Q&A Hero

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Q: _____ produces products of popular culture (e.g., movies, cartoons, Hello Kitty) as commodities that can be economically profitable. a. Cultural imperialism b. A culture industry c. High culture d. A cultural forum
Q: Intercultural communication scholars are interested in popular culture because: a. it gives us true representations of other people. b. most people rely on popular culture for information about others. c. people all over the world assign the same meanings to popular culture texts. d. there is little cultural variation in the way people negotiate their relationships to popular culture.
Q: Details concerning the average age, sex, and income of a magazine's readership are known as _____. a. cultural identities b. abstract demographics c. forms of media imperialism d. reader profiles
Q: Describe why you think some migrants have a more difficult time experiencing reentry shock than others.
Q: Describe some of the challenges faced by an individual who makes multiple sojourns and "reentries" to his or her home culture.
Q: Describe the double edge of communication in adaptation. What is the most effective communicative strategy in new environments?
Q: How might intercultural transitions affect one's sense of identity?
Q: Describe the four types of contacts between migrants and the host society. What kinds of intercultural interactions result from each type of contact?
Q: What type of migrants are people who leave their countries to come to the United States permanently because they want to be close to relatives who have already come? a. sojourners b. domestic refugees c. immigrants d. long-term refugees
Q: Which of the following represents a group of domestic refugees? a. international students who have come to attend U.S. universities b. Vietnamese who relocated to Australia after the Vietnam conflict c. a family from Iran who comes to the United States because they want their children to have Western education d. German Jews who were sent to prison camps in Germany during World War II
Q: What two primary characteristics distinguish different migrant groups? a. language and status differences b. length of migration and motivation for migration c. gender and status differences d. goals for sojourn and ability to adapt
Q: Which of the following is true about people's responses to popular culture? a. In general, people cannot resist popular culture. b. The study of popular culture is considered by most people to be worthy of serious attention. c. People are often unaware of the complex nature of popular culture. d. The United States imports much of its popular culture from other countries.
Q: Those systems or artifacts that most people share and that most people know about are known as _____. a. popular culture b. media culture c. high culture d. low culture
Q: The extent to which migrants want to maintain their own identity, language, and way of life influences how they develop multicultural identities.
Q: Suppose your friend is going on a study trip abroad to Taiwan. What would you tell this friend about culture shock?
Q: Describe what happens during the three stages of sojourner adaptation in the integrative model.
Q: Countries with an emphasis on heterogeneity may be more welcoming of people from different cultures.
Q: Most people prefer either a "fight" or a "flight" approach when dealing with new situations.
Q: The sociopolitical context affects individual immigration.
Q: A sojourner is a long-term involuntary migrant.
Q: Countries generally restrict immigration during economic downturns.
Q: People are more likely to experience culture shock when they avoid contact with members of the new culture.
Q: Long-term sojourners more actively resist adaptation than short-term sojourners.
Q: When a migrant has an interest in maintaining his or her original culture and maintains daily interactions with other cultural groups, that person is engaging in assimilation mode of migranthost relationship.
Q: One of the main difficulties in a multicultural life is the risk of not knowing how to develop an appropriate sense of ethics.
Q: Discrimination and class issues sometimes result in conflict between recent immigrants and those from the same country who have been in the host country for a long time.
Q: Voluntary migration has been influenced by restrictive immigration laws of various countries.
Q: A sense of uncertainty that stems from the inability to predict what someone will say or do is referred to as explanatory uncertainty.
Q: A dialectical relationship exists between assimilation and resistance to assimilation.
Q: The two types of uncertainty experienced by migrants are predictive and unexplained uncertainties.
Q: Migrants who observe more and communicate less will experience more culture shock than those who communicate a lot.
Q: The H-1B visa in the United States, given to workers in certain occupations, is an example of a(n): a. non-immigrant status. b. involuntary migrant status. c. permanent citizenship status. d. short-term refugee status.
Q: Which of the following statements best defines the term internally displaced people (IDPs)? a. They are people who are refugees within their own countries due to conflicts, war, famine, or natural disasters. b. They are people who play a significant part in mediating psychological health over time. c. They are people who give up their own cultural heritage and adopt the mainstream cultural identity. d. They are people who voluntarily come to a new country, region, or environment to settle permanently.
Q: In the context of cultural adaptation, the social science approach focuses on: a. how religious institutions play an important role in assisting immigrants. b. the complex and continuous nature of cultural adaptation. c. in-depth descriptions of the adaptation process. d. individual characteristics and backgrounds of migrants.
Q: The third phase of Sverre Lysgaard's theory of adaptation that posits that migrants go through fairly predictable phases is: a. adjustment. b. disorientation. c. anticipation. d. identity crisis.
Q: A research approach that seeks in-depth explanations of human experiences is known as the: a. critical approach. b. phenomenological approach. c. statistical approach. d. ethnographic approach.
Q: A relatively short-term feeling of disorientation and discomfort due to the lack of familiar cues in the environment is known as: a. separation. b. identity crisis. c. culture shock. d. liminality.
Q: _____ is the experience of being between two or more cultural positions. a. Culture shock b. Liminality c. Transnationalism d. Disorientation
Q: assimilation
Q: separation
Q: integration
Q: transition model
Q: U-curve model
Q: anxiety and uncertainty management model
Q: Reentry shock is usually less severe than culture shock because the sojourner knows what to expect his or her home culture to be like.
