Q&A Hero

Q: In the Johari window, information about oneself known to both self and others is represented by which quadrant? A. open B. verbal C. complementary D. people

Q: What are the four quadrants of the Johari window? A. people, messages, channels, noise B. message, encoder, interpreter, decoder C. referent, source, stimuli, receiver D. open area, blind area, hidden area, and unknown area

Q: Eric Berne calls the rules for living we learned while growing up that spell out our roles and how to play them: A. identify scripts B. international scripts C. unusual scripts D. none of these

Q: Eric Berne believes that we sometimes pattern our transactions in such a way that we A. repeatedly reenact the same script. B. use different sets of players. C. repeatedly reenact the same script with different sets of players. D. do not pattern transactions.

Q: According to Eric Berne, we A. constantly invent new scripts to meet new situations. B. demonstrate great flexibility in communication. C. sometimes enact similar scripts with different sets of players. E. take many vacations.

Q: Men develop A. a less positive view of themselves than women do. B. a more positive view of themselves than women do. C. fewer leadership skills than women do. D. none of these

Q: Whereas the Pygmalion effect relates to the expectations that others have for us, the Galatea effect relates to the expectations that A. we have for others. B. we have for ourselves. C. students have for teachers. D. none of these

Q: Robert Rosenthal discovered that when teachers expected children to do well, the children A. resented the intrusion. B. responded by doing poorly. C. seldom listened. D. performed exceptionally well.

Q: A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when A. believing that something will occur decreases the likelihood of its occurrence. B. predictions cause you or other to behave in ways that make the predictions come true. C. we fail to live up to labels. D. we fail to act as others expect.

Q: The nature of the self is A. unaffected by how you think people perceive you. B. unaffected by how you look at people. C. unaffected by past experience. D. derived from experience and projected onto future behavior.

Q: Self-concept represents the person you A. want to be. B. think you are. C. were. D. might have been.

Q: Your self-concept A. consists of everything you think and feel about yourself. B. will never change. C. is rarely, if ever, reflected in the roles you play. D. is always positive.

Q: Your self-concept influences A. some aspects of your communicative behavior. B. few aspects of your communicative behavior. C. all aspects of your communicative behavior. D. none of your communicative behavior.

Q: Pessimists fail more frequently than optimistseven when success is attainable. A. true B. false

Q: According to distinctiveness theory, a persons own distinctive traits are more important to him or her than more prevalent traits. A. true B. false

Q: In some countries, age rather than youth is respected. A. true B. false

Q: Pessimists give up more easily because they tend to interpret setbacks as their own fault. A. true. B. false

Q: People around us greatly shape our self-concept. A. true. B. false

Q: The self-concept that we have of ourselves is not very stable and is easy to alter. A. true. B. false.

Q: We are born with our self-concept. A. true B. false

Q: Self-concept can be positive or negative, accurate or inaccurate. A. true B. false

Q: An optimistic belief in ones own competence is known as self-efficacy. A. true B. false

Q: Self-image is the sort of person one perceives ones self to be. A. true B. false

Q: Studies reveal that men tend to develop a less positive view of themselves than women. A. true B. false

Q: What rituals do you think are used to celebrate achievement in an individualistic culture? In an collectivistic culture? Why?

Q: In what ways do you find that the cultures of those with whom you relate both online and in person shape your own communication? Give specific examples.

Q: In Japan the word for different is the same as the word for wrong. Compare and contrast a culture in which the goal is to become as much like others as possible with a culture in which the goal is to distinguish oneself from others. How does the effective communicator adapt when in the company of people who are more at home with an alternative cultural convention?

Q: Compare and contrast individualism and collectivism. In what ways do high-context-communication cultures and low-context-communication cultures differ?

Q: Compare and contrast ethnocentrism and cultural pluralism.

Q: Define intercultural communication, and discuss the kinds of problems a culturally confused person would face.

Q: The expansion of domination of one culture over another is A. cultural groups. B. cultural imperialism. C. cultural narcissism. D. none of these

Q: Americans tend to place a high value on A. eye-to-eye communication. B. not looking at the other person. C. avoiding intrusive eye contact. D. none of these

Q: Robert Putnam, the author of Bowling Alone, discovered a correlation between A. bowling and physical fitness. B. ethnically mixed environments and withdrawal from public life. C. ethnically similar environments and withdrawal from public life. D. bowling and racial diversity.

Q: Nestor made every attempt to avoid communicating with members of the dominant culture. He was using the strategy of A. accommodation. B. accounting. C. separation. D. surgery.

Q: Cultures in which members are more likely to compromise and negotiate to resolve conflicts are said to be A. polychromic cultures. B. feminine cultures. C. high-power-distance cultures. D. individualistic cultures.

Q: Theorist Marshall McLuhan postulated that we would become A. many cities. B. global cities. C. many villages. D. a global village.

Q: Prejudice arises because A. we want to feel more positive about our group. B. we feel others are a threat. C. we want to feel more positive about our group and we feel others are a threat. D. none of these

Q: The strategy by which co-culture members attempt to fit in with members of the dominant culture is called A. assimilation. B. accommodation. C. separation. D. confrontation.

