conflict?
a. an expressed struggle
b. independence
c. incompatible goals
d. scarce resources
e. interference
Q:
Terry and Pat have been in a committed romantic relationship for five years. Increased conflict has characterized their relationship recently. Both have become less invested in the relationship and have sought out others to fulfill some of their needs for affection, inclusion, and control. They dont rely on each other for much and expect less from each other. Terry and Pats choices reflect which of the five features that contribute to destructive conflict?
a. Escalatory spirals
b. Avoidance spirals
c. Retaliation
d. Inflexibility and rigidity
e. A competitive system of domination and submission
Q:
Suki and Laura are best friends. Laura feels betrayed because Suki is so caught up in her new relationship with her boyfriend that she doesnt appear to have time for Laura. In this instance, the conflict is fueled by
a. interdependence.
b. perceived incompatible goals.
c. low self esteem.
d. avoidance of the issues.
e. perceived scarce resources.
Q:
A spiral that moves only in one direction upward and onward is an example of a(n) ______________ spiral.
a. devitalized
b. regressive
c. progressive
d. escalatory
e. aggressive
Q:
Which of the following is a potential benefit of conflict for interpersonal relationships?
a. Partners increase understanding of each other.
b. One partner can prove how right s/he is.
c. You never need to look at another persons point of view.
d. The relationship can end and you can be free to pursue other goals.
e. Participants can figure out why the other is wrong.
Q:
An interpretive perspective reminds one that a good communicator is sensitive to the various contexts in which intercultural communication occurs.
Q:
The D.I.E exercise is a device that helps one determine if he or she is communicating at a descriptive, interpretive, or evaluative level.
Q:
Describe some important reasons why competent intercultural communicators should be self-reflexive.
Q:
Discuss why it is problematic to identify universal behaviors that work well in all cultural contexts.
Q:
Identify and explain the four levels of intercultural competence.
Q:
Discuss the components of intercultural competence.
Q:
What needs to occur in order for people to be able to form intercultural alliances?
Q:
Discuss how empathy/transpection impacts intercultural communication.
Q:
Why is it important to learn the D.I.E. skills to increase one's level of intercultural communication competence?
Q:
Linguistic knowledge is the most important component of intercultural communication competence.
Q:
Conscious competence is the level of intercultural communication competence at which communication goes smoothly but is an unconscious process.
Q:
evaluative
Q:
descriptive
Q:
interpretive
Q:
The best way to learn how to become a good intercultural communicator is to read as many books as possible about different cultural groups.
Q:
The ability to "walk in another person's shoes" is nonjudgmentalism.
Q:
Conscious competence occurs when a person is attitudinally and cognitively prepared but lets go and uses holistic cognitive processing.
Q:
One of the best preparations for becoming competent intercultural communicators is to develop our abilities to think using narrow categories.
Q:
A competitive framework suggests that for one person to gain something, another person must lose something.
Q:
Intercultural alliances are generally formed by oppressed cultural groups in order to take power away from dominant cultural groups.
Q:
When the cultural divide is too huge, forgiveness can be an effective way to promote intercultural reconciliation.
Q:
Motivation is the most important dimension of communication competence because if someone is not motivated to communicate, skill level is not important.
Q:
Identities of gender, sexual orientation, race, religion, age, etc., remain relatively constant in all contexts.
Q:
After taking an intercultural communication course, students can reach the level of unconscious competence very quickly.
Q:
Forming coalitions can be emotionally injuring.
Q:
Which is an example of an interpretive statement?
a. "You said you wanted to go to the library."
b. "I am happy you have decided to come to our party."
c. "I saw you in Professor Brown's class at 3:30 this afternoon."
d. "I think you are getting behind in your classes."