Q: The approach to cultural adaptation that emphasizes the importance of history, political, and societal structures in migrant adaptation and identity is called the: a. social science approach b. interpretive approach. c. critical approach. d. None of the answers is correct.
Q: Discuss the role of neighborhood as a cultural space in U.S. cities.
Q: Identify and discuss the ways through which cultural spaces can be changed.
Q: What is the role of the Internet in the creation of cultural space? How might this affect cultural identities?
Q: The W-curve theory suggests that: a. cultural adjustment is a long-term process of ups and downs. b. people may experience cultural adjustment upon returning home. c. sojourners experience excitement, shock, and then adaptation to "host" cultures. d. cultural adjustment is a growth process.
Q: Which of the following statements is true of culture shock? a. Every sojourner will experience culture shock. b. There are no benefits of experiencing culture shock. c. Culture shock can result in identity crisis. d. Older people may experience less severe culture shock than younger people.
Q: What two types of uncertainty do migrants experience when they begin interacting with the "host" culture? a. voluntary and forced uncertainty b. long-term and short-term uncertainty c. predictive and explanatory uncertainty d. psychological and functional uncertainty
Q: Which model has traditionally been the most commonly used to describe cultural adaptation? a. anxiety/uncertainty management model b. transition model c. communication-system model d. U-curve model
Q: People who move into new cultural contexts for a limited period of time and for a specific purpose are known as: a. short-term refugees. b. sojourners. c. mid-term refugees. d. long-term refugees.
Q: People who are forced to relocate permanently because of war, famine, and oppression are known as: a. short-term refugees. b. sojourners. c. mid-term refugees. d. long-term refugees.
Q: What are two fundamental differences between the U-curve and the W-curve of adaptation? a. predictive and explanatory uncertainty b. personal change and expectations c. functional fitness and psychological health d. assimilation and separation
Q: According to the transitional model, _____. a. individuals experience excitement, culture shock, and adaptation b. adaptation is mainly a process of cognitive adjustment c. adaptation occurs through uncertainty reduction d. adaptation involves loss and change
Q: A type of cultural adaptation in which an individual gives up his or her heritage and adopts the mainstream cultural identity is called _____. a. assimilation b. integration c. separation d. segregation
Q: A multicultural identity can be defined as: a. an identity built on the sense of in-betweenness that develops as a result of frequent or multiple cultural border crossings. b. an identity that is grounded in the Western tradition of scientific and political beliefs and assumptions. c. an identity based on experience of traveling to two or more cultures. d. an identity that has a number of competing dialects that are the result of different cultural influences.
Q: Which of the following is true of reentry adaptation? a. One of the best things about returning home is that the primary changes are political and cultural, not personal. b. One of the challenges of reentry adaptation is that people do not expect to have difficulties. c. The reentry adaptation process is completely different from the cultural adaptation process. d. It is easier to go through reentry adaptation because people are already familiar with the norms and attitudes of their home cultures.
Q: Transnationalism refers to: a. the process of adapting to multiple cultural influences simultaneously. b. a lack of loyalty to any nation-state. c. the attitude that one's national culture has an interdependent relationship with other national cultures. d. the activity of migrating across the borders of one or more nation-states.
Q: Compare and contrast monochronic and polychronic time orientations. What are the intercultural implications of these differences?
Q: Women are more likely than men to carry their books close to their body and take up less space when sitting.
Q: Direct eye contact can create distance between people because it makes them feel uncomfortable.
Q: When misunderstandings arise, we are more likely to look at the nonverbal communication.
Q: Silence is generally not appropriate in social situations where relationships are ambiguous because the only way to reduce uncertainty is through communication.
Q: Prejudice is often based on aspects of nonverbal communication.
Q: In hate crimes, the victim's appearance is more significant than the victim's specific cultural heritage.
Q: Polychronic cultures value punctuality, completing tasks, and keeping to schedules.
Q: Among the Finnish people, silence communicates awkwardness and may cause people to feel uncomfortable.
Q: Cultural space influences cultural identity and includes homes, neighborhoods, regions, and nations.
Q: Once determined, cultural spaces are relatively unchanging.
Q: Gestures are different from many other nonverbal expressions in that they are accessible to conscious awareness; they can be explained, illustrated, and taught to outsiders.
Q: Human emotion is universally represented by the same set of six distinct facial expression signals.
Q: People narrow down their personal space when they believe they are in control of their own personal space.
Q: Compare and contrast contact cultures with noncontact cultures. What are the intercultural implications of these differences?
Q: The classroom building at the Technical University of Denmark where the rooms and walls are fluid and can be moved to accommodate the needs of any particular day's activities such as classes, meetings, and study groups is a typical example of a(n): a. noncontact culture. b. relational message. c. expectancy violation. d. postmodern cultural space.
Q: Which of the following is true of cultural spaces? a. The influence they have on our identities is static. b. Generally, cultural spaces are designated by physical markers. c. Cultural spaces can be accepted or rejected; they are never forced on us. d. We negotiate relationships to the cultural meanings attached to particular spaces we inhabit.
Q: When people are loyal to a particular demographic area that holds significant cultural meaning, they are _____. a. building postmodern cultural spaces b. expressing regionalism c. utilizing a cultural space d. creating personal space
Q: Jonah tells Katrina that he is glad to see her, but then he doesn't smile or look at her frequently and seems preoccupied with something else. Jonah has used nonverbal behavior to _____ verbal behavior. a. contradict b. substitute c. complement d. reinforce
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