Q: Co-culture members who attempt to maintain their cultural identity while they seek to establish relationships with members of the dominant culture are using a strategy of A. globalization. B. accommodation. C. separation. D. confusion.

Q: Individuals from low-power-distance cultures A. are more likely to value interdependence and consultation. B. are more likely to defer to superiors. C. view power as a fact of life. D. would have a difficult time adjusting to communication in the U.S.

Q: Members of masculine cultures A. tend to value relationships. B. are more likely to value quality of life. C. are more apt to seek win-win solutions. D. tend to value competitiveness and strength.

Q: The melting-pot philosophy A. is based on cultural relativity. B. involves a respect and tolerance for uniqueness. C. assumes that immigrants should be assimilated into American culture. D. advocates quotas for immigrants of various ethnic groups.

Q: When you interact with people of your own racial or ethnic group or co-culture, you are interacting A. intrapersonally. B. interpersonally. C. intraculturally. D. interculturally.

Q: Interpreting and sharing messages with people from different races is called A. interracial communication. B. nonracial communication. C. interethnic communication. D. intersharing communication.

Q: A(n) _____ consists of a system of knowledge, beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors used and shared by members in daily living. A. co-culture B. subculture C. culture D. anticulture

Q: Americans tend to value A. personal achievement. B. individualism. C. both personal achievement and individualism. D. procrastination.

Q: In Korea, crossing your legs is a sign of A. a relaxed attitude. B. a social error. C. the thing to do. D. respect for the elderly.

Q: Low-context cultures A. exhibit direct communication styles. B. are tradition-bound. C. both exhibit direct communication styles and are tradition-bound. D. have no direction.

Q: High-context cultures A. exhibit direct communication styles. B. are tradition-bound. C. both exhibit direct communication styles and are tradition-bound. D. have no direction.

Q: Collectivistic countries include A. Great Britain. B. Canada. C. many African countries. D. all of these

Q: Individualistic cultures include A. Great Britain. B. Canada. C. France. D. all of these

Q: The United States is now the _____ demographically diverse country in the world. A. most B. least C. newest D. none of these

Q: The national slogan E Pluribus Unum reflects A. one out of many. B. submerging cultural differences. C. assimilating subcultures. D. all of these

Q: Cultural relativism is A. the same as ethnocentrism. B. a part of ethnocentrism. C. the opposite of ethnocentrism. D. not related to ethnocentrism.

Q: People displaying ethnocentric tendencies might go out of their way to maintain distance from people who are A. like them. B. unlike them. C. angry at them. D. chasing them.

Q: The process of interpreting and sharing meanings with individuals from different cultures is known as A. intercultural communication. B. international communication. C. intracultural communication. D. interethnic communication.

Q: High-context communication encourages indirect communication. A. true B. false

Q: The digital divide refers to the lack of access to online information by the elderly, poor, and others around the world. A. true B. false

Q: Low-context communication systems encourage directness in communication. A. true B. false

Q: Those who believe they are members of a marginalized group feel they are outsiders. A. true B. false

Q: Japan is an example of a highly masculine culture. A. true B. false

Q: Individual goals are stressed in collectivistic cultures. A. true B. false

Q: Ethnocentrism is the tendency to see your culture as superior. A. true B. false

Q: We may be most important in individualistic countries. A. true B. false

Q: I may be most important in individualistic countries. A. true B. false

Q: Culture is the lens through which you view the world. A. true B. false

Q: Do you believe that we are becoming the tools of our tools? In what ways, if any, do you believe that technology tends to overshadow or enhance our one-to-one communication efforts? Explain.

Q: Describe your use of technology during the day and evening. Are you on Facebook? Do you Twitter? Play video games? Use a mapping program to get from one place to another? In your opinion, should we reduce the amount of technology in our lives?

Q: Neil Postman believed that we had become a technopoly. What is a technopoly? Are the changes increasing or undermining social contact. As Postman feared, are we becomes tools of our technology? Is technology freeing us or complicating our lives. Give specific examples.

Q: Describe a work-related or personal situation in which the irreversibility of communication caused difficulties for you.

Q: Identify the four types of communication. Which do you use most? Least? Which do you enjoy most? Least? Why?

Q: Advertising executive William Marsteller noted: Communication is not just words, paint on canvas, math symbols or the equations and models of scientists; it is the interrelation of human beings trying to escape loneliness, trying to share experience, trying to implant ideas. In what ways does Marstellers observation illustrate the essential elements of communication?

Q: Describe a situation in which you tried not to communicate with someone. How successful were you? In what way does your experience illustrate and reinforce the maxim, You cannot not communicate?

Q: In what ways does context cause you to alter your posture? Your manner of speaking? Your attire?

Q: Examine the cartoon in the chapter. How could the attitude expressed in it affect relationships with significant others, friends, and/or on the job?

Q: Select a listen, read, view, or tell me exercise at the end of the chapter. What principles of communication covered in this chapter can you explain through your chosen medium?

Q: In what ways are communication technologies altering the nature of our communication experiences?

Q: Give examples of public, purposeful, and accidental messages you have recently sent or received.

Q: Briefly explain why it is important to improve your effectiveness as a communicator and how this course can help you achieve that goal.

Q: Draw and discuss a communication model, comparing and contrasting it to one shown in your text.