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Speech
Q:
A designated leader
A. is selected.
B. chooses to be the leader.
C. is the same as an achieved leader.
D. always shares leadership.
Q:
On Blake and Moutons conflict grid, the optimum style for reducing conflict and achieving a win-win solution is the
A. competitive forcer.
B. compromiser.
C. accommodator.
D. problem-solving collaborator.
Q:
On the conflict grid devised by Blake and Mouton, a person who loathes any conflict and who must maintain neutrality at all costs is
A. a competitive forcer.
B. a compromiser.
C. an accommodator.
D. an avoider.
Q:
Which of the following statements about role reversal is true?
A. You can understand the other persons arguments in order to counter them more effectively.
B. You can avoid judging the other person by seeing things from his or her perspective.
C. It is easier to devise a strategy to win by understanding the other persons position.
D. The outcome of the conflict will more likely be win-lose.
Q:
Which one of the following behaviors would counter the groupthink mentality in a group?
A. Rationalizing to justify a group decision.
B. Refraining from disagreeing in order to preserve harmony.
C. Assuming that silence means agreement.
D. Permitted outside ideas to challenge the prevailing opinion.
Q:
Which of the following is true about cyber-teams?
A. They hold virtual meetings.
B. They link participants in remote locations.
C. They differ in their degree of virtuality.
D. all of the above
Q:
A person who adopts a win-lose orientation when faced with a conflict is called
A. an avoider.
B. a compromiser.
C. an accommodator.
D. a competitive forcer.
Q:
A person who overvalues the maintenance of relationships is called
A. an avoider.
B. a compromiser.
C. an accommodator.
D. a competitive forcer.
Q:
A conflict-resolution strategy in which people in conflict assume one anothers roles is called
A. role taking.
B. role reversal.
C. role roster.
D. rolling over.
Q:
When working to resolve conflict, it is helpful to
A. suggest possible solutions.
B. assess alternative solutions.
C. try out a solution and evaluate it.
D. all of these
Q:
Which of the following statements about role reversal is true?
A. It is a technique designed to help group members free themselves from task-oriented roles so they can assume self-serving roles.
B. It is a way of helping democratic leaders become more like laissez-faire leaders.
C. It is a way of helping participants in a conflict understand one another.
D. It is an unproductive behavior because it over-intellectualizes group conflict.
Q:
When attempting to resolve conflicts, you should
A. focus on issues.
B. focus on personalities.
C. focus on lunch.
D. focus on not focusing.
Q:
A conflict stands a better chance of being settled rationally if you
A. express your feelings directly and constructively.
B. focus on personalities rather than issues.
C. placate the people with whom you are in conflict.
D. have a 1.9 style on the conflict grid.
Q:
The best approach to a constructive resolution in which all participants are satisfied is
A. compromise.
B. competition.
C. cooperation.
D. groupthink.
Q:
A conflict can be productive if
A. someone has achieved a total victory.
B. everyone is satisfied with the outcome.
C. everyone sends you messages and avoids I messages.
D. it has been defined as competitive.
Q:
According to Blake and Mouton, if you have a 5.5 style on their conflict grid, your guiding principle is
A. compromise.
B. neutrality.
C. problem solving.
D. competition.
Q:
In order for a conflict to be defined as cooperative, each participant must
A. develop groupthink.
B. demonstrate the willingness to resolve it in a mutually satisfactory way.
C. view it as a win-lose situation.
D. have a 1.1 style on the conflict grid.
E. contribute to a defensive climate.
Q:
A person who has a competitive set
A. perceives a conflict situation in all-or-nothing terms.
B. believes that to win, he or she must defeat the other participants.
C. believes that his or her own interests are incompatible with those of the other participants.
D. all of these
Q:
Which of the following statements about groupthink is true?
A. It is an extreme way of avoiding conflict.
B. It forces group members to think critically.
C. It is a drastic but effective way to improve group functioning.
D. It is an excellent way to solve problems.
Q:
Fred Fiedlers contingency theory contends that predicting a groups leader is contingent upon leader-member relations, task structure, and position power.
A. true
B. false
Q:
The interpretation of a message or the behavior of a leader often varies according to the gender of the leader.
A. true
B. false
Q:
The type Y leader believes members are self-directed and seek responsibility as well as opportunities for personal achievement.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Although a group might have a designated leader, it is possible for any group member to exhibit leadership behaviors.