Q:
If Nadini, who is from India, is really trying hard to communicate as appropriately and effectively as possible with her American classmates, she is operating from which level of competence?
a. unconscious competence
b. conscious competence
c. unconscious incompetence
d. conscious incompetence
Q:
The critical approach to intercultural communication competence reminds us that:
a. an individual cannot assume that people are always motivated to communicate.
b. good communicators need to think about how cultural variations influence the process of communication.
c. an individuals' competence must be viewed within larger political, economic, and historical forces.
d. good communicators need to aggressively question existing social structures and take actions.
Q:
Which of the following characterizes intercultural alliances?
a. orientations of affirmation
b. coalitions or equilateral power
c. criticisms of dominant power structures
d. gender and racial equality
Q:
The D.I.E. exercise helps us to determine if we are communicating in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
a. educationally.
b. interpretively.
c. evaluatively.
d. descriptively.
Q:
The Japanese model of intercultural listening includes which of the following?
a. The speaker thinks carefully before delivering a message.
b. The speaker's message is nonthreatening and may be open to multiple interpretations.
c. After intense consideration and reconsideration of possible interpretations, the listener responds in a nonthreatening manner.
d. All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about building coalitions?
a. It will not happen until people start to share secrets about their past.
b. It is generally quite easy once people sit down and talk to each other.
c. In the process, people may find that their own identities have become injured.
d. It is impossible to accomplish because people need to preserve their own cultural identities.
Q:
The textbook authors suggest that the most important knowledge a competent intercultural communicator needs is:
a. self-knowledge.
b. linguistic knowledge.
c. other-knowledge.
a. micro-cultural knowledge.
Q:
Tolerance for ambiguity refers to:
a. the ability to withhold judgment until facts are obtained.
b. the ability to perceive the world from the perspective of another.
c. the ability to transcend one's own identity.
d. the ability to feel comfortable in situations with many unknown elements.
Q:
Which of the following is true about forgiveness and intercultural relationships?
a. Forgiveness is an effective strategy to resolve intercultural conflicts because it requires people to use knowledge to suppress their emotions.
b. Forgiveness has not been proven as an effective way to deal with intercultural conflicts.
c. Forgiveness can sometimes help reconcile intercultural problems because, after forgiving, people will no longer be consumed by the wrongs that others have done to them.
d. Forgiveness is the easiest way for people to resolve problems in intercultural relationships.
Q:
According to communication scholar Mary Jane Collier, which of the following is a characteristic of intercultural allies?
a. They recognize that people from both historically powerful and less powerful groups view history in the same manner.
b. They recognize and try to understand how ethnic, gender, and class differences lead to power.
c. They are unable to appreciate differences and fear commitment to relationships.
d. They have a judgmental attitude that leads to misunderstandings and ineffective communication.
Q:
White students engaging in much less racial interaction and friendship than students of color, even at large, diverse universities, is an example of:
a. unconscious incompetence.
b. lack of a positive attitude.
c. lack of motivation.
d. conscious incompetence.
Q:
In the context of intercultural competence, critical scholars emphasize the:
a. role of behavior and skills.
b. development of a nonjudgmental attitude.
c. context in which communication occurs.
d. role of power differentials.
Q:
Which of the following best defines the term "cosmopolitan communication"?
a. It occurs when an interaction is going well, but one doesn't have to think why, as the various aspects of intercultural communication are being used unconsciously.
b. It is a notion of ethically working with and through cultural differences and power inequities to achieve understanding and intercultural growth through critical self-transformation.
c. It is the desire to make a commitment in relationships, to learn about the self and others, and to remain flexible.
d. It is the quality of knowing how one is perceived as a communicator as well as one's strengths and weaknesses.
Q:
The ease in dealing with situations in which there is a great deal of unknown is called:
a. linguistic knowledge.
b. tolerance for ambiguity.
c. nonjudgmentalism.
d. empathy.
Q:
Cross-cultural empathy is called:
a. knowledge.
b. intercultural alliance.
c. transpection.
d. attitude.
Q:
Compare and contrast productive versus destructive conflict management styles.