A. true
B. false
Q:
I messages can help resolve group conflict.
A. true
B. false
Q:
In order to avoid groupthink, members should welcome critiques from people both in and outside the group.
A. true
B. false
Q:
The conflict grid devised by Blake and Mouton has two scales: one that represents a persons level of concern for others and a second that indicates the extent to which they want to achieve their personal goals.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Leaders who do not dominate others yet try to provide direction to ensure tasks are completed rely on a democratic style of leadership.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Leaders who dominate others and serve as the sole decision maker use a laissez-faire style of leadership.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Groupthink occurs when group members let the desire for consensus override any other considerations.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Which of the following accurately describes how group composition influences goals?
A. Members of Western cultures tend to focus on short-term goals with more immediate payoffs.
B. Members of East Asian cultures tend to be unwilling to defer gratification, preferring not to seek long-term goals.
C. Members of Western cultures tend to focus on long-term goals, deferring gratification.
D. Members of East Asian cultures tend to be less patient than members of Western cultures regarding goal attainment.
Q:
Coordinating, evaluating, and consensus testing are all examples of
A. self-serving roles.
B. task roles.
C. maintenance roles.
D. none of these
Q:
A group whose task is to decide which steps should be taken to reduce in-school violence would be working on a question of
A. policy.
B. value.
C. fact.
D. society.
Q:
Which statement describes the different ways that men and women approach group work?
A. Both focus on the groups tasks more than relationships.
B. Women perceive power as something to be shared, while men use it to enhance their status.
C. Men focus on relationships to the extent that they enhance power, whereas women focus more on group tasks.
D. Both see relationships within the group as directly related to the achievement of group tasks.
Q:
Stages of group development include
A. forming and storming.
B. norming and performing.
C. adjourning.
D. all of these
Q:
Which of the following is true regarding how men and women perceive power?
A. Men tend to perceive power as more finite than do women.
B. Men tend not to use power to enhance personal status.
C. Women, in contrast to men, perceive power as limited.
D. Women tend not to use power to empower others.
Q:
Which approach to decision making is the most effective?
A. decision by expert, because that person is the most knowledgeable to decide
B. averaging, because all voices are taken into account
C. majority vote, because each group member has one vote
D. decision by consensus, because all group members understand the outcome and can support its implementation
Q:
Which conditions would indicate that an individual rather than a group should be involved in decision making and problem solving?
A. Multiple solutions are desired.
B. It is advisable to divide responsibilities for solving the problem.
C. Knowledge from a variety of perspectives would be helpful.
D. The problem is not very complex.
Q:
An effective group climate includes all but which of the following characteristics?
A. supportiveness
B. top-down decision making
C. trust among members
D. high performance goals
Q:
Which description of a group is inaccurate?
A. Its optimum size is 5 to 7 members.
B. It is a random assemblage of people.
C. It develops its own climate.
D. It generates its own patterns of communication.
Q:
When people perceive that their self-concept is under threat, a common reaction is
A. assertiveness.
B. defensiveness.
C. openness.
D. supportiveness.
Q:
A question involving the truth of a statement is a question of
A. policy.
B. fact.
C. value.
D. all of these
Q:
Informal rules for interaction in a group are called group
A. goals.
B. structure.
C. norms.
D. climate.
Q:
Research shows that the greater the involvement of group members in the decision- making process, the
A. less effective the decision will be.
B. more effective the decision will be.
C. both of these
D. none of these
Q:
It is better to use an individual rather than a group to solve problems that are
A. simple.
B. have few parts.
C. have only one potential solution.
D. all of these
Q:
In group meetings, men tend to
A. offer more objective comments than women.
B. pay less attention to relationships among group members than women.
C. neither of these
D. both of these
Q:
Which of the following would inhibit brainstorming?
A. contributing wild ideas
B. mixing different people's ideas
C. evaluating ideas for usefulness and practicability
D. recording ideas
E. none of these
Q:
A group technique that is used to promote a free flow of ideas is called
A. a reflective-thinking framework.
B. decision by consensus.
C. brainstorming.
D. blocking.
Q:
The reflective-thinking framework was developed by
A. Alex Osborn.
B. Douglas McGregor.
C. Gamble and Gamble.
D. John Dewey.
Q:
Questions of fact are concerned with
A. future action.
B. truth or falsity of statements.
C. subjective judgments.
D. both future action and truth or falsity of statements.
Q:
What are the three key types of questions upon which decision making is based?
A. group structure, group norms, group climate
B. decision-making strategies, decision-making styles, decision-making structure
C. fact, value, policy
D. observations, facts, inferences
Q:
Which of the following statements about group climate is false?
A. Group climate affects group norms.
B. A groups climate tends to persist.
C. The healthier the group climate, the less cohesive the group.
D. Climate affects what members say to one another and how they say it.
Q:
Of the following decision-making strategies, the most effective is decision by
A. the leader.
B. averaging.
C. consensus.
D. an expert.
E. majority vote.
Q:
The term risky shift refers to the fact that
A. group members often shift their positions on issues.
B. group decisions are often riskier than decisions made by individuals.
C. a risk is entailed when a group shifts from more formal techniques to brainstorming.
D. a risk is entailed when using the Delphi method.
Q:
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of group problem solving?
A. It slows down the problem-solving process.
B. Personal goals and group goals may conflict.
C. A few members may dominate the group.
D. Members may be unwilling to compromise.
E. It makes identification of errors more difficult.
Q:
Which of the following is not an advantage of group problem solving?
A. It facilitates the pooling of resources.
B. It increases individual motivation.
C. It is generally more pleasant and fulfilling than working alone.
D. It speeds up the problem-solving process.
E. Group decisions are better received than individual decisions.
Q:
According to Douglas McGregor, in well-functioning groups
A. the atmosphere tends to be very formal, providing structure.
B. discussion need not adhere to the task but can range freely and widely.
C. there is little or no disagreement.
D. leadership shifts from time to time.
E. all of these
Q:
Charles Redding suggests that an effective group climate is characterized by all but which of the following?
A. supportiveness
B. participative decision making
C. trust among members
D. openness and candor
E. low performance goals
Q:
For most tasks, a group with how many members seems to work best?
A. 3 or 4
B. 5 to 7
C. 10 to 12
D. at least 15
Q:
A group is composed of people who
A. interact verbally and nonverbally.
B. occupy certain roles with respect to one another.
C. cooperate to accomplish a goal.
D. all of these
Q:
Which of the following statements about groups is correct?
A. A group is a collection of people.
B. A group is a random assemblage of independent individuals.
C. A group is composed of individuals who cooperate with one another to reach a goal.
D. both A and C
Q:
Generally, the quality of decision making is higher when a group seeks consensus.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Averaging is more effective when making decisions than reaching a consensus because all voices count equally and it is less divisive than voting.
A. true
B. false
Q:
When group members dont have equal status, some members may dominate the discussion.
A. true
B. false
Q:
A quality circle is a small, autonomous work group whose members are empowered to make decisions and supervise themselves.
A. true
B. false
Q:
The reflective-thinking framework is designed to encourage critical inquiry.
A. true
B. false
Q:
According to Rosabeth Moss Kanter, kaleidoscope thinking involves taking existing data and twisting them or looking at them from another angle.
A. true
B. false
Q:
According to Sidney Parnes, killer phrases and killer looks in a brainstorming session indicate that some members are only paying lip service to the experience.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Kenneth Benne and Paul Sheats reasoned that if a group wants to achieve tasks and build relationships, it must eliminate self-serving roles.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Teams are composed of people with diverse skills.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Dominating others is a task role.
A. true
B. false
Q:
Compare and contract how cooperation and competition and supportiveness and defensiveness influence a groups work.
Q:
Identify and distinguish between the stages of a groups development.
Q:
Discuss the impact of gender and diversity on group interaction.
Q:
Define group role, and compare and contrast task, maintenance, and self-serving roles.
Q:
Identify the methods of decision making that are used most often where you work. Are you satisfied with them? Why or why not?
Q:
As a new employee, what problems might you experience when interacting with others in a problem-solving group? Refer to specific chapter principles as you answer this question.
Q:
If, as the saying goes, A camel is a horse designed by a committee, then why do we do so much of our work in groups?
Q:
Talented administrators know that they do not know all there is to know (attributed to Anonymous). How should administrators use groups to help them solve problems? Be specific.
Q:
If you have participated in an online group to help solve problems, discuss the experience. Include the advantages and disadvantages of online groups.
Q:
Discuss the steps in the reflective-thinking framework.